S. Thomas, Enhanced Oil Recovery : An Overview. Oil & Gas Science and Technology -Rev, IFP, vol.63, pp.9-19, 2008.

R. Terry, Enhanced oil recovery Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology, pp.503-521, 2000.

J. Letorneau, Oilfield Hacks and Future Oil Prices. Seeking Alpha, 2007.

E. Guyon, J. Hulin, and L. Petit, Ref Type: Electronic Citation 5, 2001.

P. De-gennes, F. Brochard-wyart, and D. Quere, Capillarity and wetting phenomena: drops, bubbles, pearls, waves, 2004.
DOI : 10.1007/978-0-387-21656-0

M. Muskat, The Flow of Fluids Through Porous Media, Journal of Applied Physics, vol.8, issue.4, p.274, 1937.
DOI : 10.1063/1.1710292

P. Saffman and G. Taylor, The Penetration of a Fluid into a Porous Medium or Hele-Shaw Cell Containing a More Viscous Liquid, Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, vol.245, issue.1242, pp.312-341, 1958.
DOI : 10.1098/rspa.1958.0085

P. Saffman, Viscous fingering in Hele-Shaw cells, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.58, issue.-1, pp.73-94, 1986.
DOI : 10.1063/1.864406

J. Hou, Z. Liu, S. Zhang, X. Yue, and Y. J. , The role of viscoelasticity of alkali/surfactant/polymer solutions in enhanced oil recovery, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, vol.47, issue.3-4, pp.219-254, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.petrol.2005.04.001

A. Farouq and S. Thomas, A Realistic Look at Enhanced Oil Recovery, Scientia Iranica, vol.1, pp.219-249, 1994.

V. Nguyen, A. Sheppard, M. Knackstedt, V. Pinczewski, and W. , The effect of displacement rate on imbibition relative permeability and residual saturation, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, vol.52, issue.1-4, pp.54-70, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.petrol.2006.03.020

W. Dongmei, R. S. Seright, S. Zhenbo, and W. Jinmei, Key Aspects of Project Design for Polymer Flooding at the Daqing Oilfield, SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering, vol.109682, 2008.

R. Needman and P. Doe, Polymer Flooding Review, SPE Journal of Petroleum Technology, vol.17140, 1987.

R. Seright, M. Seheult, and T. Talashek, Injectivity Characteristics of EOR Polymers, SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering, vol.115142, 2009.

W. T. Osterloh and E. J. Law, Polymer Transport and Rheological Properties for Polymer Flooding in the North Sea Captain Field. SPE 39694, SPE/DOE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium, pp.1-1, 1998.

M. Zirnsak and D. Boger, Axisymmetric entry flow of semi-dilute xanthan gum solutions: prediction and experiment, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, vol.79, issue.2-3, pp.105-141, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-0257(98)00104-9

N. Kohler and G. Chauveteau, Xanthan Polysaccharide Plugging Behavior in Porous Media - Preferential Use of Fermentation Broth, Journal of Petroleum Technology, vol.33, issue.02, 1981.
DOI : 10.2118/7425-PA

D. Bonn and J. Meunier, Viscoelastic Free-Boundary Problems: Non-Newtonian Viscosity vs Normal Stress Effects, Physical Review Letters, vol.79, issue.14, pp.2662-2667, 1997.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.2662

W. Yupu, . He, and . Liu, Commercial Success of Polymer Flooding in Daqing Oilfield. Lessons Learned. SPE 100855, SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition, pp.1-1, 2006.

. Wang, . Demin, . Sun, . Yingjie, Y. Wang et al., Producing More Than 75% of Daqing Oil Field's Production by IOR, What Experiences Have Been Learnt? SPE 77871, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 23 Society of Petroleum Engineers Inc. SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, pp.1-1, 2002.

H. Pascal and F. Pascal, On viscoelastic effects in non-Newtonian steady flows through porous media, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 24, pp.17-35, 1989.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00134740

J. Slattery, Flow of viscoelastic fluids through porous media, AIChE Journal, vol.13, issue.6, pp.1066-71, 1967.
DOI : 10.1002/aic.690130606

R. Chhabra and J. Richardson, Non-Newtonian Flow and Applied Rheology: Engineering Applications, 2008.

I. Gucuyener, M. Kok, and T. Batmaz, End Effect Evaluation in Rheological Measurement of Drilling Fluids Using Coutte Coaxial Cylinder Viscometer, Energy Sources, vol.16, issue.5, pp.441-450, 2002.
DOI : 10.1080/00908310252889942

D. Malkus, W. Pritchard, and M. Yao, The hole-pressure effect and viscometry, Rheologica Acta, vol.40, issue.6, pp.521-555, 1992.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00367007

