A. Segal and M. Et-epstein, Practical consideration in designing large scall " Beam down " optical systems, Solar Energy Engineering, vol.30, 2006.

A. Ferrière, Centrales solaires thermodynamiques Edition Thechniques de l'Ingénieur, BE, vol.8, pp.903-904, 2007.

C. Vauge, Le choix solaire, une énergie qui entre dans la vie quotidienne" édition TCHOU, 1979.

C. Sasse and G. Et-ingel, The role of the optical properties of solids in solar direct absorption process" Solar Energy materials and solar celles, pp.31-61, 1993.

J. Villermaux, Les réacteurs chimiques solaires, Entropie, vol.85, pp.25-31, 1979.

D. Kunii, Chemical Reaction Engineering and Research and development of gas solid systems, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.35, issue.9, pp.1887-1911, 1980.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2509(80)80135-7

G. Flamant, Transfert de chaleur couplés dans les lits fluidisés à haute température

J. S. Botterill, Fluid-bed heat transfer, 1975.

D. Kunii and O. Levenspiel, Gross behaviour of fluidized beds" in Fluidization engineering, chap.3, 1969.

S. S. Zabrodsky, Hydrodynamics and heat transfer in fluidized beds, 1966.

L. J. Gibilaro and G. Et-hossain, Aggregate behaviour of liquid fluidized beds" chemical engineering, pp.931-938, 1986.

W. K. Lewis, E. R. Gilliland, and W. C. Bauer, Characteristics of Fluidized Particles, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, vol.41, issue.6, p.1104, 1949.
DOI : 10.1021/ie50474a004

A. B. Whitehead and D. C. Et-dent, Proceeding of the international symposium on Fluidization, pp.802-820, 1967.

C. Muller and G. Et-flamant, Suivi d'une réaction gaz-solide en lit fluidisé par mesure de la perte de charge, Entropie, vol.127, pp.37-47, 1986.

S. Ergun, Fluid flow through packed columns, Chemical Engineering Progress, vol.48, pp.89-94, 1952.
DOI : 10.1021/ie50474a011

C. Y. Wen and Y. H. Yu, A generalized method for predicting the minimum fluidization velocity, AIChE Journal, vol.12, issue.3, pp.610-612, 1966.
DOI : 10.1002/aic.690120343

R. R. Pattipati and C. T. Et-wen, Minimum fluidization velocity at high temperatures, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development, vol.20, issue.4, pp.705-708, 1981.
DOI : 10.1021/i200015a022

J. S. Botterill, Y. Teoman, and K. R. Et-yuregir, The effect of operating temperature on the velocity of minimum fluidization, bed voidage and general behaviour, Powder Technology, vol.31, issue.1, pp.31-101, 1982.
DOI : 10.1016/0032-5910(82)80009-0

K. Svoboda and M. Et-hartman, Derivations of actual minimum fluidization velocities from theoretical predictions at different temperatures, pp.866-869, 1981.

B. Formisani, R. Girimonte, and L. Et-mancuso, Analysis of the fluidization process of particle beds at high temperature, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.53, issue.5, pp.951-961, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0009-2509(97)00370-9

S. A. Wu and J. Et-baeyens, Effect of operating temperature on minimum fluidization velocity, Powder Technology, vol.67, issue.2, pp.217-220, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/0032-5910(91)80158-F

J. F. Stubington, D. Barret, and G. Et-lowry, On the minimum fluidising velocity of coalderived chars at elevated temperature, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.10, pp.1516-1518, 1984.

M. Nakamura, Y. Hamada, S. Toyama, A. E. Fouda, and L. E. Et-capes, An experimental investigation of minimum fluidization velocity at elevated temperatures and pressures, The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, vol.10, issue.2, pp.8-13, 1985.
DOI : 10.1002/cjce.5450630103

M. Hartman and K. Et-svoboda, Predicting the effect of operating temperature on the minimum fluidization velocity, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development, vol.25, issue.3, pp.649-654, 1986.
DOI : 10.1021/i200034a009

B. Kozanoglu, J. Welti, D. Gracia, and J. P. Et-santos, Hydrodynamics of large particle fluidization in reduced pressure operations: an experimental study, Powder Technology, vol.125, issue.1, pp.55-60, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0032-5910(01)00524-1

B. Kozanoglu, J. L. Patino, and J. Et-welti, Hydrodynamics of a superheated steam vacuum fluidized bed, Powder Technology, vol.150, issue.3, pp.168-175, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.powtec.2005.01.008

