C. Lepers, M. Lourdiane, P. Gallion, V. Beugin, and P. Guignard, Source coherence impairments in a direct detection direct sequence optical code division multiple access system, Les travaux présentés dans ce manuscrit ont donné lieu aux publications suivantes : Publications dans des revues à comité de lecture I. Fsaifes, 2007.

I. Fsaifes, C. Lepers, A. Obaton, P. Gallion, C. Lepers et al., DS?OCDMA Encoder/Decoder performance analysis using Optical Low?Coherence Reflectometry Pulsed laser source coherence time impairments in a direct detection DS?OCDMA system, Proc. CLEO, CWH 6, 2006.

I. Fsaifes, M. Lourdiane, C. Lepers, R. Gabet, V. Beugin et al., Performances of 1Gb/s optical DS?CDMA based on sampled fiber Bragg gratings, Proc. SPIE 5970, pp.713-718, 2005.

C. Gallion, M. Lepers, I. Lourdiane, R. Fsaifes, and . Vallet, Accès Multiple par Code : des Réseaux sans Fils aux Réseaux Optiques Colloque International Optique Hertzienne et Diélectriques, Encodage spectral à réseaux de Bragg pour les systèmes CDMA tout?optiques Journées nationales d?optique guidée (JNOG), 2005.

I. Fsaifes, C. Lepers, R. Gabet, M. Douay, and P. Gallion, Étude expérimentale d'un système DS? OCDMA cohérent à réseaux de Bragg superstructurés, Journées nationales d?optique guidée (JNOG), 2007.

A. J. Viterbi, Spread spectrum communications: myths and realities, IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.40, issue.5, pp.34-41, 2002.
DOI : 10.1109/MCOM.2002.1006970

. J. Ir, Spread Spectrum: introduction and applications, Sirius communications, 1999.

P. M. Crespo, M. L. Honig, and J. A. Salehi, Spread-time code-division multiple access, IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol.43, issue.6, pp.2139-2148, 1995.
DOI : 10.1109/26.387455

M. M. Strasser, P. J. Winzer, and A. Napoli, Noise and Intersymbol-Interference Properties of OTDM and ETDM Receivers, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.16, issue.1, pp.248-250, 2004.
DOI : 10.1109/LPT.2003.818923

Y. Frignac, G. Charlet, W. Idler, R. Dischler, P. Tran et al., Transmission of 256 wavelength division and polarization?division?multiplexed channels at 42.7 Gb/s (10.2 Tb/s capacity) over 3/spl times/100km of TeraLight/spl trade, Proc. OFC, pp.5-6, 2002.

A. Stok and E. H. Sargent, Lighting the local area: optical code division multiple access and quality of service provisioning, IEEE Network, pp.42-46, 2000.

A. Stock and E. H. Sargent, The role of optical CDMA in access networks, IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.40, issue.9, pp.83-87, 2002.
DOI : 10.1109/MCOM.2002.1031833

T. H. Shake, Security performance of optical CDMA Against eavesdropping, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.23, issue.2, pp.655-670, 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/JLT.2004.838844

K. Iversen, J. Muckenheim, and D. Hampicke, A basic theory of fiber-optic CDMA, Proceedings of ISSSTA'95 International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications, pp.431-437, 1996.
DOI : 10.1109/ISSSTA.1996.563814

N. Karafolas and D. Uttamchandani, Optical Fiber Code Division Multiple Access Networks: A Review, Optical Fiber Technology, vol.2, issue.2, pp.149-168, 1996.
DOI : 10.1006/ofte.1996.0017

H. P. Sardesai, C. C. Chang, and A. M. Weiner, A femtosecond code-division multiple-access communication system test bed, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.16, issue.11, 1998.
DOI : 10.1109/50.730356

M. Zirngibl, C. H. Joyner, C. R. Doerr, L. W. Stulz, and H. M. Presby, An 18-channel multifrequency laser, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.8, issue.7, pp.870-872, 1996.
DOI : 10.1109/68.502254