R. Srinivasan, The hole pressure problem: On the Higashitani-Pritchard theory for transverse and axial slots, Rheologica Acta, vol.14, issue.2, pp.107-125, 1987.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01331968

P. De-souza-mendes, N. Mnf, P. Varges, and F. Marchesini, Flow of viscoplastic liquids through axisymmetric expansions???contractions, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, vol.142, issue.1-3, pp.207-224, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2006.09.007

P. Yue, J. Dooley, and J. Feng, A general criterion for viscoelastic secondary flow in pipes of noncircular cross section, Journal of Rheology, vol.52, issue.1, pp.315-347, 2008.
DOI : 10.1122/1.2817674

G. Mckinley, W. Raiford, R. Brown, and R. Armstrong, Nonlinear dynamics of viscoelastic flow in axisymmetric abrupt contractions, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.200, issue.-1, pp.411-56, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0377-0257(82)85003-9

M. Mackay and C. Petrie, Estimates of apparent elongational viscosity using the fibre spinning and ?pure? methods, Rheologica Acta, vol.14, issue.4, pp.281-93, 1989.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01329337

D. M. Jones and K. Walters, Extensional Viscosity Effects in EOR. SPE 18070, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, pp.1-1, 1988.

R. Lenormand, C. Zarcone, and A. Sarr, Mechanisms of the displacement of one fluid by another in a network of capillary ducts, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 35, pp.337-53, 1983.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2509(81)80048-6

R. Lenormand, E. Touboul, and C. Zarcone, Numerical models and experiments on immiscible displacements in porous media, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.291, issue.-1, pp.165-87, 1988.
DOI : 10.1017/S0022112083003110

S. Wilson, The Taylor???Saffman problem for a non-Newtonian liquid, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.3, issue.-1, pp.413-438, 1990.
DOI : 10.1038/325041a0

A. Lindner, D. Bonn, C. Eugenia, M. Amar, and J. Meunier, Viscous fingering in non-Newtonian fluids, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.469, pp.237-56, 2002.
DOI : 10.1017/S0022112002001714

D. Wang, . Cheng, . Jiecheng, . Yang, . Qingyan et al., Viscous-Elastic Polymer Can Increase Microscale Displacement Efficiency in Cores. SPE 63227, Society of Petroleum Engineers Inc. SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2000.

A. Zaitoun and N. Kohler, Two-Phase Flow Through Porous Media: Effect of an Adsorbed Polymer Layer, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, pp.1-1, 1988.
DOI : 10.2118/18085-MS

M. Ke-chin, T. Masashi, M. Shoichi, and T. , 1D Simulation of Polymer Flooding Including the Viscoelastic Effect of Polymer Solution, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 41, 1992.

E. Allen and D. V. Boger, The Influence of Rheological Properties on Mobility Control in Polymer-Augmented Waterflooding. SPE 18097, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, pp.1-1, 1988.

D. Camilleri, A. Fil, G. Pope, B. Rouse, and K. Sepehrnoori, Improvements in Physical-Property Models Used in Micellar/Polymer Flooding, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 43, 1987.
DOI : 10.2118/12723-PA

. Xia, . Huifen, . Ju, . Ye, . Kong et al., Effect of Elastic Behavior of HPAM Solutions on Displacement Efficiency under Mixed Wettability Conditions. SPE 90234, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, pp.1-1, 2004.

. Xia, . Huifen, . Wang, . Demin, . Wu et al., Elasticity of HPAM Solutions Increases Displacement Efficiency under Mixed Wettability Conditions. SPE 88456, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 45 SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, pp.1-1, 2004.

Y. Hongjun, . Demin, . Wang, . Huiying, and . Zhong, Study on Flow Behavoirs of Viscoelastic Polymer Solution in Micropore With Dead End. SPE 101950, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 46 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, pp.1-1, 2006.

H. Barnes, J. Hutton, and K. Walters, An introduction to rheology 48. Huh, C and Pope, G. Residual Oil Saturation From Polymer Floods: Laboratory Measurements and Theoretical Interpretation. SPE 99653, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 47 SPE/DOE Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery, pp.1-1, 1989.

W. Demin, . Gang, . Wang, . Wenxiang, . Wu et al., The Influence of Viscoelasticity on Displacement Efficiency--From Micro-to Macroscale. SPE 109016, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 49 Society of Petroleum Engineers. SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, pp.1-1, 2007.

. Huifen, . Xia, . Demin, . Wang, . Wenxiang et al., Effect of the Viscoelasticity of Displacing Fluids on the Relationship of Capillary Number and Displacement Efficiency in Weak Oil-Wet Cores. SPE 109228, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 50 Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, pp.1-1, 2007.