R. Coltters and A. L. Et-rivas, Minimum fluidation velocity correlations in particulate systems, Powder Technology, vol.147, issue.1-3, pp.34-48, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.powtec.2004.06.013

T. E. Broadhurst and H. A. Becker, Onset of fluidization and slugging in beds of uniform particles, AIChE Journal, vol.21, issue.2, p.238, 1975.
DOI : 10.1002/aic.690210204

J. F. Richardson, Incipient fluidisation and particulate system, 1971.

S. P. Babu, . Shah-b, and A. Et-talwakar, Fluidization correlation for coal gazeification materials, minimum fluidization velocity and fluidised bed expansion ratio, pp.176-186, 1978.

J. R. Grace, Handbook of multiphase systems, 1982.

D. C. Chitester and R. M. Et-kornosky, Characteristics of fluidization at high pressure, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.39, issue.2, pp.253-261, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2509(84)80025-1

M. Hartman, O. Trnka, and K. Et-svoboda, Fluidization characteristics of dolomite and calcined dolomite particles, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.55, issue.24, pp.6269-6274, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0009-2509(00)00409-7

M. Leva, Fluidization, 1959.

K. Doichev and N. S. Et-akhmakov, Fluidisation of polydisperse systems, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.34, issue.11, pp.1357-1359, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2509(79)80032-9

A. Lucas, J. Arnaldos, J. Casal, and L. Et-puigjaner, Improved equation for the calculation of minimum fluidization velocity, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development, vol.25, issue.2, pp.426-429, 1986.
DOI : 10.1021/i200033a013

B. Murachman, Hydrodynamique et transferts thermiques dans les lits fluidisés par les gaz, Thèse de doctorat en Génie de Procédés, présentées à l'Institut National, 1990.

J. Baeyens and D. Et-geldart, Predictive calculations of flow parameters in gas fluidised beds and fluidization behaviour of powders. Fluidization and its applications, Cepadues Edition, p.263, 1973.

S. C. Sexana and V. L. Ganzha, Heat transfer to immersed surfaces in gas-fluidized beds of large particles and powder characterization, Powder Technology, vol.39, issue.2, pp.199-208, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/0032-5910(84)85037-8

M. Stein, Y. L. Ding, J. P. Seville, and D. J. Et-parker, Solids motion in bubbling gas fluidised beds, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.55, issue.22, pp.5291-5300, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0009-2509(00)00177-9

K. Ohki and T. Shirai, Particle velocity in fluidised bed, In: D. Keairns, Fluidisation Technology, vol.1, 1975.

H. T. Bi, N. Ellis, I. A. Abba, and J. Et-grace, A state-of-the-art review of gas???solid turbulent fluidization, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.55, issue.21, pp.4789-4825, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0009-2509(00)00107-X

L. Reh, Fluidized bed processing, Chemical Engineering Progress, vol.67, pp.58-61, 1971.

R. R. Cranfield and D. Et-geldart, Large particle fluidisation, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.29, issue.4, pp.935-947, 1974.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2509(74)80085-0

J. F. Davidson and D. Et-harrison, fluidized particles, 1963.
DOI : 10.1007/978-94-015-8518-7_12

R. C. Darton, L. Nauze, R. D. Davidson, J. F. Et-harrison, and D. , Bubble growth due to coalescence in fluidised beds, Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers, vol.55, pp.274-280, 1977.

G. R. Duursma, D. H. Glass, S. J. Rix, and M. I. Et-yorquez-ramirez, PIV investigations of flow structures in the fluidised bed freeboard region, Powder Technology, vol.120, issue.1-2, pp.2-11, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0032-5910(01)00340-0

A. Haider and O. Et-levenspiel, Drag coefficient and terminal velocity of spherical and nonspherical particles, Powder Technology, vol.58, issue.1, pp.63-70, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/0032-5910(89)80008-7

J. Yamada, Y. Kurosaki, and T. Et-morikawa, Radiation emitted from fluidizing particles adjacent to a heated surface in a fluidized bed, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, vol.40, issue.1, pp.104-113, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S1290-0729(00)01199-6

G. Olalde, Etude théorique et expérimentale du chauffage d'un gaz s'écoulant à travers un matériaux poreux soumis au rayonnement solaire concentré, Thèse de doctorat en Sciences physiques, 1981.

