G. Devereux and S. , Along this route, other papers can be mentioned) to name a few. 4 The number of papers considering space as continuous is relatively scarce, but increasing, 1999.

. Overman, provide an application to the US auto supplier industry, Marcon and Puech (2007) and Arbia, Espa, and Quah, 2003.

. Arbia, . Espa, and M. Giuliani, study both the temporal and spatial scopes of agglomeration. 5 See appendix 1.7 for a more technical presentation and discussion about the construction of the global, 2009.

J. M. Abowd, R. H. Creecy, and F. Kramarz, Computing person and firm effects using linked longitudinal employer-employee data, 2002.

D. Ackerberg, C. L. Benkard, S. Berry, and A. Pakes, Econometric tools for analyzing market outcomes, Handbook of Econometrics, pp.4171-4276, 2007.

C. G. Amrhein, Searching for the Elusive Aggregation Effect: Evidence from Statistical Simulations, Environment and Planning A, vol.15, issue.3, pp.105-119, 1995.
DOI : 10.1068/a270105

C. G. Amrhein and R. Flowerdew, The effect of data aggregation on a Poisson regression model of Canadian migration, Environment and Planning A, vol.24, issue.10, pp.1381-1391, 1992.
DOI : 10.1068/a241381

C. G. Amrhein and H. Reynolds, USING THE GETIS STATISTIC TO EXPLORE AGGREGATION EFFECTS IN METROPOLITAN TORONTO CENSUS DATA, Canadian Geographer / Le G??ographe canadien, vol.2, issue.2, pp.137-149, 1997.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1541-0064.1997.tb01154.x

J. E. Anderson and D. Marcouiller, Insecurity and the Pattern of Trade: An Empirical Investigation, Review of Economics and Statistics, vol.85, issue.3, pp.342-352, 2002.
DOI : 10.1257/jep.14.1.177

J. E. Anderson and E. Vanwincoop, Gravity with Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle, American Economic Review, vol.93, issue.1, pp.170-192, 2003.
DOI : 10.1257/000282803321455214

J. E. Anderson and E. Vanwincoop, Trade Costs, Journal of Economic Literature, vol.42, issue.3, pp.691-751, 2004.
DOI : 10.1257/0022051042177649

G. Arbia, Spatial Data Configuration in Statistical Analysis of Regional Economic and, 1989.

G. Arbia, G. Espa, D. Giuliani, and A. Mazzitelli, Clusters of firms in space and time. Working Paper 0902, 2009.

G. Arbia, G. Espa, and D. Quah, A class of spatial econometric methods in the empirical analysis of clusters of firms in the space, Empirical Economics, vol.94, issue.3, pp.81-103, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/s00181-007-0154-1

M. Arzaghi and J. V. Henderson, Networking off Madison Avenue, Review of Economic Studies, vol.75, issue.4, pp.1011-1038, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-937X.2008.00499.x

P. Aubert and B. Crépon, La productivit?? des salari??s ??g??s : une tentative d'estimation, Economie et statistique 368, pp.95-119, 2003.
DOI : 10.3406/estat.2003.7300

S. L. Baier and J. H. Bergstrand, Bonus vetus OLS: A simple method for approximating international trade-cost effects using the gravity equation, Journal of International Economics, vol.77, issue.1, pp.77-85, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jinteco.2008.10.004

S. Bandyopadhyay, C. C. Coughlin, and H. J. Wall, Ethnic Networks and US Exports*, Review of International Economics, vol.49, issue.1, pp.199-213, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-9396.2007.00722.x

Y. Barbesol and A. Briant, ??conomies d???agglom??ration et productivit?? des entreprises : estimation sur donn??es individuelles fran??aises, Economie et statistique, vol.419, issue.1, pp.31-54, 2009.
DOI : 10.3406/estat.2008.7726

S. Barrios, L. Bertinelli, E. Strobl, and A. Teixeira, The dynamics of agglomeration: evidence from Ireland and Portugal, Journal of Urban Economics, vol.57, issue.1, pp.170-188, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jue.2004.10.003

A. P. Bartel, Where Do the New U.S. Immigrants Live?, Journal of Labor Economics, vol.7, issue.4, pp.371-91, 1989.
DOI : 10.1086/298213

C. F. Baum, M. E. Schaffer, and S. Stillman, Instrumental variables and GMM: Estimation and testing, Stata Journal, vol.3, issue.1, pp.1-31, 2003.