. Haifeng, . Jiang, . Wenxiang, . Wu, . Demin et al., The Effect of Elasticity on Displacement Efficiency in the Lab and Results of High Concentration Polymer Flooding in the Field. SPE 115315, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 51 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, pp.1-1, 2008.

. Huifen, . Xia, . Demin, . Wang, . Gang et al., Mechanism of the Effect of Micro-Forces on Residual Oil in Chemical Flooding. SPE 114335, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 52 SPE/DOE Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery, pp.1-1, 2008.

W. Demin, . Huifen, . Xia, Y. Shuren, and W. Gang, The Influence of Visco-Elasticity on Micro Forces and Displacement Efficiency in Pores, Cores and in the Field, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 53 SPE EOR Conference at Oil & Gas West Asia, pp.1-1

C. Guo, . Peihui, . Han, . Zhenbo, . Shao et al., History Matching Method for High Concentration Viscoelasticity Polymer Flood Pilot in Daqing Oilfield. SPE 144538, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 54 SPE Enhanced Oil Recovery Conference, pp.1-1, 2011.

W. Demin, . Gang, . Wang, . Huifen, . Xia et al., Incremental Recoveries in the Field of Large Scale High Viscous-Elastic Fluid Flooding are Double that of Conventional Polymer Flooding. SPE 146473, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 55 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, pp.1-1, 2011.

W. Demin, . Gang, . Wang, and X. Huifen, Large Scale High Visco-Elastic Fluid Flooding in the Field Achieves High Recoveries. SPE 144294, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 56 SPE Enhanced Oil Recovery Conference, pp.1-1, 2011.

. Markus, . Buchgraber, . Torsten, . Clemens, M. Louis et al., The Displacement of Viscous Oil by Associative Polymer Solutions. SPE 122400, Ref Type: Conference Proceeding 57 Society of Petroleum Engineers. SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, pp.1-1, 2009.

H. Barnes, A handbook of elementary rheology. University of Wales, Institute of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 2000.

J. Dealy and R. Larson, Structure and rheology of molten polymers: from structure to flow behavior and back again, 2006.
DOI : 10.3139/9783446412811

F. Trouton, On the Coefficient of Viscous Traction and Its Relation to that of Viscosity, Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, vol.77, issue.519, pp.426-466, 1906.
DOI : 10.1098/rspa.1906.0038

D. Jones, K. Walters, and P. Williams, On the extensional viscosity of mobile polymer solutions, Rheologica Acta, vol.4, issue.1, pp.20-30, 1987.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01332680

D. Boger, A highly elastic constant-viscosity fluid, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, vol.3, issue.1, pp.87-91, 1977.
DOI : 10.1016/0377-0257(77)80014-1

D. Boger and H. Nguyen, A model viscoelastic fluid, Polymer Engineering and Science, vol.12, issue.13, pp.1037-1080, 1978.
DOI : 10.1002/pen.760181311

R. Binnington and D. Boger, Remarks on non-shear thinning elastic fluids, Polymer Engineering and Science, vol.14, issue.2, pp.133-141, 1986.
DOI : 10.1002/pen.760260204

K. Tam, T. Moussa, and C. Tiu, Ideal elastic fluids of different viscosity and elasticity levels, Rheologica Acta, vol.2, issue.2, pp.112-132, 1989.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01356972

J. Uhl and R. Prud-'homme, On the anomalous normal stresses of polyacrylamide solutions reported by Boger and Cable, Rheologica Acta, vol.14, issue.2, pp.243-247, 1983.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01332376

V. Sibillo, M. Simeone, and S. Guido, Break-up of a Newtonian drop in a viscoelastic matrix under simple shear flow, Rheologica Acta, vol.33, issue.5, pp.449-56, 2004.
DOI : 10.1007/s00397-004-0374-7

J. Stokes, L. Graham, N. Lawson, and D. Boger, Swirling flow of viscoelastic fluids. Part 1. Interaction between inertia and elasticity, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.429, pp.67-115, 2001.
DOI : 10.1017/S0022112000002883

J. Stokes, L. Graham, N. Lawson, and D. Boger, Swirling flow of viscoelastic fluids. Part 2. Elastic effects, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.429, pp.117-53, 2001.
DOI : 10.1017/S0022112000002901

V. Gauri and K. Koelling, Extensional rheology of concentrated poly(ethylene oxide) solutions, Rheologica Acta, vol.39, issue.6, pp.555-67, 1997.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00368133

V. Gauri and K. Koelling, The motion of long bubbles through viscoelastic fluids in capillary tubes, Rheologica Acta, vol.38, issue.5, pp.458-70, 1999.
DOI : 10.1007/s003970050197

C. Vnma, J. White, and S. Muller, Transient behavior of Boger fluids under extended shear flow in a cone-and-plate rheometer, Rheologica Acta, vol.44, pp.250-61, 2005.