R. Alfano and S. L. Shapiro, Emission in the Region 4000 to 7000 ?? Via Four-Photon Coupling in Glass, Physical Review Letters, vol.24, issue.11, pp.584-587, 1970.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.24.584

C. Bres, I. Glesk, and P. R. , Demonstration of an eight-user 115-Gchip/s incoherent OCDMA system using supercontinuum generation and optical time gating, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.18, issue.7, pp.889-891, 2006.
DOI : 10.1109/LPT.2006.872337

J. A. Salehi, Code division multiple-access techniques in optical fiber networks. I. Fundamental principles, IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol.37, issue.8, pp.824-833, 1989.
DOI : 10.1109/26.31181

R. K. Chung, J. A. Salehi, and V. K. Wei, Optical orthogonal codes: design, analysis and applications, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol.35, issue.3, pp.595-604, 1989.
DOI : 10.1109/18.30982

P. R. Prucnal and M. A. Santoro, Spread spectrum fiber-optic local area network using optical processing, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.4, issue.5, pp.547-554, 1986.
DOI : 10.1109/JLT.1986.1074754

M. E. Marhic and Y. L. Chang, Pulse coding and coherent decoding in fibre-optic ladder networks, Electronics Letters, vol.25, issue.22, pp.1535-1536, 1989.
DOI : 10.1049/el:19891032

R. A. Griffin, D. D. Sampson, and D. A. Jackson, Optical phase coding for code-division multiple access networks, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.4, issue.12, pp.1401-1404, 1992.
DOI : 10.1109/68.180590

J. A. Salehi, A. M. Weiner, and J. P. Heritage, Coherent ultrashort light pulse code-division multiple access communication systems, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.8, issue.3, pp.478-491, 1990.
DOI : 10.1109/50.50743

D. E. Leaird and A. M. Weiner, Femtosecond direct space-to-time pulse shaping, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, vol.37, issue.4, pp.494-504, 2001.
DOI : 10.1109/3.914397

T. H. Shake, Confidentiality performance of spectral-phase-encoded optical CDMA, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.23, issue.4, pp.1652-1663, 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/JLT.2005.844504

V. J. Hernandez, Y. Du, W. Cong, R. P. Scott, K. Li et al., Spectral Phase-Encoded Time-Spreading (SPECTS) Optical Code-Division Multiple Access for Terabit Optical Access Networks, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.22, issue.11, pp.2671-2679, 2004.
DOI : 10.1109/JLT.2004.836752

Z. Jiang, D. S. Seo, S. ?. Yang, D. E. Leaird, R. V. Roussev et al., Four-user, 2.5-Gb/s, spectrally coded OCDMA system demonstration using low-power nonlinear processing, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.23, issue.1, pp.143-158, 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/JLT.2004.840039

D. Zaccarin and M. Kavehrad, An optical CDMA system based on spectral encoding of LED, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.5, issue.4, pp.479-482, 1993.
DOI : 10.1109/68.212705

M. Kavehrad and D. Zaccarin, Optical code-division-multiplexed systems based on spectral encoding of noncoherent sources, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.13, issue.3, pp.534-545, 1995.
DOI : 10.1109/50.372451

Z. Wei, H. M. Shalaby, and H. Ghafouri?shiraz, Modified quadratic congruence codes for fiber bragg grating based spectral?amplitude?coding optical CDMA systems, J. Lightw. Technol, vol.19, issue.9, pp.1274-1281, 1998.

D. M. Meghavoryan and A. V. Daryan, Superimposed fiber Bragg grating simulation by the method of single expression for optical CDMA systems, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.15, issue.11, pp.1546-1548, 2003.
DOI : 10.1109/LPT.2003.818638

M. Ayotte, J. Rochette, L. A. Magne, S. Rusch, and . Larochelle, Experimental verification and capacity prediction of FE-OCDMA using superimposed FBG, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.23, issue.2, pp.724-731, 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/JLT.2004.839984

