les trois phases successives d'excavation, on aperçoit un changement très brutal dans la réponse du modèle de Mohr- Coulomb. Dans la sixième phase, le modèle de Mohr-Coulomb surestime grandement les déplacements latéraux du rideau. 5.7 -Conclusions Dans ce chapitre, les résultats de plusieurs modélisations en élément finis d'une expérimentation en vraie grandeur ont été présentés, Cette expérience consiste en une excavation en plusieurs phases devant un rideau de palplanches butonné dans un milieu sableux, qui a ensuite été chargé et amené à l'état limite par la diminution des forces dans les butons ,
qui intervient dans la réponse en chargement de ce modèle. L'élasticité linéaire ne peut pas modéliser correctement le tassement en surface du sol et elle sous-estime l'évolution des mouvements ,
Parois moulées. Ancrages" Techniques de l'ingénieur, C252, p.12, 1988. ,
Finite Element Procedures in Engineering Analysis, Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, vol.106, issue.4, 1982. ,
DOI : 10.1115/1.3264375
Numerical simulation of excavation in elastoplastic soils" International journal for numerical and analytical methods in geomechanics, pp.231-249, 1989. ,
Foundation analysis and design, 1982. ,
Experience with finite element analysis of braced excavations in Singapore" Second international symposium on numerical models in geomechanics, pp.309-324, 1986. ,
Finite element analysis of excavation, Computers and Geotechnics, vol.1, issue.3, pp.207-220, 1985. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0266-352X(85)90024-2
Movements around excavations in London clay" Proceeding of the seventh european conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, pp.13-29, 1979. ,
A model to simulate excavations supported by nailing" Second international symposium on numerical models in geomechanics, pp.531-537, 1986. ,
Analysis of progressive deformation of the Edmonton Convention Centre excavation, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol.24, issue.3, pp.430-440, 1987. ,
DOI : 10.1139/t87-053
Simulation of excavation using finite elements, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, vol.11, issue.12, pp.1086-1089, 1974. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0148-9062(74)92115-9
Soilplasticity : theory and implementation" Developments in geotechnical engineering, 1985. ,
Plasticity for structural engineers, p.610, 1988. ,
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4612-3864-5
Constitutive equations for engineering materials, 1982. ,
ERRORS IN SIMULATING EXCAVATION IN ELASTIC MEDIA BY FINITE ELEMENTS, SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS, vol.13, issue.1, pp.1-10, 1973. ,
DOI : 10.3208/sandf1972.13.1
Stabilizing berm design for temporary walls in clay, Journal of the geotechnical engineering division, ASCE, vol.103, issue.GT12, pp.75-90, 1977. ,
Finite element analyses of retaining wall behavior Journal of the soil mechanics and foundation division, ASCE, vol.97, issue.SM12, pp.1657-1673, 1971. ,
Prediction of supported excavation movements under marginal stability conditions in clay, Third international conference on numerical methods in geomechanics, pp.1485-1502, 1979. ,
Lessons learned infinite element analyses of temporary excavations in soft clay Conference on numerical methods in geomechanics, pp.496-510, 1976. ,
Design and Performance of Excavations and Tunnels in Soft Clay, pp.659-634, 1981. ,
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-444-41784-8.50011-3
Performance oftied-back walls in clay, Journal of the geotechnical engineering division, ASCE, vol.100, issue.GT12, pp.1259-1273, 1974. ,
Design and observation of a tied-back wall" Performance of earth and earth supported structures, Proceedings of the soil mechanics and foundation division, pp.1367-1389, 1972. ,
Courspratique de mécanique des sols" Dunod, 1983. ,
Simplifiedfinite element analysis of cm embedded retaining wall" Eleventh international conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, pp.687-690, 1985. ,
Finite element analysis of sheet pile retaining walls, p.241, 1990. ,
Modelling sheet pile retaining walls, Computers and Geotechnics, vol.15, issue.3, pp.125-143, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0266-352X(93)90009-V
Hybrid FE Procedure for Soil???Structure Interaction, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, vol.110, issue.4, pp.473-486, 1984. ,
