S. M. Herzog and R. Hertwig, The wisdom of ignorant crowds: Predicting sport outcomes by mere recognition, Judgment and Decision Making, pp.58-72, 2011.

P. Andersson, J. Edman, and M. Ekman, Predicting the World Cup 2002 in soccer: Performance and confidence of experts and non-experts, International Journal of Forecasting, vol.21, issue.3, pp.565-576, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijforecast.2005.03.004

R. M. Griffith, ODDS ADJUSTMENTS BY AMERICAN HORSE-RACE BETTORS, The American Journal of Psychology, vol.62, issue.2, p.290, 1949.
DOI : 10.1142/9789812819192_0003

D. Bogros, Denis Bogros : Histoire du cheval de troupe de la cavalerie française, P.S.R. éditions, issue.0, pp.1515-1918, 2001.

B. G. Malkiel and E. F. Fama, EFFICIENT CAPITAL MARKETS: A REVIEW OF THEORY AND EMPIRICAL WORK*, The Journal of Finance, vol.29, issue.Supplement, pp.383-417, 1970.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1970.tb00518.x

A. Lo, Efficient Markets Hypothesis, Social Science Research Network, 2007.

D. History, Available: http://www.dj.com/history.asp?link=djc-topnav. [Accessed: 17-Feb, 2013.

J. Popkdewicz, Le syst??me des prix en ??conomie socialiste, Revue de l'Est, vol.4, issue.3, pp.49-63, 1973.
DOI : 10.3406/receo.1973.1163

F. A. Hayek, Socialist Calculation: The Competitive `Solution', Economica, vol.7, issue.26, p.125, 1940.
DOI : 10.2307/2548692

L. Von-ahn, Human Computation, IEEE 24th International Conference on Data Engineering, pp.1-2, 2008.

L. Von-ahn, S. Ginosar, M. Kedia, and M. Blum, Improving Image Search with PHETCH, 2007 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP '07, pp.1209-1212, 2007.
DOI : 10.1109/ICASSP.2007.367293

L. Von-ahn, Games with a Purpose, Computer, vol.39, issue.6, pp.92-94, 2006.
DOI : 10.1109/MC.2006.196

L. Von-ahn, B. Maurer, C. Mcmillen, D. Abraham, and M. Blum, reCAPTCHA: Human-Based Character Recognition via Web Security Measures, Science, vol.321, issue.5895, pp.1465-1468, 2008.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1160379

Y. Gingold, A. Shamir, and D. Cohen-or, Micro perceptual human computation for visual tasks, ACM Transactions on Graphics, vol.31, issue.5, pp.1-11912, 2012.
DOI : 10.1145/2231816.2231817

J. Pavlus, Adding Human Intelligence to Software | MIT Technology Review Available: http://www.technologyreview.com/news/421236/adding-human- intelligence-to-software/. [Accessed: 17-Feb-2013]. [18] Introduction to reCAPTCHA. 2010. [19] " reCAPTCHA: Stop Spam, Read Books, MIT Technology Review. [Online]

J. Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds, Reprint. Anchor, 2005.

S. F. Galton, The Wisdom of Crowds: Vox Populi, Vox Populi, p.450, 1907.

L. Page, S. Brin, R. Motwani, and T. Winograd, The PageRank Citation Ranking: Bringing Order to the Web, 1999.

M. Böhringer and P. Helmholz, What are they Thinking?' -Accessing Collective Intelligence in Twitt, PROCEEDINGS, p.49, 2011.

P. Petrov, Systematisierung und Bewertung von Beteiligungsprozessen und partizipativen Strukturen, 2012.

K. R. Nielsen, User-Generated Ads ; Brugergenererede Reklamer: En analyse af reklametypens udfordringer og potentialer, 2008.

M. D. Sykora-martin and . Sykora, Wired 14.06: The Rise of CrowdsourcingAccessed: 17-Feb-2013]. [31] " iStockphoto : banque de photos, illustrations vectorielles, musique et vidéos libres de droits | iStock FR, pp.17-2013, 2012.