G. A. Magel, G. D. Landry, R. J. Baca, D. A. Harper, and C. A. Spillers, Transmission of eight channels ?? 622 Mbit/s and 15 channels ?? 155 Mbit/s using spectral encoded optical CDMA, Electronics Letters, vol.37, issue.21, pp.1307-1308, 2001.
DOI : 10.1049/el:20010876

J. Penon, S. Ayotte, L. A. Rusch, and S. Larcohelle, Incoherent SAC OCDMA system at 7*622 Mbps, Proc. CLEO, CHW 5, 2006.

G. Pille, Y. Moreau, J. Galy, R. K. Kribich, S. Gatti et al., Composants optiques passifs pour la génération de codes CDMA optiques spectraux, Proc. DOCTISS, 2005.

M. Razavi and J. A. Salehi, Temporal/spatial fiber-optic CDMA systems with post- and pre-optical amplification, IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol.50, issue.10, pp.1688-1695, 2002.
DOI : 10.1109/TCOMM.2002.803970

A. J. Mendez, E. Park, R. M. Gagliardi, H. Taylor, and E. Garmire, Photonic switching fabrics based on spatial/temporal hybrid pseudo orthogonal code division multiple access (CDMA) codes, Proc. CLEO, pp.58-59, 1990.

E. Park, A. J. Mendez, and E. M. Garmire, Temporal/spatial optical CDMA networks-design, demonstration, and comparison with temporal networks, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.4, issue.10, pp.1160-1162, 1992.
DOI : 10.1109/68.163765

G. Cincotti, Design of Optical Full Encoders/Decoders for Code-Based Photonic Routers, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.22, issue.7, pp.1642-1650, 2004.
DOI : 10.1109/JLT.2004.829190

W. C. Kwong and G. Yang, Programmable wavelength time OCDMA coding design based on wavelength periodicity of arrayed waveguide grating, Proc. CLEO 2003, p.155, 2003.

P. Cortès, H. Fathallah, S. Larochelle, L. A. Rusch, and P. Loiselle, Writing of Bragg gratings with wavelength flexibility using a Sagnac type interferometer and application to FH-CDMA, 24th European Conference on Optical Communication. ECOC '98 (IEEE Cat. No.98TH8398), pp.411-412, 1998.
DOI : 10.1109/ECOC.1998.732625

H. Fathallah, L. A. Rusch, and S. Larochelle, Optical frequency-hop multiple access communications system, ICC '98. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Communications. Conference Record. Affiliated with SUPERCOMM'98 (Cat. No.98CH36220), pp.1269-1273, 1998.
DOI : 10.1109/ICC.1998.683029

L. Bin, One-coincidence sequences with specified distance between adjacent symbols for frequency-hopping multiple access, IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol.45, issue.4, pp.408-410, 1997.
DOI : 10.1109/26.585914

S. Yegnanarayanan, A. S. Bhushan, and B. Jalali, Fast wavelength-hopping time-spreading encoding/decoding for optical CDMA, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.12, issue.5, pp.573-575, 2000.
DOI : 10.1109/68.841290

C. Yang, Hybrid wavelength-division-multiplexing/spectral-amplitude-coding optical CDMA system, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.17, issue.6, pp.1343-1345, 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/LPT.2005.847447

W. Huang, M. H. Nizam, I. Andonovic, and M. Tur, Coherent optical CDMA (OCDMA) systems used for high-capacity optical fiber networks-system description, OTDMA comparison, and OCDMA/WDMA networking, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.18, issue.6, pp.765-778, 2000.
DOI : 10.1109/50.848384

P. C. Teh, M. Ibsen, J. H. Lee, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, Demonstration of a four-channel WDM/OCDMA system using 255-chip 320-Gchip/s quarternary phase coding gratings, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.14, issue.2, pp.227-229, 2002.
DOI : 10.1109/68.980530

L. R. Chen and P. W. Smith, Demonstration of incoherent wavelength-encoding/time-spreading optical CDMA using chirped moire gratings, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.12, issue.9, pp.1281-1283, 2000.
DOI : 10.1109/68.874262