K. Behrens, C. Ertur, and W. Koch, Dual gravity: Using spatial econometrics to control for multilateral resistance, CORE Discussion Paper, 2007.

A. Bénassy-quéré, M. Coupet, and T. Mayer, Institutional Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment, The World Economy, vol.41, issue.6, pp.764-782, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-1996(92)90050-T

D. Berkowitz, J. Moenius, and K. Pistor, Trade, Law, and Product Complexity, Review of Economics and Statistics, vol.12, issue.5, pp.363-373, 2006.
DOI : 10.2307/1912934

J. Bound, D. A. Jaeger, and R. M. Baker, Problems with Instrumental Variables Estimation when the Correlation between the Instruments and the Endogenous Explanatory Variable is Weak, Journal of the American Statistical Association, vol.82, issue.430, pp.443-450, 1995.
DOI : 10.1080/01621459.1995.10476536

A. Briant, P. Combes, and M. Lafourcade, Dots to boxes: Do the size and shape of spatial units jeopardize economic geography estimations?, Journal of Urban Economics, vol.67, issue.3, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jue.2009.09.014
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00349294

M. Buchinsky, Recent Advances in Quantile Regression Models: A Practical Guideline for Empirical Research, The Journal of Human Resources, vol.33, issue.1, pp.88-126, 1998.
DOI : 10.2307/146316

G. Burnod and A. Chenu, Employés qualifiés et non-qualifiés: une proposition d'aménagement de nomenclature des catégories socio-professsionnelles, Travail et Emploi, vol.86, 2001.

C. Cameron and P. Trivedi, Microeconometrics: Methods and Applications, 2005.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511811241

A. Casella and J. Rauch, Overcoming informational barriers to international resource allocation: Prices and group ties, Economic Journal, vol.113, issue.484, pp.21-42, 2003.

A. Ciccone, Agglomeration effects in Europe, European Economic Review, vol.46, issue.2, pp.213-227, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0014-2921(00)00099-4

A. Ciccone and R. Hall, Productivity and the density of economic activity, American Economic Review, vol.86, issue.1, pp.54-70, 1996.
DOI : 10.3386/w4313

F. Cingano and F. Schivardi, Identifying the Sources of Local Productivity Growth, Journal of the European Economic Association, vol.2, issue.4, pp.720-742, 2004.
DOI : 10.1162/1542476041423322

P. Combes, Economic Structure and Local Growth: France, 1984???1993, Journal of Urban Economics, vol.47, issue.3, pp.329-355, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/juec.1999.2143

P. Combes, G. Duranton, and L. Gobillon, Spatial wage disparities: Sorting matters!, Journal of Urban Economics, vol.63, issue.2, pp.723-742, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jue.2007.04.004
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00754296

P. Combes, G. Duranton, L. Gobillon, D. Puga, and S. Roux, The productivity advantages of large markets: Distinguishing agglomeration from firm selection, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, vol.7191, 2009.

P. Combes, G. Duranton, L. Gobillon, S. Roux, and . Forthcoming, Estimating agglomeration economies with history, geology and worker effects The Economics of Agglomeration

P. Combes and M. Lafourcade, Transport costs: measures, determinants, and regional policy implications for France, Journal of Economic Geography, vol.5, issue.3, pp.319-349, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/jnlecg/lbh062
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00754078

P. Combes, M. Lafourcade, and T. Mayer, The trade-creating effects of business and social networks: evidence from France, Journal of International Economics, vol.66, issue.1, pp.1-29, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jinteco.2004.07.003
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00268768

P. Combes, T. Magnac, and J. Robin, The dynamics of local employment in France, Journal of Urban Economics, vol.56, issue.2, pp.217-243, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jue.2004.03.009
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00279073

P. Combes, T. Mayer, and J. Thisse, Economic Geography, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00536078

P. Combes and H. G. Overman, The spatial distribution of economic activities in the European Union, Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, pp.64-2845, 2004.