D. W. Gregg, R. W. Taylor, J. H. Campbell, J. R. Taylor, and A. Et-cotton, Solar gasification of coal, activated carbon, coke and coal and biomass mixtures, Solar Energy, vol.25, issue.4, pp.353-364, 1980.
DOI : 10.1016/0038-092X(80)90347-3

R. W. Taylor, R. Berjoan, and J. P. Et-couture, Solar gasification of carbonaceous materials, Solar Energy, vol.30, issue.6, pp.513-525, 1983.
DOI : 10.1016/0038-092X(83)90063-4

G. Flamant, D. Hernandez, C. Bonet, and J. P. Traverse, Experimental aspects of the thermochemical conversion of solar energy; Decarbonation of CaCO3, Solar Energy, vol.24, issue.4, pp.385-395, 1980.
DOI : 10.1016/0038-092X(80)90301-1

C. Royere, Les applications du four solaire de 1000 kW du CNRS à Odeillo, Entropie, vol.97, pp.147-160, 1981.

P. Haueter, S. Moeller, R. Palumbo, and A. Et-steinfeld, The production of zinc by thermal dissociation of zinc oxide???solar chemical reactor design, Solar Energy, vol.67, issue.1-3, pp.161-167, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0038-092X(00)00037-2

R. Muller, A. Haberling, and R. D. Et-palumbo, Further advances toward the development of a direct heating solar thermal chemical reactor for the thermal dissociation of ZnO(s) Solar Energy, pp.500-511, 2006.

A. Steinfeld, Solar thermochemical production of hydrogen??????a review, Solar Energy, vol.78, issue.5, pp.603-615, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.solener.2003.12.012

R. Muller and A. Et-steinfeld, Band-approximated radiative heat transfer analysis of a solar chemical reactor for the thermal dissociation of zinc oxide, Solar Energy, vol.81, issue.10, pp.1285-1294, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.solener.2006.12.006

P. K. Falcone, J. E. Noring, and C. E. Hackett, Evaluation and application of solid thermal energy carriers in a high temperature solar central receiver system, Proceedings of the 17 th Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, pp.8-12

V. P. Burolla, J. M. Hruby, and B. R. Et-steele, High temperature solar thermal energy absorption with solid particles" 19 th intersociety energy conversion engineering conference, pp.1663-1668, 1984.

J. M. Hruby and B. R. Et-steele, A solid particle central receiver for solar energy, Chemical Engineering Progress, vol.82, pp.44-47, 1986.

J. Lédé, F. Verzaro, and J. Et-villermaux, Le cyclone : un nouveau r??acteur chimique solaire gaz-solide Application ?? la mise en oeuvre en continu de la pyrolyse flash de sciure de bois, Revue de Physique Appliqu??e, vol.15, issue.3, pp.535-543, 1980.
DOI : 10.1051/rphysap:01980001503053500

A. Imhof, The cyclone reactor ??? an atmospheric open solar reactor, Solar Energy Materials, vol.24, issue.1-4, pp.733-741, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0165-1633(91)90106-U

J. S. Botterill and M. J. Virr, The contribution of fluid-bed technology to energy saving and environmental protection, Applied Energy, vol.3, issue.2, pp.139-150, 1977.
DOI : 10.1016/0306-2619(77)90025-3

M. Peyman, Etude du fonctionnement d'un échangeur de chaleur multi-étagés à couche fluidisées Thèse de doctorat présentée à l'Institut national polytechnique de toulouse, 1980.

G. Flamant, D. Gauthier, C. Boudhari, and Y. Et-flitris, A 50 kW Fluidized Bed High Temperature Solar Receiver: Heat Transfer Analysis, Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, vol.110, issue.4, pp.313-320, 1988.
DOI : 10.1115/1.3268273

G. Flamant, D. Gauthier, and A. Et-vialaron, Development of gas-solid high temperature solar receivers. The fluidised concept " 8 th Solar World Congress International Solar Energy Society. Perth No. 3, pp 1937-1942, 1983.

R. Foro, Conception et caractérisation d'un réacteur solaire à lit fluidisé annulaire

J. Lédé, J. Villermaux, C. Royere, C. Blouri, and G. Et-flamant, Utilisation de l'énergie solaire concentrée pour la pyrolyse du bois et des huiles lourdes de pétrole, Entropie, vol.110, pp.57-68, 1983.