J. E. Mcgeehan, S. M. Nezam, P. Saghari, A. E. Willner, R. Omrani et al., Experimental demonstration of OCDMA transmission using a three-dimensional (time-wavelength-polarization) codeset, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.23, issue.10, pp.3282-3289, 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/JLT.2005.856302

J. A. Salehi and E. G. Paek, Holographic CDMA, IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol.43, issue.9, pp.2434-2438, 1995.
DOI : 10.1109/26.412717

M. Abtahi and J. A. Salehi, Spread-space holographic CDMA technique: basic analysis and applications, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol.1, issue.2, pp.311-321, 2002.
DOI : 10.1109/7693.994825

G. Heidari?bateni and C. D. Mcgillem, A chaotic direct-sequence spread-spectrum communication system, IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol.42, issue.2/3/4, pp.1524-1527, 1994.
DOI : 10.1109/TCOMM.1994.582834

I. Rian, Fiber Bragg gratings for telecommunications'', comptes rendus physique, pp.41-49, 2003.

J. Martin, M. Têtu, C. Latrasse, A. Bellemare, and M. A. Duguay, Use of a sampled Bragg grating as an in-fiber optical resonator for the realization of a referencing optical frequency scale for WDM communications, Proceedings of Optical Fiber Communication Conference (, 1997.
DOI : 10.1109/OFC.1997.719894

T. J. Eom, S. Kim, T. Kim, C. Park, and B. H. Lee, Optical pulse multiplication and temporal coding using true time delay achieved by long-period fiber gratings in dispersion compensating fiber, Optics Express, vol.12, issue.26, pp.6410-6420, 2004.
DOI : 10.1364/OPEX.12.006410

M. Ibsen, M. K. Durkin, M. J. Cole, and R. I. Laming, Sinc-sampled fiber Bragg gratings for identical multiple wavelength operation, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.10, issue.6, pp.842-844, 1998.
DOI : 10.1109/68.681504

A. D. Kersey, M. A. Davis, H. J. Patrick, M. Leblanc, K. P. Koo et al., Fiber grating sensors, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.15, issue.8, pp.1442-1463, 1997.
DOI : 10.1109/50.618377

K. O. Hill, Y. Fujii, D. C. Johnson, and B. S. Kawasaki, Photosensitivity in optical fiber waveguides: Application to reflection filter fabrication, Applied Physics Letters, vol.32, issue.10, pp.647-649, 1978.
DOI : 10.1063/1.89881

K. O. Hill and G. Meltz, Fiber Bragg grating technology fundamentals and overview, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.15, issue.8, pp.1263-1276, 1998.
DOI : 10.1109/50.618320

G. Meltz, W. W. Morey, and W. H. Gleinn, Formation of Bragg gratings in optical fibers by a transverse holographic method, Optics Letters, vol.14, issue.15, pp.823-825, 1989.
DOI : 10.1364/OL.14.000823

P. J. Lemaire, R. M. Atkins, V. Mizrahi, and W. A. Reed, High pressure H2 loading as a technique for achieving ultrahigh UV photosensitivity and thermal sensitivity in GeO2 doped optical fibres, Electronics Letters, vol.29, issue.13, pp.1191-1193, 1993.
DOI : 10.1049/el:19930796

A. Yariv, Coupled-mode theory for guided-wave optics, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, vol.9, issue.9, pp.919-933, 1973.
DOI : 10.1109/JQE.1973.1077767

M. Mccall, On the application of coupled mode theory for modeling fiber Bragg gratings, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.18, issue.2, pp.236-242, 2000.
DOI : 10.1109/50.822798

H. Kogelnik and H. C. Shank, Coupled???Wave Theory of Distributed Feedback Lasers, Journal of Applied Physics, vol.43, issue.5, pp.2327-2335, 1972.
DOI : 10.1063/1.1661499

T. Erdogan, Fiber grating spectra, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.15, issue.8, pp.1277-1294, 1997.
DOI : 10.1109/50.618322