I. Liotard, Transferts de connaissances sur internet et innovation??: le r??le de nouveaux interm??diaires, Innovations, vol.39, issue.3, 2012.
DOI : 10.3917/inno.039.0049

A. Kittur, E. H. Chi, and B. Suh, Crowdsourcing user studies with Mechanical Turk, Proceeding of the twenty-sixth annual CHI conference on Human factors in computing systems , CHI '08, pp.453-456, 2008.
DOI : 10.1145/1357054.1357127
URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.158.2320

A. Sorokin and D. Forsyth, Utility data annotation with Amazon Mechanical Turk CVPRW '08, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, pp.1-8, 2008.
DOI : 10.1109/cvprw.2008.4562953
URL : http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.324.1540

M. Negri and Y. Mehdad, Creating a bi-lingual entailment corpus through translations with Mechanical Turk: \$100 for a 10-day rush, Proceedings of the NAACL HLT 2010 Workshop on Creating Speech and Language Data with Amazon's Mechanical Turk, pp.212-216, 2010.

A. J. Quinn and B. B. Bederson, Human computation, Proceedings of the 2011 annual conference on Human factors in computing systems, CHI '11, pp.1403-1412, 2011.
DOI : 10.1145/1978942.1979148

C. Hu, B. B. Bederson, P. Resnik, and Y. Kronrod, MonoTrans2, Proceedings of the 2011 annual conference on Human factors in computing systems, CHI '11, pp.1133-1136, 2011.
DOI : 10.1145/1978942.1979111

M. Parameswaran and A. B. Whinston, Social Computing: An Overview, Communications of the Association for Information Systems, vol.19, issue.1, 2007.

B. Lewis, Harnessing Your Projects: Using Project Management Techniques and Basecamp in Libraries, " presented at the Association of College and Research Libraries, 2011.

S. J. Of, I. Chicago, and S. M. , Whose space is MySpace? A content analysis of MySpace profiles, U. of I. at Urbana-Champaign, and J. S. U. of I. at Chicago, 2008.

L. Figaro-formation, Le marché florissant des serious games Available: http://www.lefigaro.fr/formationle-marche- florissant-des-serious-games-.php. [Accessed: 17-Feb, 2010.

L. Von-ahn, R. Liu, and M. Blum, Peekaboom, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in computing systems , CHI '06, pp.55-64, 2006.
DOI : 10.1145/1124772.1124782

L. Von-ahn and L. Dabbish, Labeling images with a computer game, Proceedings of the 2004 conference on Human factors in computing systems , CHI '04, pp.319-326, 2004.
DOI : 10.1145/985692.985733

S. Jain and D. C. Parkes, The role of game theory in human computation systems, Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD Workshop on Human Computation, HCOMP '09, pp.58-61, 2009.
DOI : 10.1145/1600150.1600171

M. Pinkowski, L. Jacobsen, A. Jørgensen, E. Zukanovich, and F. Brandt, Social kompetencedannelse i World of Warcraft, 2012.

E. K. Technology, World of Warcraft: The Viability of Massively Multiplayer Online Role- Playing Games as Platforms for Modeling and Evaluating Perfect Competition, 2010.

C. Daseking, Geld in PC-Spielen -Inflation in World of Warcraft, 2007.

G. Gumari, Empirische Sozialforschung 2.0 am Beispiel von World of Warcraft, 2009.

T. W. Malone, R. Laubacher, and C. Dellarocas, The collective intelligence genome, IEEE Engineering Management Review, vol.38, issue.3, p.38, 2010.
DOI : 10.1109/EMR.2010.5559142

E. H. Lawrence, Floor versus Automated Trading Systems : A Survey of the Issues, " presented at the Financial Markets Group Conference " The Future of Exchanges: Strategic Choices Ahead, London School of Economics, 2000.

J. Mcandrews and C. Stefanadis, The Emergence of Electronic Communications Networks in the U.S. Equity Markets Federal Reserve Bank of, 2000.

V. Lebreton, Le trading algorithmique, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00332823

J. Yang, B. Jiu, G. Butler, V. Serbin, X. Wang et al., Algorithm Selection: A Quantitative Approach, In: Algorithmic Trading II -Precision, pp.26-34, 2006.