I. M. Haddad and M. M. Et-elsayed, Transient performance fluidised bed solar receiver at various parametric conditions, Solar and Win Technology, vol.6, pp.653-659, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0741-983x(88)90063-x

. R. Muller, P. V. Zedtwitz, A. Wokaun, and A. Et-steinfeld, Kinetic investigation on steam gasification of charcoal under direct high-flux irradiation, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.58, issue.22, pp.5111-5119, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ces.2003.08.018

D. Trommer, F. Noembrini, M. Fasciana, D. Rodriguez, A. Morales et al., Hydrogen production by steam-gasification of petroleum coke using concentrated solar power?I. Thermodynamic and kinetic analyses, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol.30, issue.6, pp.605-618, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2004.06.002

P. V. Zedtwitz, W. Lipinski, and A. Steinfeld, Numerical and experimental study of gas???particle radiative heat exchange in a fluidized-bed reactor for steam-gasification of coal, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.62, issue.1-2, pp.599-607, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ces.2006.09.027

L. S. Fan and C. Et-zhu, Principles of gas-solid flows, 1998.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511530142

Y. Behjat, S. Shahhosseini, and S. H. Et-hashemabadi, CFD modeling of hydrodynamic and heat transfer in fluidized bed reactors, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, vol.35, issue.3, pp.357-368, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2007.09.011

C. C. Werdemann and J. Et-werther, Heat transfer in large-scale circulating fluidised bed combustors of different sizes, in circulating fluidised bed technology IV, pp.428-435, 1994.

H. S. Mickley and C. A. Et-trilling, Heat transfer characteristics of fluidised beds, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol.49, pp.1135-1147, 1949.

P. Basu and P. K. Nag, An investigation into heat transfer in circulating fluidised bed" Heat and mass Transfer, pp.2399-2409, 1987.

L. Stromberg, Fast fluidized bed combustion of coal, in proceedings, the 7 th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion DOE/METC-83-84, NTIS, pp.1152-1163, 1983.

L. D. Fraley, Y. Y. Lin, K. H. Hsiao, and A. Et-slobakken, Heat transfer coefficient in a circulating fluidised bed reactor, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, p.92, 1983.

G. Flamant, Y. Flitris, and D. Gauthier, Heat transfer walls high temperature fluidised bed group II particles, Chemical Engineering Progress, vol.3, pp.175-184, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0255-2701(90)87006-5

J. S. Botterill, Y. Teoman, and K. R. Et-yuregir, Factors affecting heat transfer between gas-fluidized beds and immersed surfaces, Powder Technology, vol.39, issue.2, pp.177-189, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/0032-5910(84)85035-4

W. Luan, C. J. Lim, C. M. Brereton, B. D. Bowen, and J. R. Et-grace, Experimental and theoretical study of total and radiative heat transfer in circulating fluidized beds, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.54, issue.17, pp.3749-3764, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0009-2509(99)00091-3

Q. Renzhang, H. Wendi, X. Yunsheng, and L. Et-dechang, Experimental research of radiative heat transfer in fluidized beds, Heat and Mass Transfer, vol.30, pp.827-831, 1987.

M. Eriksson and M. R. Et-golriz, Radiation heat transfer in circulating fluidized bed combustors, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, vol.44, issue.4, pp.399-409, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2004.11.006

P. Basu and P. K. Et-nag, Heat transfer to walls of a circulating fluidized-bed furnace, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.51, issue.1, pp.1-26, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2509(95)00124-7

L. Glicksman, Circulating fluidized bed heat transfer In Circulatinf Fluidized Bed Technology II, pp.13-29, 1988.

P. Basu and S. Et-fraser, Circulating fluidised bed boiler-Design and operation, 1991.

T. A. Ebert, L. R. Glincksman, and M. Et-lints, Determination of particle and gas convective heat transfer components in a circulating fluidized bed, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.48, issue.12, pp.2179-2188, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2509(93)80235-I

R. Wu, C. J. Lim, J. Chauki, and J. R. Et-grace, Heat transfer from a circulating fluidised to membrane water wall cooling surfaces, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, vol.33, pp.1888-1893, 1987.

J. C. Furchi, L. Goldtein, G. Lombardi, and M. Et-mosheni, Experimental local heat transfer in circulating fluidized bed", In circulating fluidized bed technology II, pp.263-270, 1988.

P. K. Nag and M. N. Et-ali-moral, Effect of probe size on heat transfer at the wall in circulating fluidized beds, International Journal of Energy Research, vol.67, issue.9, pp.965-974, 1990.
DOI : 10.1002/er.4440140907

M. Mahalingam and A. K. Et-kolar, Heat transfer model for the membrane wall of a high temperature circulating fluidized bed" In Circulatinf Fluidized Bed Technology III, pp.239-246, 1991.