B. Crépon and R. Duhautois, Ralentissement de la productivit?? et r??allocations d'emplois : deux r??gimes de croissance, Economie et statistique, vol.367, issue.1, pp.69-82, 2003.
DOI : 10.3406/estat.2003.7307

H. L. De-groot, G. Linders, P. Rietveld, and U. Subramanian, The Institutional Determinants of Bilateral Trade Patterns, Kyklos, vol.87, issue.1, pp.103-123, 2004.
DOI : 10.1162/003355300555475

M. P. Devereux, R. Griffith, and H. Simpson, The geographic distribution of production activity in the UK, Regional Science and Urban Economics, vol.34, issue.5, pp.533-564, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0166-0462(03)00073-5

P. J. Diggle, Statistical analysis of spatial point patterns, 2003.

G. Dumais, G. Ellison, and E. L. Glaeser, Geographic Concentration as a Dynamic Process, Review of Economics and Statistics, vol.19, issue.2, pp.193-204, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0166-0462(99)00020-4

J. Dunlevy, The influence of corruption and language on the protrade effect of immigrants: Evidence from the American States, The Review of Economics and Statistics, vol.88, issue.1, pp.182-186, 2006.

G. Duranton, P. Martin, T. Mayer, and F. Mayneris, Les pôles de compétitivité: Que peut-on en attendre ? Centre pour la Recherche Économique et ses Applications, 2008.

G. Duranton and H. G. Overman, Testing for Localization Using Micro-Geographic Data, Review of Economic Studies, vol.72, issue.4, pp.1077-1106, 2005.
DOI : 10.1111/0034-6527.00362

G. Duranton and H. G. Overman, EXPLORING THE DETAILED LOCATION PATTERNS OF U.K. MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES USING MICROGEOGRAPHIC DATA*, Journal of Regional Science, vol.2, issue.3-4, pp.213-243, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.0547.x

G. Duranton and D. Puga, Nursery Cities: Urban Diversity, Process Innovation, and the Life Cycle of Products, American Economic Review, vol.91, issue.5, pp.1454-1477, 2001.
DOI : 10.1257/aer.91.5.1454

G. Duranton and D. Puga, Micro-foundations of urban agglomeration economies, Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, pp.48-2063, 2004.
DOI : 10.3386/w9931

J. Eaton and A. Tamura, Bilateralism and Regionalism in Japanese and U.S. Trade and Direct Foreign Investment Patterns, Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, vol.8, issue.4, pp.478-510, 1994.
DOI : 10.1006/jjie.1994.1025

G. Ellison and E. L. Glaeser, Geographic Concentration in U.S. Manufacturing Industries: A Dartboard Approach, Journal of Political Economy, vol.105, issue.5, pp.889-927, 1997.
DOI : 10.1086/262098

G. Ellison and E. L. Glaeser, The Geographic Concentration of Industry: Does Natural Advantage Explain Agglomeration?, American Economic Review, vol.89, issue.2, pp.311-316, 1999.
DOI : 10.1257/aer.89.2.311

G. Ellison, E. L. Glaeser, and W. Kerr, What causes industry agglomeration? Evidence from coagglomeration patterns, American Economic Review forthcoming, 2010.

. Feenstra, Advanced International Trade: Theory and Evidence, 2003.

R. C. Feenstra, U. S. imports, 1972?1994: Data and concordance, Working Paper 5515, National Bureau of Economic Research, 1996.