S. Laruelle, Analyse d'Algorithmes Stochastiques Appliqués à la Finance, 2011.

T. Hendershott and R. Riordan, Algorithmic Trading and Information, SSRN Electronic Journal
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.1472050

C. T. Brownlees, F. Cipollini, and G. M. Gallo, Intra-daily Volume Modeling and Prediction for Algorithmic Trading

A. Madhavan, VWAP Strategies

P. Gomber and M. Gsell, Algorithmic trading engines versus human traders: Do they behave different in securities markets?, Center for Financial Studies Frankfurt, 2009.

S. Raghavendra, D. Paraschiv, and L. Vasiliu, A Framework for Testing Algorithmic Trading Strategies, 2008.

M. N. Alonso, Statistical Arbitrage and Algorithmic Trading : overview and applications Available: http://e-spacio.uned.es/fez/view.php?pid=tesisuned:CiencEcoEmp- Mnoguer. [Accessed: 18-Feb, 2010.

A. Chaboud, B. Chiquoine, E. Hjalmarsson, and C. Vega, Rise of the Machines: Algorithmic Trading in the Foreign Exchange Market, SSRN Electronic Journal
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.1501135

G. Kim and H. M. Markowitz, Investment rules, margin, and market volatility, The Journal of Portfolio Management, vol.16, issue.1, pp.45-52, 1989.
DOI : 10.3905/jpm.1989.409233

M. Overmars, A multi-agent system framework for agent coordination and communication enabling algorithmic trading, 2012.

F. Ren, M. Zhang, and K. M. Sim, Adaptive conceding strategies for automated trading agents in dynamic, open markets, Decision Support Systems, vol.46, issue.3, pp.704-716, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.dss.2008.11.005

H. Prast, Investor psychology: a behavioural explanation of six finance puzzles

T. Béchu, E. Bertrand, and J. Nebenzahl, L'analyse technique : Théories et méthodes, 6e édition, Economica, 2008.

R. Rhea, The Dow Theory. Barron's, 1932.

K. Brown, Trend Trading: Timing Market Tides, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/9781119202257

X. Liu, X. Liang, and N. Wang, Emergence of trend trading and its effects in minority game, Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, pp.771-779, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.physa.2006.01.089

R. A. Stevenson and R. M. Bear, COMMODITY FUTURES: TRENDS OR RANDOM WALKS?, The Journal of Finance, vol.39, issue.2, pp.65-81, 1970.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1970.tb00414.x

A. Skabar and I. Cloete, Neural networks, financial trading and the efficient markets hypothesis, Aust. Comput. Sci. Commun, vol.24, issue.1, pp.241-249, 2002.

S. Basu, INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE OF COMMON STOCKS IN RELATION TO THEIR PRICE-EARNINGS RATIOS: A TEST OF THE EFFICIENT MARKET HYPOTHESIS, The Journal of Finance, vol.I, issue.3, pp.663-682, 2012.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1977.tb01979.x

Y. Seo, J. A. Giampapa, and K. Sycara, Financial news analysis for intelligent portfolio management. Citeseer, 2004.

K. Sycara, D. Zeng, and K. Decker, Intelligent Agents in Portfolio Management, Agent Technology: Foundations, Applications, and Markets, p.267, 1998.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-662-03678-5_14

W. F. De-bondt and R. H. Thaler, Do security analysts overreact?, The American Economic Review, pp.52-57, 1990.

K. Daniel, D. Hirshleifer, and A. Subrahmanyam, Investor Psychology and Security Market Under- and Overreactions, The Journal of Finance, vol.51, issue.Supplement, pp.1839-1885, 1998.
DOI : 10.1111/0022-1082.00077

H. Hong and J. C. Stein, A Unified Theory of Underreaction, Momentum Trading, and Overreaction in Asset Markets, The Journal of Finance, vol.51, issue.6, pp.2143-2184, 1999.
DOI : 10.1111/0022-1082.00184

G. Mitra and L. Mitra, The Handbook of News Analytics in Finance, 2011.
DOI : 10.1002/9781118467411

C. Bozic and D. Seese, News Analytics: Exploring Predictive Power of Aggregated Text Sentiment Measure, Proceedings of Annual Paris Conference on Money, Economy and Management, 2011.