B. Malo, S. Theriault, D. C. Johnson, F. Bilodeau, J. Albert et al., Apodised in-fibre Bragg grating reflectors photoimprinted using a phase mask, Electronics Letters, vol.31, issue.3, pp.223-225, 1995.
DOI : 10.1049/el:19950150

F. Oulette, Dispersion cancellation using linearly chirped Bragg grating filters in optical waveguides, Optics Letters, vol.12, issue.10, pp.847-849, 1987.
DOI : 10.1364/OL.12.000847

I. Riant, S. Gurib, J. Gourhant, P. Sansonetti, C. Bungarzeanu et al., Chirped fiber Bragg gratings for WDM chromatic dispersion compensation in multispan 10-Gb/s transmission, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, vol.5, issue.5, pp.1312-1324, 1999.
DOI : 10.1109/2944.806756

J. Canning and M. G. Sceats, ??-phase-shifted periodic distributed structures in optical fibres by UV post-processing, Electronics Letters, vol.30, issue.16, pp.1344-1645, 1994.
DOI : 10.1049/el:19940920

R. Kashyap, R. Wyatt, and P. F. Mckee, Wavelength flattened saturated erbium amplifier using multiple side-tap Bragg gratings, Electronics Letters, vol.29, issue.11, pp.1025-1026, 1993.
DOI : 10.1049/el:19930685

L. Zhang, K. Sugden, I. Bennion, and A. Molony, Wide-stopband chirped fibre moir?? grating transmission filters, Electronics Letters, vol.31, issue.6, pp.477-479, 1995.
DOI : 10.1049/el:19950288

G. E. Town, K. Chan, and G. Yoffe, Design and performance of high-speed optical pulse-code generators using optical fiber Bragg gratings, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, vol.5, issue.5, pp.1325-1331, 1999.
DOI : 10.1109/2944.806757

J. Eggleton, P. A. Krug, L. Poladian, and F. Ouellette, Long periodic superstructure Bragg gratings in optical fibres, Electronics Letters, vol.30, issue.19, pp.1620-1622, 1994.
DOI : 10.1049/el:19941088

H. Geiger, A. Fu, P. Petropoulos, M. Ibsen, D. J. Richardson et al., Demonstration of a simple CDMA transmitter and receiver using sampled fiber gratings, Proc. ECOC, pp.337-338, 1998.

A. Shaar and P. Davies, Prime sequences: quasi optimal sequences for OR channel code division multiplexing, Electron. Lett, vol.9, issue.21, pp.888-890, 1983.

C. Yang and W. C. Kwong, Performance analysis of optical CDMA with prime codes, Electronics Letters, vol.31, issue.7, pp.569-570, 1995.
DOI : 10.1049/el:19950202

S. V. Maric, New family of algebraically designed optical orthogonal codes for use in CDMA fibre-optic networks, Electronics Letters, vol.29, issue.6, pp.538-539, 1993.
DOI : 10.1049/el:19930359

A. S. Holmes and R. R. Syms, All-optical CDMA using 'quasi-prime' codes, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.10, issue.2, pp.279-286, 1992.
DOI : 10.1109/50.120584

S. V. Maric, Z. I. Kostic, and E. L. Titlebaum, A new family of optical code sequences for use in spread-spectrum fiber-optic local area networks, IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol.41, issue.8, pp.1217-1221, 1993.
DOI : 10.1109/26.231965

S. V. Maric and M. D. Hahm, Construction and performance analysis of a new family of optical orthogonal codes for CDMA fiber-optic networks, IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol.43, issue.2/3/4, pp.485-489, 1993.
DOI : 10.1109/26.380066

P. C. Teh, P. Petropoulos, M. Ibsen, and D. J. Richardson, Phase encoding and decoding of short pulses at 10 Gb/s using superstructured fiber Bragg gratings, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.13, issue.2, pp.154-156, 2001.
DOI : 10.1109/68.910519

P. Petropoulos, M. Ibsen, A. Fu, H. Geiger, R. L. Laming et al., Coherent control of short pulses using fibre Bragg gratings, IEE Colloquium on Optical Fibre Gratings, 1999.
DOI : 10.1049/ic:19990140