L. Foster, J. Haltiwanger, and C. Syverson, Reallocation, Firm Turnover, and Efficiency: Selection on Productivity or Profitability?, American Economic Review, vol.98, issue.1, pp.394-425, 2008.
DOI : 10.1257/aer.98.1.394

A. S. Fotheringham and D. W. Wong, The Modifiable Areal Unit Problem in Multivariate Statistical Analysis, Environment and Planning A, vol.55, issue.7, pp.1025-1044, 1991.
DOI : 10.1068/a231025

M. Fujita, T. Mori, J. V. Henderson, and Y. Kanemoto, Spatial distribution of economic activities in Japan and China, Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, pp.65-2911, 2004.

M. Fuss and D. Mcfadden, Production Economics: a Dual Approach to Theory and Applications, 1978.

C. Gehlke and K. Biehl, Certain Effects of Grouping upon the Size of the Correlation Coefficient in Census Tract Material, Journal of the American Statistical Association, vol.29, issue.185A, pp.169-170, 1934.
DOI : 10.1080/01621459.1934.10506247

S. Girma and Z. Yu, The link between immigration and trade: Evidence from the United Kingdom, Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, vol.48, issue.1, pp.115-130, 2002.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02707326

E. L. Glaeser, Agglomeration and Spatial Equilibrium, Cities, 2008.

E. L. Glaeser, H. Kallal, J. Scheinkman, and A. Schleifer, Growth in Cities, Journal of Political Economy, vol.100, issue.6, pp.1126-1152, 1992.
DOI : 10.1086/261856

E. L. Glaeser and D. Maré, Cities and Skills, Journal of Labor Economics, vol.19, issue.2, pp.316-342, 2001.
DOI : 10.1086/319563

D. Gould, Immigrant Links to the Home Country: Empirical Implications for U.S. Bilateral Trade Flows, The Review of Economics and Statistics, vol.76, issue.2, pp.302-316, 1994.
DOI : 10.2307/2109884

C. Gourieroux, A. Monfort, and A. Trognon, Pseudo Maximum Likelihood Methods: Applications to Poisson Models, Econometrica, vol.52, issue.3, pp.701-721, 1984.
DOI : 10.2307/1913472

Z. Griliches and J. Mairesse, Production Functions: The Search for Identification, NBER Working Papers National Bureau of Economic Research, vol.5067, 1995.
DOI : 10.1017/CCOL521633230.006

R. Guillain, L. Gallo, and J. , Agglomeration and dispersion of economic activities in Paris and its surroundings: An exploratory spatial data analysis, 2007.

G. Hanson, Market potential, increasing returns, and geographic concentration, Journal of International Economics, vol.67, pp.1-24, 2005.
DOI : 10.3386/w6429

C. Harris, The market as a factor in the localization of industry in the United States, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, vol.44, pp.315-348, 1954.

K. Head and T. Mayer, The empirics of agglomeration and trade, Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, pp.59-2609, 2004.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01027789

K. Head and T. Mayer, Regional wage and employment responses to market potential in the EU, Regional Science and Urban Economics, vol.36, issue.5, pp.573-594, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2006.06.002
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00754132

K. Head, T. Mayer, and J. Ries, The erosion of colonial trade linkages after independence, Journal of International Economics, vol.81, issue.1, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jinteco.2010.01.002
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01024396

K. Head, T. Mayer, and J. Ries, How remote is the offshoring threat?, European Economic Review, vol.53, issue.4, pp.429-444, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2008.08.001
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01066173

K. Head and J. Ries, Immigration and Trade Creation: Econometric Evidence from Canada, The Canadian Journal of Economics, vol.31, issue.1, pp.47-62, 1998.
DOI : 10.2307/136376

J. Hellerstein, D. Neumark, and K. Troske, Wages, productivity, and worker characteristics, Journal of Labor Economics, vol.13, issue.3, pp.409-446, 1999.
DOI : 10.4324/9780203799918.ch9

J. V. Henderson, The sizes and types of cities, American Economic Review, vol.64, issue.4, pp.640-56, 1974.

J. V. Henderson, Efficiency of resource usage and city size, Journal of Urban Economics, vol.19, issue.1, pp.47-70, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/0094-1190(86)90030-6