M. Macdonald and S. Muller, Shear rheology of polymer solutions near the critical condition for elastic instability, Rheologica Acta, vol.30, issue.2, pp.97-109, 1997.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00366816

M. Solomon and S. Muller, Flow past a sphere in polystyrene-based Boger fluids: the effect on the drag coefficient of finite extensibility, solvent quality and polymer molecular weight, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, vol.62, issue.1, pp.81-94, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0377-0257(95)01398-9

E. Quintella, S. Mendes, P. Carvalho, and M. , Displacement flows of dilute polymer solutions in capillaries, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, vol.147, issue.1-2, pp.117-145, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2007.06.009

J. Patton, K. Coats, and G. Colegrove, Prediction of Polymer Flood Performance, Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal, vol.11, issue.01, 1971.
DOI : 10.2118/2546-PA

L. Choplin, P. Carreau, and A. Kadi, Highly elastic-constant vicosity fluids, Polymer Engineering and Science, vol.1, issue.8, pp.459-64, 1983.
DOI : 10.1002/pen.760230808

A. Ait-kadi, P. Carreau, and G. Chauveteau, Rheological Properties of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide Solutions, Journal of Rheology, vol.31, issue.7, pp.537-61, 1987.
DOI : 10.1122/1.549959

P. Coussot, Rheometry of pastes, suspensions, and granular materials: applications in industry and environment, 2005.
DOI : 10.1002/0471720577

H. Sdougos, S. Bussolari, and C. Dewey, Secondary flow and turbulence in a cone-and-plate device, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.13, issue.-1, pp.379-404, 1984.
DOI : 10.1017/S0022112075001449

C. Macosko, Rheology: principles, measurements, and applications, 1994.

C. Pipe, Quantitative evaluation of the pressure drop in planar hyperbolic contraction-expansions, 2007.

P. Gondret, N. Rakotomalala, M. Rabaud, D. Salin, and P. Watzky, Viscous parallel flows in finite aspect ratio Hele-Shaw cell: Analytical and numerical results, Physics of Fluids, vol.9, issue.6, p.3, 1997.
DOI : 10.1063/1.869301

S. Younggon, Determination of shear viscosity and shear rate from pressure drop and flow rate relationship in a rectangular channel, Polymer, vol.48, pp.632-639, 2007.

J. Mcdonald, D. Duffy, and J. Anderson, Fabrication of microfluidic systems in poly(dimethylsiloxane), Electrophoresis, vol.66, issue.1, pp.27-40, 2000.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1522-2683(20000101)21:1<27::AID-ELPS27>3.0.CO;2-C

L. Choplin and P. Carreau, End effects for highly elastic-constant viscosity fluids, Rheologica Acta, vol.4, issue.2, pp.95-101, 1986.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01332128

S. Spiegelberg and G. Mckinley, Stress relaxation and elastic decohesion of viscoelastic polymer solutions in extensional flow, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, vol.67, pp.49-76, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-0257(96)01475-9

K. Piroird, C. Clanet, and D. Que¦üre¦ü, Capillary Extraction, Langmuir, vol.27, issue.15, pp.9396-402, 2011.
DOI : 10.1021/la201490m
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00997968

A. Lee, E. Shaqfeh, and B. Khomami, A study of viscoelastic free surface flows by the finite element method: Hele???Shaw and slot coating flows, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, vol.108, issue.1-3, pp.327-62, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-0257(02)00137-4

A. Lee, E. Shaqfeh, and B. Khomami, Viscoelastic effects on interfacial dynamics in air???liquid displacement under gravity stabilization, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.531, pp.59-83, 2005.
DOI : 10.1017/S0022112005004131

T. Hou, Z. Li, S. Osher, and H. Zhao, A Hybrid Method for Moving Interface Problems with Application to the Hele???Shaw Flow, Journal of Computational Physics, vol.134, issue.2, pp.236-52, 1997.
DOI : 10.1006/jcph.1997.5689

V. Hornof, Gravity Effects in the Displacement of Oil by Surfactant Solutions, SPE Reservoir Engineering, vol.2, issue.04, 1987.
DOI : 10.2118/13573-PA

F. Bretherton, The motion of long bubbles in tubes, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.194, issue.02, pp.166-88, 1961.
DOI : 10.1021/ie50601a051

A. Lubansky, D. Boger, C. Servais, A. Burbidge, and J. Cooper-white, An approximate solution to flow through a contraction for high Trouton ratio fluids, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, vol.144, issue.2-3, pp.87-97, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2007.04.002

V. Ganvir, A. Lele, R. Thaokar, and B. Gautham, Simulation of viscoelastic flows of polymer solutions in abrupt contractions using an arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) based finite element method, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, vol.143, issue.2-3, pp.157-69, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2007.02.009