K. O. Hill, B. Malo, F. Bilodeau, D. C. Johnson, and J. Albert, Bragg gratings fabricated in monomode photosensitive optical fiber by UV exposure through a phase mask, Applied Physics Letters, vol.62, issue.10, pp.1035-1037, 1993.
DOI : 10.1063/1.108786

D. Z. Anderson, V. Mizuehi, T. Erdogan, and A. E. White, Production of in-fibre gratings using a diffractive optical element, Electronics Letters, vol.29, issue.6, pp.566-568, 1993.
DOI : 10.1049/el:19930379

P. E. Dyer, R. J. Farley, and R. Giedl, Analysis of grating formation with excimer laser irradiated phase masks, Optics Communications, vol.115, issue.3-4, pp.327-334, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0030-4018(94)00694-P

B. Leconte, Contribution à l'étude de la photosensibilité des fibres en silice sous l'effet d'une insolation par un laser à ArF, thèse doctorat, p.2379, 1998.

A. Kastler, Transmission of light pulse through a Fabry-Perot interferometer, Nouvelle Revue d'Optique, vol.5, issue.3, pp.133-139, 1974.
DOI : 10.1088/0335-7368/5/3/301

S. Shen, A. M. Weiner, G. D. Sucha, and M. L. Stock, Bit error rate performance of ultrashort-pulse optical CDMA detection under multi-access interference, Electronics Letters, vol.36, issue.21, pp.1795-1796, 2002.
DOI : 10.1049/el:20001259

S. P. Majumder and A. Azhari, Performance limitations of an optical CDMA system impaired by fiber chromatic dispersion, Proceedings. 2004 12th IEEE International Conference on Networks (ICON 2004) (IEEE Cat. No.04EX955), pp.137-141, 2004.
DOI : 10.1109/ICON.2004.1409108

X. Wang and K. Kitayama, Analysis of Beat Noise in Coherent and Incoherent Time-Spreading OCDMA, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.22, issue.10, pp.2226-2235, 2004.
DOI : 10.1109/JLT.2004.833267

M. Born and E. Wolf, principles of optics " , oxford, pergammon press Bibliographie 151, pp.300-302, 1980.

K. Takada, I. Yokohama, K. Chida, and J. Noda, New measurement system for fault location in optical waveguide devices based on an interferometric technique, Applied Optics, vol.26, issue.9, pp.1603-1606, 1987.
DOI : 10.1364/AO.26.001603

R. C. Youngquist, S. Carr, and D. E. Davies, Optical coherence-domain reflectometry: a new optical evaluation technique, Optics Letters, vol.12, issue.3, pp.158-160, 1987.
DOI : 10.1364/OL.12.000158

H. H. Gilgen, R. P. Novàk, R. P. Salathé, W. Hodel, and P. Beaud, Submillimeter optical reflectometry, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.7, issue.8, pp.1225-1233, 1989.
DOI : 10.1109/50.32387

K. Takada and K. Okamoto, Optical low-coherence reflectometry using a Gaussian bandpass filter for measuring WDM components, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.11, issue.8, pp.1021-1023, 1998.
DOI : 10.1109/68.775333

U. Wiedmann and P. Gallion, Leakage current measurement in multielectrode lasers using optical low-coherence reflectometry, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.9, issue.8, pp.1134-1136, 1997.
DOI : 10.1109/68.605527

E. I. Petermann, J. Skaar, B. E. Sahlgren, R. A. Stubbe, and A. T. Friberg, Characterization of fiber Bragg gratings by use of optical coherence-domain reflectometry, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.17, issue.11, pp.2317-2378, 1999.
DOI : 10.1109/50.803033

U. Wiedmann, P. Gallion, Y. Jaouën, and C. Chabran, Analysis of distributed feedback lasers using optical low-coherence reflectometry, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.16, issue.5, pp.864-869, 1998.
DOI : 10.1109/50.669020