R. J. Divillo and T. J. Boyd, Practical implications of the effect of solids suspension density on heat transfer in large scale CFB boilers ", In circulating fluidized bed technology IV, pp.334-339, 1994.

L. Jestin, P. Mayer, C. Schmitt, and J. X. Et-morin, Heat transfer in a 125 MW CFB boiler, Engineering Foundation Conference, Australia, 1992.

G. Flamant and T. Et-menigault, Combined wall-to-fluidized bed heat transfer. Bubbles and emulsion contributions at high temperature, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol.30, issue.9, pp.1803-1812, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/0017-9310(87)90239-0

G. Y. Han and Y. J. Cho, Radiative heat transfer in a circulating fluidized bed coal combustor, Powder Technology, vol.102, issue.3, pp.266-273, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0032-5910(98)00225-3

L. Jestin, Electricity de France, Private communication, 1993.

V. N. Kharchenko and K. E. Et-makhorin, The rate of heat transfer between a fluidized bed and an immersed body at high temperature, Chemical Engineering, vol.4, pp.650-654, 1964.

J. Szekeley and R. J. Et-fisher, Bed to wall radiation heat transfer in a gas-solid fluidized bed, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.24, issue.5, pp.833-849, 1965.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2509(69)85004-9

K. Yoshida, T. No, and D. Et-kunii, Mechanism of bed-wall heat transfer in a fluidized bed at high temperatures, Chemical Engineering Science, vol.29, issue.1, pp.77-82, 1974.
DOI : 10.1016/0009-2509(74)85032-3

T. Menigault, Etude des transferts de chaleur couplés dans un lit poreux bicouche sélectif chaud Thèse de doctorat présentée à l, 1992.

S. Chandrasekhar, Radiative transfer ' Dover publication, 1949.

V. K. Bituykov, V. A. Petrov, and S. V. Stepanov, Contactless measurements of the thermal conductivity of semitransparent materials at high temperatures, High Temperature. High. Pressure, vol.12, pp.229-236, 1980.

J. A. Menart, H. Skarda, L. Et-tae-kuk, and K. , Discrete Ordinates Solutions of Nongray Radiative Transfer With Diffusely Reflecting Walls, Journal of Heat Transfer, vol.115, issue.1, pp.184-193, 1993.
DOI : 10.1115/1.2910647

H. C. Hottel, A. F. Sarofim, L. B. Evans, and I. A. Et-vasalos, Radiative transfer in anisotropically scattering media allowance for fresnel reflection at the boundaries" Heat Transfer Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, pp.56-62, 1968.

W. G. Houf and R. Greif, Radiative transfer in a solar absorbing particle alden flow" Sandia report, 1985.

K. J. Daniel, N. M. Lanrendeau, and F. P. Incorpera, Prediction of Radiation Absorption and Scattering in Turbid Water Bodies, Journal of Heat Transfer, vol.101, issue.1, pp.63-67, 1979.
DOI : 10.1115/1.3450937

G. Flamant, Theoretical and experimental study of radiant heat transfer in a solar fluidized-bed receiver, AIChE Journal, vol.28, issue.4, pp.529-535, 1982.
DOI : 10.1002/aic.690280402

G. Flamant and G. Et-olalde, High temperature solar gas heating comparison between packed and fluidized bed receivers". Solar Energy, l 31, pp.463-471, 1983.
DOI : 10.1016/0038-092x(83)90050-6

M. Q. Brewster, Effective emissivity of a fluidized bed American Society of Mechanical Engineers meeting, pp.7-13, 1984.

L. M. Hruby and P. Et-falcone, Momentum and energy exchange in a solid particle solar central receiver, American Society of Mechanical Engineers and American Institute of Chemical Engineers National Heat Transfer conference, 1985.

P. K. Falcone, J. E. Noring, and L. M. Et-hruby, Assessment of a solid particle receiver for a high temperature solar central receiver system, pp.85-8208, 1985.