B. Klimt and Y. Yang, The Enron Corpus: A New Dataset for Email Classification Research, Machine Learning: ECML 2004, pp.217-226, 2004.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-540-30115-8_22

R. Sullivan, A. Timmermann, and H. White, Data-Snooping, Technical Trading Rule Performance, and the Bootstrap, The Journal of Finance, vol.64, issue.1997, pp.1647-1691, 1999.
DOI : 10.1111/0022-1082.00163

P. Cahen, Signaux faibles, mode d'emploi: Déceler les tendances, 2010.

S. A. Ross, The arbitrage theory of capital asset pricing. Rodney L. White Center for Financial Research, 1973.

H. Wang and X. Zhu, An Integrated Information System for Financial Investment, 1969.

D. Feng, Z. Yan, J. Østergaard, Z. Xu, D. Gan et al., Simulation embedded artificial intelligence search method for supplier trading portfolio decision, IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol.4, issue.2, 2010.
DOI : 10.1049/iet-gtd.2009.0096

J. Wang, X. Zhu, and Q. Sun, Integrate Artificial Intelligence Techniques into Financial Investment Information System, 2006.

D. Chiu and K. Hsu, The Investment Strategy Decision Support System Applying Rule-based Neural Network and Trading Rules Extracted from Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors by Data Mining, 2002.

P. E. Fischer and R. E. Verrecchia, Public information and heuristic trade
DOI : 10.1016/s0165-4101(98)00046-9

A. Sokolov, T. Kieu, and A. Melatos, A note on the theory of fast money flow dynamics, The European Physical Journal B, vol.9, issue.4, pp.637-642, 2010.
DOI : 10.1140/epjb/e2010-00223-2

R. Cont, Statistical Modeling of High Frequency Financial Data: Facts, Models and Challenges, SSRN Electronic Journal, 2011.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.1748022
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00704766

G. Nuti, M. Mirghaemi, P. Treleaven, and C. Yingsaeree, Algorithmic Trading, Computer, vol.44, issue.11, pp.61-69, 2011.
DOI : 10.1109/MC.2011.31

S. Wray, W. Luk, and P. Pietzuch, Exploring algorithmic trading in reconfigurable hardware, ASAP 2010, 21st IEEE International Conference on Application-specific Systems, Architectures and Processors, pp.325-328, 2010.
DOI : 10.1109/ASAP.2010.5540966

B. Collingsworth and R. Menezes, Identification of Social Tension in Organizational Networks, pp.209-223, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-01206-8_18

M. Dredze, T. Brooks, J. Carroll, J. Magarick, J. Blitzer et al., Intelligent email, Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces, IUI '08, pp.321-324, 2008.
DOI : 10.1145/1378773.1378820

Y. Zhou, Mining Organizational Emails for Social Networks with Application to Enron Corpus, 2011.

M. Lim, M. Negnevitsky, and J. Hartnett, A Fuzzy Approach For Detecting Anomalous Behaviour in E-mail Traffic Australian Digital Forensics Conference, 2006.

R. Das, B. Qian, S. Raman, R. Vernon, J. Thompson et al., Structure prediction for CASP7 targets using extensive all-atom refinement with Rosetta@home, Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics, vol.100, issue.200, pp.118-128, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/prot.21636

S. Cooper, F. Khatib, A. Treuille, J. Barbero, J. Lee et al., Predicting protein structures with a multiplayer online game, Nature, vol.6, issue.7307, pp.756-760, 2010.
DOI : 10.1038/nature09304

S. Cooper, F. Khatib, I. Makedon, H. Lu, J. Barbero et al., Analysis of social gameplay macros in the Foldit cookbook, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Foundations of Digital Games, FDG '11, pp.9-14, 2011.
DOI : 10.1145/2159365.2159367

F. Khatib, F. Dimaio-cooper, S. Kazmierczyk, M. Gilski, M. Krzywda et al., Foldit Contenders Group Foldit Void Crushers Group, 2011.