J. F. Lucas, L. F. Dechiaro, C. Salla, and C. Y. Boisrobert, Low coherence reflectometry and spectral analysis for detection of gain anomalies in semiconductor lasers, Electronics Letters, vol.28, issue.22, pp.2085-2087, 1992.
DOI : 10.1049/el:19921337

K. Kasaya, Y. Y. Oshikuni, and H. Ishii, Measurements of a semiconductor waveguide using a low-coherence interferometric reflectometer, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.8, issue.2, pp.251-253, 1995.
DOI : 10.1109/68.484257

C. Palavicini, Y. Jaouën, G. Debarge, E. Kerrinkx, Y. Quiquempois et al., Phase-sensitive optical low-coherence reflectometry technique applied to the characterization of photonic crystal fiber properties, Optics Letters, vol.30, issue.4, pp.361-363, 2005.
DOI : 10.1364/OL.30.000361

. Ph, H. G. Giaccari, R. P. Limberger, and . Salathé, local coupling coefficient characterization in fiber Bragg gratings, Opt. Lett, vol.9, pp.598-600, 2003.

S. D. Dyer, K. B. Rochford, and A. H. Rose, Fast and accurate low-coherence interferometric measurements of fiber Bragg grating dispersion and reflectance, Optics Express, vol.5, issue.11, pp.262-266, 1999.
DOI : 10.1364/OE.5.000262

H. Yamada, H. Sanjoh, M. Kohtoku, K. Takada, and K. Okamoto, Measurement of phase and amplitude error distributions in arrayed-waveguide grating multi/demultiplexers based on dispersive waveguide, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.18, issue.9, pp.1309-1320, 2000.
DOI : 10.1109/50.871710

M. J. Gander, R. Mcbride, J. D. Jones, D. Mogilevtsev, T. A. Birks et al., Experimental measurement of group velocity dispersion in photonic crystal fiber, Electron. Lett, vol.35, pp.1485-1486, 1999.

A. ?. Obaton, C. Palavicini, Y. Jaouen, E. Kerrinckx, Y. Quiquempois et al., Characterization of Fiber Bragg Gratings by Phase-Sensitive Optical Low-Coherence Reflectometry, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol.55, issue.5, pp.1696-1703, 2006.
DOI : 10.1109/TIM.2006.880295

T. Erdogan, Fiber grating spectra, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.15, issue.8, pp.1277-1294, 1997.
DOI : 10.1109/50.618322

P. Y. Fonjallaz, H. G. Limberger, R. P. Salathé, C. Zimmer, and H. H. Gilgen, Direct determination of main fiber Bragg grating parameters using OLCR, IEE proc Optoelectronic, 1994.

Y. Gottesman, E. V. Rao, H. Sillard, and J. Jacquet, Modeling of optical low coherence reflectometry recorded Bragg reflectograms: evidence to a decisive role of Bragg spectral selectivity, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.20, issue.3, pp.493-489, 2002.
DOI : 10.1109/50.988998

R. Adams and L. R. Chen, Effect of encoder???decoder mismatch due to wavelength and time misalignments on the performance of two-dimensional wavelength???time optical code-division multiple access systems, Applied Optics, vol.44, issue.20, pp.4368-4374, 2005.
DOI : 10.1364/AO.44.004368

H. Fathallah and L. A. Rusch, Robust optical FFH-CDMA communications: coding in place of frequency and temperature controls, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.17, issue.8, pp.1284-1293, 1998.
DOI : 10.1109/50.779148

A. D. Kersey, M. A. Davis, H. J. Patrick, M. Leblanc, K. P. Koo et al., Fiber grating sensors, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.15, issue.8, pp.1442-1463, 1997.
DOI : 10.1109/50.618377

I. Joindot and M. Joindot, Les télécommunications par fibre optiques, 1996.

L. A. Ayotte and . Rusch, Experimental comparison of coherent versus incoherent sources in a four-user /spl lambda/-t OCDMA system at 1.25 Gb/s, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.17, issue.11, pp.2493-2495, 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/LPT.2005.858047

M. , R. , and L. A. Rusch, Spectral efficiency of OCDMA systems with coherent pulsed sources, J. Lightw. Technol, vol.23, issue.3, pp.1033-1038, 2005.

