? t?? s???t? ??????tr?t??? ??t? ??????s ? c ? t?? s?st?? ??????s ??t?st????? ????? ???t??t???s ?? t?? s???t? ??????tr?t???? ?r t??r??? ???t??t???s? ?r ?????ts ?r?s??t ??t??? t?? ??tr??? ?r??? t?? s?st? ,
?s???r?? ?s ? s???t? r?s?r???r? ?s t?? ??????t? ??s?r??t??? ?? t?? ?r??t? ????t?? ?r???ss ????s t?? ,
??? t?? ?rr????t???s ??s?r???? ?? t?? ?r?s??t ??r? ??r? ??r??r??? ??t? t?? ?????? ??????r?t?r? ???? ?t t?? ????? ????r?t?r? ??rs??? ?r?????? ?Ps ??t?, p.16 ,
? t?? str???t? ?? t?? s???t? r?s?r???r ?s r??????? ?????s? t?? s???t? ?s s?r??? ???r ? ??r??r ??????? ?? 3 N P ? ?s t?? s???t? ,
? t?? ?Ps s???? ??? ?s ?s????tr?? ??t? ? t??? t???r? s?????r s???s ?? t?? ?Ps ?r? s ,
? t?? ?Ps s??? ??? s??t??? ??str???t???s t??t ?r? ?ss????t?? ??t? t?? ??? ??????t?t??? t???? ??q??? ???s? ????t?t???s ?r? ?????? r???t?? t? t?? ??????t? ?? ??r??r ,
?P s?r????? ???r? t?? ??tt?r ?s ???s???r?? ? s???t? r?s?r???r ???r? ??????? ??? ??r ?????r ?rr????t??? ??????s? ? s????? ????r?t??? ?? s?t????t?s ??????t?s ?t ???r??s??? ??st????s ?r?? t?? ?P s?r????? ???? s???rs?t?r?t??? ?r??t?? ?? ??t? t?? ?P ??? t?? ?rst ????r?t??? ?? s?t????t?s ???r????s ? t?r?s???? ?????? ???r? ??????? ?s t?? s?t????t?s ???s? t? t?? ?P s?r???? ?r? s?st???t?????? ??r??r t??? t??s? ??r ?r ??r? r????t??? ???t? ?t ??? ???? ?s??? ? ??r? s????st?? ??t?? ????? s???tr?s???? ?????s?s s????? t??t ?rr????t??? ??????s ??s?r??r ?? t?? ?r?st?????? ???????s?? ????r?s ???????? s??? t?? ?????t??? ?? t?? s?t????t? s??? ??str???t??? ????? ?s ,
s?st??s ? ?? ??????? ??t? ??st???t st???s? ????rs?t?r?t??? r????? ?s s??? ?s t?? s???t? ?s ,
??? ??t???r??s? ? ??? ?rst ??t???r? ?s ?ss????t?? ??t? t?? s? ?????? ?????r??t????? ???? ??st?? ??????? ??r?? t?? ?????? ?s r?str??t?? t? t?? ??s????????t ?? s???t? ?t??s ?r?? t?? ?r?????t?t?s t? t?? ??tr??? ??? ,
??r?t?r?s ????r? ???? s???s t?? ?s??r???r?? s?????? ?t ?s ?????s?? ?? s???r???? ??? ???? ??s??rs?? ?? ?Ps? ??? ??rr?s??????? ??P ????r? ????? ?s ?s????tr?? ??t? ? s???? t??? t???r? t?? ??r??r s???s? ??? ?P ???? s??? ?s ?st???t?? t?, ??? ?rr????t?? ?t ??? ? ?? ??? ??rr?s??????? ??P ?s s???t?? t???r? ??r??r s???s? ???r??s ? t??? ?s ??s???? t???r? t?? s?????r s???s? ???s ??rr?s????s t? t?? ??s?????r??? ?? ????? ?Ps ??? t?? ?r??t? ?? ??r??r ?Ps ???????? ???s? t?? ???r??? ?P s??? ?s ???r??s?? t? ????? ??? t?? s??? ??s??rs??? ?s ?????? ,
8 × 10 16 cm ?2 ? ?t t?? s??? t???? t?? s??? ??s??rs??? ?s s????????t?? r?????? ?s ?????r?? t? t?? ???rr?????? s?????? ?t ??? ? ? ??r?? sq??r?s?? ??t? t?? s??? ??? t?? ??s??rs? ,
? t? t?? t?? ?rr????t??? t????r?t?r?s? ?s t?? st?????st?t? s??? ?t ?? ?? ? ? ?s ????r t??? t??t ?t ?? ??? ? ?? ??r t?? ??tt?r ?Ps ??? ?r?? t???r? ??r??r s???s? ?? ???? s??? ?? ????t?r ? t??t ?rr????t??? ????r t?? ??????t?, ??? t?? ?P? ?? ???? t??t? ?t t?? ????????? ?? t?? ?rr????t???? C I (R) < C I (R eq s )? ???s? t??? ??? ?r?? t???r? t?? st?????st?t? s??? ??r ????? C I (R) = C I (R eq s )? ,
??t??r t?? s??? ??r t?? s??? ??str???t???? ?t t?? s??? t???? t?? ???s?t? ?? t?? ?Ps r?????s ???r?? ???st??t? ???s t????r?t?r? ?s ???s? t? t?? ?r?t???? t????r?t?r? ???r? ?????st?? ,
?? s??? t??t t?? ?????t??? ?? t?? ?r?????? t?t? ???s? ????r ?rr????t??? ?s s????ss????? ??s?r???? ?? ?? ?st???? r?r ??????t??? ?s ???? ?s t?? s?r???? t??s??? ??? t?? ???? ????s???t? ?? s????? ????r ?rr????t??? ?s ?st???t??? ???????? ??r??t ??? ????rs? ?st???? r??????? ?r???ss?s ????r ?rr????t??? ?r? s?st???t?????? ????st???t?? ??? t?? ???st??? t???r?t???? ,