J. V. Henderson, Externalities and Industrial Development, Journal of Urban Economics, vol.42, issue.3, pp.449-470, 1997.
DOI : 10.1006/juec.1997.2036

J. V. Henderson, Marshall's scale economies, Journal of Urban Economics, vol.53, issue.1, pp.1-28, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0094-1190(02)00505-3

J. V. Henderson, A. Kuncoro, and M. Turner, Industrial Development in Cities, Journal of Political Economy, vol.103, issue.5, pp.1067-1090, 1995.
DOI : 10.1086/262013

M. Herander and L. Saavedra, Exports and the Structure of Immigrant-Based Networks: The Role of Geographic Proximity, Review of Economics and Statistics, vol.85, issue.1, pp.323-335, 2005.
DOI : 10.1257/jep.14.1.177

T. J. Holmes, S. Lee, and . Forthcoming, Cities as Six-by-Six-Mile Squares
DOI : 10.7208/chicago/9780226297927.003.0004

T. J. Holmes and J. J. Stevens, Geographic Concentration and Establishment Scale, Review of Economics and Statistics, vol.86, issue.1, pp.682-690, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/0304-4076(86)90021-7

T. J. Holmes and J. J. Stevens, Spatial distribution of economic activities in North America, Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, pp.63-2797, 2004.

D. Holt, D. Steel, M. Tranmer, and N. Wrigley, Aggregation and Ecological Effects in Geographically Based Data, Geographical Analysis, vol.5, issue.Supplement, pp.244-261, 1996.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1538-4632.1996.tb00933.x

J. Jacobs, The Economy of Cities, 1969.

H. Jayet and N. Bolle-ukrayinchuk, The location of immigrants in France, mimeo, 2007.

D. Kaufmann, A. Kraay, and M. Mastruzzi, Governance matters VI: Aggregate and individual governance indicators, 1996.

T. Klier and D. Mcmillen, EVOLVING AGGLOMERATION IN THE U.S. AUTO SUPPLIER INDUSTRY*, Journal of Regional Science, vol.58, issue.1, pp.245-267, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-9787.2008.00549.x

R. Koenker and J. G. Bassett, Regression Quantiles, Econometrica, vol.46, issue.1, pp.33-50, 1978.
DOI : 10.2307/1913643

J. Kolko, Can I Get Some Service Here? Information Technology, Service Industries, and the Future of Cities, SSRN Electronic Journal, 1999.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.985712

J. Kolko, forthcoming. Urbanization, agglomeration, and co-agglomeration of service industries The Economics of Agglomeration

P. Krugman, Increasing Returns and Economic Geography, Journal of Political Economy, vol.99, issue.3, pp.483-99, 1991.
DOI : 10.1086/261763

J. Levinsohn and A. Petrin, Estimating Production Functions Using Inputs to Control for Unobservables, Review of Economic Studies, vol.70, issue.2, pp.317-342, 2003.
DOI : 10.1111/1467-937X.00246

R. J. Lucas, On the mechanics of economic development, Journal of Monetary Economics, vol.22, issue.1, pp.3-42, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0304-3932(88)90168-7

R. J. Lucas, Externalities and Cities, Review of Economic Dynamics, vol.4, issue.2, pp.245-274, 2001.
DOI : 10.1006/redy.2000.0108

E. Marcon and F. Puech, Evaluating the geographic concentration of industries using distance-based methods, Journal of Economic Geography, vol.3, issue.4, pp.409-428, 2003.
DOI : 10.1093/jeg/lbg016
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00372646

E. Marcon and F. Puech, Measures of the geographic concentration of industries: improving distance-based methods, Journal of Economic Geography, vol.10, issue.5, 2007.
DOI : 10.1093/jeg/lbp056
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00372617

J. Marschak and W. Andrews, Random Simultaneous Equations and the Theory of Production, Econometrica, vol.12, issue.3/4, pp.143-205, 1944.
DOI : 10.2307/1905432

A. Marshall, Principles of Economics, 8th Edition, 1890.

P. Martin, T. Mayer, and F. Mayneris, Spatial concentration and firm-level productivity in France, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, vol.6858, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01066174

F. Maurel and B. Sédillot, A measure of the geographic concentration in french manufacturing industries, Regional Science and Urban Economics, vol.29, issue.5, pp.575-604, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0166-0462(99)00020-4

J. Mccallum, National borders matter: Canada-u.s. regional trade patterns, American Economic Review, vol.85, issue.3, pp.615-638, 1995.