B. Ni and J. S. Lehner, Performance of an incoherent temporal spreading OCDMA system with broadband light sources, J. Lightw. Technol, vol.23, issue.7, pp.2206-2214, 2005.

L. Tancevski and L. A. Rusch, Impact of the beat noise on the performance of 2-D optical CDMA systems, IEEE Communications Letters, vol.4, issue.8, 2000.
DOI : 10.1109/4234.864189

T. Hamanaka, X. Wang, N. Wada, A. Nishiki, and K. Kitayama, Ten-user truly asynchronous gigabit OCDMA transmission experiment with a 511-chip SSFBG en/decoder, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.24, issue.1, p.95, 2006.
DOI : 10.1109/JLT.2005.861126

X. Wang, K. Matsushima, A. Nishiki, N. Wada, and K. Kitayama, High reflectivity superstructured FBG for coherent optical code generation and recognition, Optics Express, vol.12, issue.22, pp.5457-5468, 2004.
DOI : 10.1364/OPEX.12.005457

A. M. Turkmani and U. S. Goni, Performance evaluation of maximal?length, Gold et Kasami codes as spreading sequences in CDMA systems, ?Personal Communications: Gateway to the 21st Century?, Conference Record, 2nd International Conference on, pp.12-15, 1993.

R. Gold, Optimal binary sequences for spread spectrum multiplexing (Corresp.), IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol.13, issue.4, pp.619-621, 1967.
DOI : 10.1109/TIT.1967.1054048

R. Prasad, Universal Wireless Personal Communications, 1998.

R. S. Stankovi?, Some remarks on terminology in spectral techniques for logic design: Walsh transform and Hadamard matrices, IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, vol.17, issue.11, pp.1211-1214, 1998.
DOI : 10.1109/43.736193

L. Wei and J. W. Lit, Phase-shifted Bragg grating filters with symmetrical structures, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.15, issue.8, pp.1405-1410, 1997.
DOI : 10.1109/50.618363

A. Grunnet?jepsen, A. E. Johnson, E. S. Maniloff, T. W. Mossberg, M. J. Munroe et al., Fibre Bragg grating based spectral encoder/decoder for lightwave CDMA, Electronics Letters, vol.35, issue.13, pp.1096-1097, 1999.
DOI : 10.1049/el:19990722

A. Grunnet?jespen, A. E. Johnson, E. S. Manloff, T. W. Mossberg, M. J. Munroe et al., Demonstration of all-fiber sparse lightwave CDMA based on temporal phase encoding, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.11, issue.10, pp.1283-1285, 1999.
DOI : 10.1109/68.789718

S. Boztas, R. Hammons, and P. Y. Kumar, 4-phase sequences with near-optimum correlation properties, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol.38, issue.3, pp.1101-1113, 1992.
DOI : 10.1109/18.135649
URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.68.8300

N. Wada and K. Kitayama, A 10 Gb/s optical code division multiplexing using 8-chip optical bipolar code and coherent detection, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.17, issue.10, pp.1758-1765, 1999.
DOI : 10.1109/50.793747

S. Kutsuzawa, S. Oshiba, A. Nishiki, S. Kobayashi, and H. Iwamura, Phase-coding OCDM using fiber-Bragg-grating with enlarged signal pulse width, Journal of Lightwave Technology, pp.136-137, 2003.
DOI : 10.1109/OFC.2003.1247549

P. S. Cross and H. Kogelink, Sidelobe suppression in corrugated-waveguide filters, Optics Letters, vol.1, issue.1, pp.43-45, 1977.
DOI : 10.1364/OL.1.000043

D. Pastor, J. Capmany, D. Ortega, V. Tatay, and J. Marti, Design of apodized linearly chirped fiber gratings for dispersion compensation, Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.14, issue.11, pp.2581-2588, 1996.
DOI : 10.1109/50.548158