DOI : 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1984)110:4(473)
Constitutive laws for engineering materials with emphasis on geologic materials, 1984. ,
Use of ADINA in soil mechanics with case studies for excavations, Computers & Structures, vol.17, issue.5-6, pp.635-642, 1983. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0045-7949(83)90075-5
Enceinte en paroi moulée dans des limons argileux : calculs et observations" Comptes rendus, Septième congrès européen de mécanique des sols et des travaux de fondations, pp.197-205, 1979. ,
Influence of wall stiffness and anchor prestressing on earth pressure distribution" Fifth european conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, pp.259-264, 1972. ,
Performance and analysis of a deep excavation in Lisbon" Eleventh international conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, pp.2073-2078, 1985. ,
Three dimensional analysis of flexible earth-retaining structures" Second international symposium on numerical models in geomechanics, pp.433-438, 1986. ,
Finite Element Analyses of HDR???4 Excavation, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, vol.117, issue.10, pp.1590-1609, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1991)117:10(1590)
Analysis of braced excavations with coupled finite element formulations, Computers and Geotechnics, vol.12, issue.2, pp.91-114, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0266-352X(91)90001-V
Numerical analysis of anchored reinforced diaphragm walls" Second international symposium on numerical models in geomechanics, pp.423-431, 1986. ,
Comparison of finite element and limiting equilibrium analyses for an embedded cantilever retaining wall, G??otechnique, vol.39, issue.2, pp.175-188, 1989. ,
DOI : 10.1680/geot.1989.39.2.175
Etude par éléments finis de quelques critères de plasticité orientés" Deuxième congrès international des méthodes numériques dans les sciences de l'ingénieur, GAMNI2, pp.765-775, 1980. ,
Incremental finite element analysis of geometrically altered structures, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, vol.10, issue.11, pp.2051-2064, 1984. ,
DOI : 10.1002/nme.1620201108
A model for the mechanics of jointed rock Journal of the soil mechanics and foundation division, ASCE, vol.94, issue.SM3, pp.637-659, 1968. ,
Finite element modelling of installation effects" Retaining structures, pp.46-55, 1993. ,
Guide pratique pour l'utilisation despalplanches métalliques, p.96, 1983. ,
A deep excavation in soft clay. Performance of cm anchored diaphragm wall" Fifth international conference on numerical methods in geomechanics, pp.725-730, 1985. ,
The design and construction of engineering foundations, 1090. ,
Analysis of geotechnical construction by the finite element method, 1989. ,
Analysis of construction processes in braced excavations" Tenth european conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, pp.213-217, 1991. ,
Modelling of soil nailing construction by 3-dimensional finite element analysis" Retaining structures, pp.515-528, 1993. ,
RELATIONS BETWEEN PROCESS OF CUTTING AND UNIQUENESS OF SOLUTIONS, SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS, vol.10, issue.3, pp.50-65, 1970. ,
DOI : 10.3208/sandf1960.10.3_50
Studies of the influence of non-linear stress???strain characteristics in soil???structure interaction, G??otechnique, vol.36, issue.3, pp.377-396, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1680/geot.1986.36.3.377
Sheetpile test Karlsruhe, Post-calculations, 1994. ,
Soil mechanics, 1969. ,
Finite element modelling of a strutted excavation Third international symposium on numerical models in geomechanics, pp.577-584, 1989. ,
Quelques aspects concernant la modélisation du déchargement dans les massifs de sols" Sixième colloque franco-polonais de mécanique des sols, pp.122-129, 1993. ,
Prediction of movements for braced cuts in clay, Journal of the geotechnical engineering division, ASCE, vol.107, issue.GT6, pp.759-777, 1981. ,
K 0 -OCR relationships in soil Journai of geotechnical engineering division, ASCE, vol.108, issue.GT6, pp.851-872, 1982. ,
Anisotropie de la résistance, de la déformabilité et de la perméabilité des sols, Etat des connaissances " Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées, 1988. ,