J. C. Chen and K. L. Et-chen, ANALYSIS OF SIMULTANEOUS RADIATIVE AND CONDUCTIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN FLUIDIZED BEDS, Chemical Engineering Communication, l9, pp.255-271, 1981.
DOI : 10.1080/00986448108911027

J. H. Jeans, The Equations of Radiative Transfer of Energy, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol.78, issue.1, pp.28-36, 1917.
DOI : 10.1093/mnras/78.1.28

N. Ozisik, Radiative transfer and interactions with conduction and convection, 1973.

A. C. Ratzel and J. R. Howell, Heat Transfer by Conduction and Radiation in One-Dimensional Planar Media Using the Differential Approximation, Journal of Heat Transfer, vol.104, issue.2, pp.388-391, 1982.
DOI : 10.1115/1.3245102

H. Lee and H. O. Buckius, Combined mode heat transfer analysis utilizing radiation scaling" Heat Transfer Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, pp.626-632, 1986.

H. Y. Li and M. N. Et-ozesik, Identification of the temperature profile in an absorbing, emitting and isotropically scattering medium by inverse analysis" Heat Transfer Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, pp.1060-1063, 1992.

J. Yang, M. Et-modest, and . Elliptic, Elliptic PDE formulation of general, three-dimensional high-order -approximations for radiative transfer, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, vol.104, issue.2, pp.217-227, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2006.07.017

M. Ghosh and S. Et-garanjai, Solution of the eqaution of transfer for coherent anisotropic scattering by double interval spherical harmonic method, Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, vol.2, pp.277-289, 2006.

S. J. Wilson and K. K. Et-sen, Annales d'Astrophysique, p.46, 1964.

R. Siegel and J. R. Et-howell, Thermal radiation heat transfer". Taylor and Franscis Hemisphere, 1992.

M. F. Modest, Radiative heat transfert, 1993.

S. W. Beak, D. Y. Byun, and S. J. Kang, The combined Monte-Carlo and finite-volume method for radiation in a two-dimensional irregular geometry, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol.43, issue.13, pp.2337-2344, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0017-9310(99)00288-4

M. I. Mishchenko, J. M. Dlugach, E. G. Yanovitskij, and N. T. Et-zakharova, Bidirectional reflectance of flat, optically thick particulate layers: an efficient radiative transfer solution and applications to snow and soil surfaces, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, vol.63, issue.2-6, pp.409-432, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-4073(99)00028-X

G. Mie, Optics of turbid media, pp.377-445, 1908.

D. Lataillade, A. Dufresne, J. L. Hafi, M. Eymet, V. Fournier et al., A net-exchange Monte Carlo approach to radiation in optically thick systems, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, vol.74, issue.5, pp.563-584, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-4073(01)00272-2

V. Eymet, R. Fournier, and J. L. Et-dufresne, A boundary-based net-exchange Monte Carlo method for absorbing and scattering thick media, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, vol.91, issue.1, pp.27-46, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.05.049

D. Lataillade, A. Blanco, S. Clegent, Y. Dufresne, J. L. Hafi et al., Monte Carlo method and sensitivity estimations, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, vol.75, issue.5, pp.529-538, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-4073(02)00027-4

J. S. Green, Division of radiative streams into internal transfer and cooling to space, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.92, issue.397, pp.319-325, 1967.
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49709339710

M. Cherkaoui, J. L. Dufresne, R. Fournier, J. Y. Grandpeix, and A. Et-lahellec, Monte Carlo Simulation of Radiation in Gases With a Narrow-Band Model and a Net-Exchange Formulation, Journal of Heat Transfer, vol.118, issue.2, pp.401-407, 1996.
DOI : 10.1115/1.2825858

V. Eymet, Simulation Monte Carlo et analyse en puissance nettes échnagées des transferts radiatifs infrarouge avec diffusion: vers une paramétrisation dans un modèle de circulation générale atmosphérique, Thèse de doctorat présentée à l'Université Paul Sabatier, 2003.

R. Fournier, Rayonnement thermique dans les gaz : analyse du couplage avec la convection naturelle, Thèse de doctorat présentée à l'Université Paul Sabatier, 1994.

F. Dupoirieux, L. Tessé, S. Avila, and J. Et-taine, An optimized reciprocity Monte Carlo method for the calculation of radiative transfer in media of various optical thickness, pp.1310-1319, 2005.

L. Tessé, F. Dupoirieux, and J. Et-taine, Monte Carlo modeling of radiative transfer in a turbulent sooty flame, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol.47, issue.3, pp.555-572, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2003.06.003

S. Andrieu, Etude expérimentale et numérique du chauffage infrarouge de plaques thermoplastiques pour le thermoformage Annexes Annexes, Thèse de Doctorat, 2005.