R. Ishima, D. A. Torchia, S. M. Lynch, A. M. Gronenborn, and J. M. Louis, Solution Structure of the Mature HIV-1 Protease Monomer: INSIGHT INTO THE TERTIARY FOLD AND STABILITY OF A PRECURSOR, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.278, issue.44, pp.43311-43319, 2003.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M307549200

S. Cooper, A. Treuille, J. Barbero, A. Leaver-fay, K. Tuite et al., The challenge of designing scientific discovery games, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games, FDG '10, pp.40-47, 2010.
DOI : 10.1145/1822348.1822354

|. Trading, |. Trader-forex, |. Forex, |. Trading-de-devises, and . Broker, Forex Available: http://www.fxcm.fr/. [Accessed: 19-Feb-2013]. [125] NFA Case GAIN CAPITAL Brokers -Les Business Models? -Comparaison de? -Zoom sur un Broker? -Comparaison des? -Addict FX : Forex, Trading, Systèmes et Backtests, 2010.

D. Fxcm and =. Forex, 9942-no-dealing-desk-de-fxcm-argument-marketing/. [Accessed: 19-Feb-2013]. [129 NFA - National Futures Association Available: https://www.nfa.futures.org/index.asp. [Accessed: 19-Feb-2013]. [130] " 4xSentinel -MetaTrader Virtual Dealer Plug-in detection tool Available: http://4xtrader Fair Trade : Ablynx victime d'un fat finger, 2011.

J. M. Kleinberg, Authoritative sources in a hyperlinked environment, Journal of the ACM, vol.46, issue.5, pp.604-632, 1999.
DOI : 10.1145/324133.324140

J. Bollen, H. Mao, and X. Zeng, Twitter mood predicts the stock market, Journal of Computational Science, vol.2, issue.1, pp.1-8, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jocs.2010.12.007

A. Vincent and M. Armstrong, Predicting Break-Points in Trading Strategies with Twitter, SSRN Electronic Journal, 2010.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.1685150

D. J. Leinweber, Nerds on Wall Street: Math, Machines and Wired Markets, 2009.
DOI : 10.1002/9781119201113

H. Chen, P. De, Y. J. Hu, and B. Hwang, Customers as Advisors: The Role of Social Media in Financial Markets, SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.2024086

C. Oh and O. R. Sheng, Investigating Predictive Power of Stock Micro Blog Sentiment in Forecasting Future Stock Price Directional Movement, ICIS 2011 Proceedings, 2011.

R. Tumarkin and R. F. Whitelaw, News or noise? Internet postings and stock prices Financial Analysts Journal, pp.41-51, 2001.

B. E. Hilbig, Precise models deserve precise measures: A methodological dissection, Judgment and Decision Making, vol.5, issue.4, pp.272-284, 2010.

D. G. Goldstein and G. Gigerenzer, Models of ecological rationality: The recognition heuristic., Psychological Review, vol.109, issue.1, p.75, 2002.
DOI : 10.1037/0033-295X.109.1.75

W. Gaissmaier and J. N. Marewski, Forecasting elections with mere recognition from small, lousy samples: A comparison of collective recognition, wisdom of crowds, and representative polls, Judgment and Decision Making, vol.6, issue.1, pp.73-88, 2011.

P. Andersson, D. Memmert, and E. Popowicz, Forecasting outcomes of the World Cup 2006 in football: Performance and??confidence of bettors and laypeople, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, vol.10, issue.1, pp.116-123, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.psychsport.2008.07.008

R. Baddour, Is There a Correlation Between World Cups and S&P 500 Performance? Available at SSRN 1624822, 2010.

A. W. Lo and A. C. Mackinlay, Data-Snooping Biases in Tests of Financial Asset Pricing Models, Review of Financial Studies, vol.3, issue.3, pp.431-467, 1990.
DOI : 10.1093/rfs/3.3.431

N. N. Taleb, The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable, Re-issue. Penguin, 2008.

D. Rumsfeld-known and . Unknown, Surprise dans le champ stratégique (suite et fin : 5/5) -Egeablog Available: http://www.egeablog.net/dotclear/index, pp.3-9, 2011.