Méthodologie de détermination des paramètres des lois de comportement des sols à partir d'essais triaxiaux conventionnels" Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées, 0194. ,
Simulation numérique du comportement des sols en sollicitations homogènes -Logiciel LOIS-LCPC, p.27, 1991. ,
Sable d'Hostun. Dépouillement des essais triaxiaux de compression drainés réalisés à l'LM.G. pour le GRECO Rhéologie des géomatériaux. Exemple d'application du logiciel DOCSOL, Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées, 1991. ,
Lois de comportement des géomatériaux et modélisation par la méthode des éléments finis" Etudes et recherches des laboratoires des ponts et chaussées, série géotechnique GT 52, 0193. ,
Temporary excavation in varvedclay, Journal of the geotechnical engineering division, ASCE, vol.101, issue.GT3, pp.279-295, 1975. ,
A study of reinforced earth walls allowing strip slip" ASCE, Speciality conference on earth reinforcement, pp.618-643, 1978. ,
Slipping strip analysis of reinforced earth" International journal for numerical and analytical methods in geomechanics, pp.343-366, 1978. ,
Pore-pressure dissipation during excavation, Journal of the geotechnical engineering division, ASCE, vol.105, issue.GT4, pp.481-499, 1979. ,
Characteristics of ground surface settlement during excavation, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol.30, issue.5, pp.758-767, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1139/t93-068
Analytical Study of a Braced Excavation in Weak Clay, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol.9, issue.2, pp.145-164, 1971. ,
DOI : 10.1139/t72-016
Deep excavations and tunneling in soft grounds" Seventh international conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, pp.225-290, 1969. ,
Comportement mécanique d'une paroi expérimentale renforcée par clouage" Revue Française de Géotechnique, pp.49-60, 1995. ,
Expérimentation en vraie grandeur de trois parois clouées Comptes rendus, Dixième congrès européen de mécanique des sols et des travaux de fondations, pp.741-744, 1991. ,
The behaviour of a propped retaining wall: results of a numerical experiment, G??otechnique, vol.34, issue.3, pp.383-404, 1984. ,
DOI : 10.1680/geot.1984.34.3.383
The effect of wall stiffness on the behaviour of a propped retaining wall, G??otechnique, vol.35, issue.3, pp.347-352, 1985. ,
DOI : 10.1680/geot.1985.35.3.347
pour la conception, le calcul, l'exécution et le contrôle des soutènements réalisés par clouage des sols, p.272, 1991. ,
Murs de soutènement" Techniques de l'ingénieur, p.13, 1977. ,
Construction géotechnique" Eleventh international conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, pp.211-254, 1985. ,
Three dimensionnal finite element analysis of diaphragm wall construction" Computer methods and advances in geomechanics, pp.2493-2498, 1994. ,
Elastic analysis of soil-foundation interaction" Developments in geotechnical engineering, 1979. ,
Comportement des rideaux de palplanches : expérimentation en vraie grandeur et prédictions numériques, pp.39-47, 1995. ,
Non-linear deformations in London clay adjacent to deep excavations" Eleventh international conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, pp.2639-2640, 1985. ,
A computer model for the analysis of ground movements in London Clay, G??otechnique, vol.29, issue.2, pp.149-175, 1979. ,
DOI : 10.1680/geot.1979.29.2.149
Influence of construction technique on the performance of a braced excavation in marine clay, International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, vol.107, issue.12, pp.845-867, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1002/nag.1610161202
Deformation of deep excavations" Numerical methods in geomechanics, AS CE, pp.686-700, 1976. ,
Stress changes in stiff clay caused by the installation ofembeddedretainingwalls" Retaining structures, pp.227-236, 1993. ,
Predicted and measured behaviour of a propped embedded retaining wall in stiff clay " Eleventh international conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, pp.2265-2268, 1985. ,
Mécanique des sols appliquée aux travaux publics et au bâtiment, Traduit par J. Baudrillard et C. Meunuier, p.565, 1965. ,
Plane strain approximations infinite element analyses of temporary walls Analysis and design in geotechnical engineering, ASCE, vol.1, pp.173-197, 1974. ,
Contribution à l'étude et à la modélisation numérique des sols cloués : application au calcul en déformation des ouvrages de soutènements, 1994. ,