M. J. Melitz, The Impact of Trade on Intra-Industry Reallocations and Aggregate Industry Productivity, Econometrica, vol.71, issue.6, pp.1695-1725, 2003.
DOI : 10.1111/1468-0262.00467

M. J. Melitz and G. I. Ottaviano, Market Size, Trade, and Productivity, Review of Economic Studies, vol.75, issue.1, pp.295-316, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-937X.2007.00463.x

P. C. Melo, D. J. Graham, and R. B. Noland, A meta-analysis of estimates of urban agglomeration economies, Regional Science and Urban Economics, vol.39, issue.3, pp.332-342, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2008.12.002

C. Menon, The bright side of MAUP: an inquiry on the determinants of industrial agglomeration in the United States. Working Paper, 2008.

D. Millimet and T. Osang, Do state borders matter for U.S. intranational trade? The role of history and internal migration, Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'??conomique, vol.82, issue.1, pp.93-126, 2007.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.00401.x

R. L. Moomaw, Productivity and City Size: A Critique of the Evidence, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol.96, issue.4, pp.675-88, 1981.
DOI : 10.2307/1880747

E. Moretti, Workers' Education, Spillovers, and Productivity: Evidence from Plant-Level Production Functions, American Economic Review, vol.94, issue.3, pp.656-690, 2004.
DOI : 10.1257/0002828041464623

T. Mori, K. Nishikimi, and T. E. Smith, A Divergence Statistic for Industrial Localization, Review of Economics and Statistics, vol.39, issue.4, pp.635-651, 2005.
DOI : 10.2307/2938198

B. R. Moulton, An Illustration of a Pitfall in Estimating the Effects of Aggregate Variables on Micro Units, The Review of Economics and Statistics, vol.72, issue.2, pp.334-338, 1990.
DOI : 10.2307/2109724

K. Munshi, Networks in the Modern Economy: Mexican Migrants in the U. S. Labor Market, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol.118, issue.2, pp.549-599, 2003.
DOI : 10.1162/003355303321675455

R. Nakamura, Agglomeration economies in urban manufacturing industries: A case of Japanese cities, Journal of Urban Economics, vol.17, issue.1, pp.108-124, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/0094-1190(85)90040-3

V. Nocke, A Gap for Me: Entrepreneurs and Entry, Journal of the European Economic Association, vol.4, issue.5, pp.929-956, 2006.
DOI : 10.1162/JEEA.2006.4.5.929

T. Okubo, P. M. Picard, and J. Thisse, The spatial selection of heterogeneous firms. Discussion Paper 6978, C.E.P.R, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00754412

G. S. Olley and A. Pakes, The Dynamics of Productivity in the Telecommunications Equipment Industry, Econometrica, vol.64, issue.6, pp.1263-98, 1996.
DOI : 10.2307/2171831

S. Openshaw and P. Taylor, A million of so correlation coefficients: Three experiments on the modifiable areal unit problem, Statistical Applications in the Spatial Sciences. Pion London, pp.127-144, 1979.

G. Ottaviano and J. Thisse, Agglomeration and economic geography Cities and geography, Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, pp.58-2563, 2004.