D. G. Goldstein and G. Gigerenzer, Models of ecological rationality: The recognition heuristic., Psychological Review, vol.109, issue.1, p.75, 2002.
DOI : 10.1037/0033-295X.109.1.75

P. Todd and S. Kirby, I like what I know: How recognition-based decisions can structure the environment Advances in Artificial Life, pp.166-175, 2001.

A. R. Otto and B. C. Love, You don't want to know what you're missing, Judgment and Decision Making, vol.5, 2010.

A. Whinston and H. Rui, Social Media as an Innovation - The Case of Twitter, Scholarly Paper ID 1564205, 2010.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.1564205

F. Allen and R. Karjalainen, Using genetic algorithms to find technical trading rules1Helpful comments were made by Adam Dunsby, Lawrence Fisher, Steven Kimbrough, Paul Kleindorfer, Michele Kreisler, James Laing, Josef Lakonishok, George Mailath, and seminar participants at Institutional Investor, J.P. Morgan, the NBER Asset Pricing Program, Ohio State University, Purdue University, the Santa Fe Institute, Rutgers University, Stanford University, University of California, Berkeley, University of Michigan, University of Pennsylvania, University of Utah, Washington University (St. Louis), and the 1995 AFA Meetings in Washington, D.C. We are particularly grateful to Kenneth R. French (the referee), and G. William Schwert (the editor) for their suggestions. Financial support from the National Science Foundation is gratefully acknowledged by the first author and from the Academy of Finland by the second and from the Geewax-Terker Program in Financial Instruments by both. Correspondence should be addressed to Franklin Allen, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6367.1, Journal of Financial Economics, vol.51, issue.2, pp.245-271, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-405X(98)00052-X

A. Hirabayashi, C. Aranha, and H. Iba, Optimization of the trading rule in foreign exchange using genetic algorithm, Proceedings of the 11th Annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation, GECCO '09, pp.1529-1536, 2009.
DOI : 10.1145/1569901.1570106

D. E. Goldberg, Genetic algorithms in search, optimization, and machine learning, 1989.

R. V. Hogg and A. T. Craig, Introduction to Mathematical Statistics, 1970.

M. H. Pesaran and A. Timmermann, Market timing and return prediction under model instability, Journal of Empirical Finance, vol.9, issue.5, pp.495-510, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0927-5398(02)00007-5
URL : http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/24932/1/dp412.pdf

A. K. Systems and C. Man, Human based genetic algorithm, IEEE International Conference on, pp.3464-3469, 2001.

S. Cho, Towards creative evolutionary systems with interactive genetic algorithm, Applied Intelligence, vol.16, issue.2, pp.129-138, 2002.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1013614519179

S. Cho and J. Lee, A human-oriented image retrieval system using interactive genetic algorithm, " Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans, IEEE Transactions on, vol.32, issue.3, pp.452-458, 2002.

H. Kim and S. Cho, Application of interactive genetic algorithm to fashion design, Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, vol.13, issue.6, pp.635-644, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0952-1976(00)00045-2

T. Masui, Graphic object layout with interactive genetic algorithms, Proceedings IEEE Workshop on Visual Languages, pp.74-80, 1992.
DOI : 10.1109/WVL.1992.275781

J. R. Smith, Designing biomorphs with an interactive genetic algorithm, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Genetic Algorithms, pp.535-538, 1991.

G. Venturini, M. Slimane, F. Morin, and J. A. De-beauville, On using interactive genetic algorithms for knowledge discovery in databases, Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Genetic Algorithms, pp.696-703, 1997.

A. Milani, Online genetic algorithms, 2004.

C. Cheng and A. Kosorukoff, Interactive One-Max Problem Allows to Compare the Performance of Interactive and Human-Based Genetic Algorithms, Genetic and Evolutionary Computation?GECCO 2004, pp.983-993, 2004.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-540-24854-5_98

. Tamagotchi-wikipédia, Available: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamagotchi. [Accessed: 20-Feb Le site Web Pokémon officiel | Pokemon.com, 2013.

J. W. Wilder, New concepts in technical trading systems, Greensboro, N.C.: Trend Research, 1978.

R. M. Miller, Don't Let Your Robots Grow Up To Be Traders: Artificial Intelligence, Human Intelligence, and Asset-Market Bubbles