J. V. Pepper, Robust inferences from random clustered samples: an application using data from the panel study of income dynamics, Economics Letters, vol.75, issue.3, pp.341-345, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0165-1765(02)00010-1

D. Puga, The magnitude and causes of agglomeration economies. Working Paper 2009-09, 2009.

P. Ranjan and J. Y. Lee, CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE, Economics & Politics, vol.85, issue.2, pp.191-218, 2007.
DOI : 10.1023/B:JOEG.0000031425.72248.85

J. Rauch, Does History Matter Only When It Matters Little? The Case of City-Industry Location, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol.108, issue.3, pp.843-867, 1993.
DOI : 10.2307/2118410

J. Rauch, Networks versus markets in international trade, Journal of International Economics, vol.48, issue.1, pp.7-35, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-1996(98)00009-9

J. Rauch, Business and Social Networks in International Trade, Journal of Economic Literature, vol.39, issue.4, pp.1177-1203, 2001.
DOI : 10.1257/jel.39.4.1177

J. Rauch and V. Trindade, Ethnic Chinese Networks in International Trade, Review of Economics and Statistics, vol.85, issue.5, pp.116-130, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00031-X

S. Redding and A. Venables, Economic geography and international inequality, Journal of International Economics, vol.62, issue.1, pp.53-82, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jinteco.2003.07.001

H. D. Reynolds, The modifiable areal unit problem: Empirical analysis by statistical simulation, 1998.

J. Roback, Wages, Rents, and the Quality of Life, Journal of Political Economy, vol.90, issue.6, pp.1257-1278, 1982.
DOI : 10.1086/261120

S. Rosen, Wage-based indexes of urban quality of life Current Issues in Urban Economics, 1979.

S. S. Rosenthal and W. C. Strange, Geography, Industrial Organization, and Agglomeration, Review of Economics and Statistics, vol.86, issue.2, pp.377-393, 2003.
DOI : 10.2307/1885259
URL : http://surface.syr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1106&context=cpr

S. S. Rosenthal and W. C. Strange, Evidence on the nature and sources of agglomeration economies, Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, pp.49-2119, 2004.

S. S. Rosenthal and W. C. Strange, The attenuation of human capital spillovers, Journal of Urban Economics, vol.64, issue.2, pp.373-389, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jue.2008.02.006

S. S. Rosenthal, W. C. Strange, and . Forthcoming, Small Establishments/Big Effects
DOI : 10.7208/chicago/9780226297927.003.0010

S. Silva, J. Tenreyro, and S. , The Log of Gravity, Review of Economics and Statistics, vol.31, issue.02, pp.641-658, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-4076(98)00033-5

B. Silverman, Density Estimation for Statistics and Data Analysis, 1986.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4899-3324-9

D. Staiger and J. H. Stock, Instrumental variables regression with weak instruments, Econometrica, vol.65, issue.3, pp.557-586, 1997.
DOI : 10.3386/t0151

D. Starrett, Market allocations of location choice in a model with free mobility, Journal of Economic Theory, vol.17, issue.1, pp.21-37, 1978.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-0531(78)90120-5

W. C. Strange, Viewpoint: Agglomeration research in the age of disaggregation, Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'??conomique, vol.63, issue.1, pp.1-27, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1540-5982.2008.01497.x

X. Thierry, Evolution de l'immigration en France et éléments de comparaison avec le Royaume-Uni, Population, vol.5, pp.725-764, 2004.
DOI : 10.2307/3655013

A. Turrini and T. Van-ypersele, Legal costs as barriers to trade, 2006.

D. Wagner, K. Head, and J. Ries, Immigration and the Trade of Provinces, Scottish Journal of Political Economy, vol.49, issue.5, pp.507-532, 2002.
DOI : 10.1111/1467-9485.00245

N. Wallace and D. Walls, Agglomeration economies and the high-tech computer cluster, 2004.

F. Windmeijer, GMM for panel count data models. Bristol Economics Discussion Papers 06, 2006.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.936579
URL : http://hdl.handle.net/10419/79313

J. M. Wooldridge, Cluster-Sample Methods in Applied Econometrics, American Economic Review, vol.93, issue.2, pp.133-138, 2003.
DOI : 10.1257/000282803321946930