Fusion energy lecture notes, 2012. ,
Effect of applied toroidal electric field on the growth/decay of plateau-phase runaway electron currents in DIII-D, Nuclear Fusion, vol.51, issue.10, p.103026, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/51/10/103026
Runaway Electrons in a Plasma, Physical Review Letters, vol.31, issue.11, pp.31690-693, 1973. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.31.690
Theory for avalanche of runaway electrons in tokamaks, Nuclear Fusion, vol.37, issue.10, pp.1355-1362, 1997. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/37/10/I03
An ITPA joint experiment to study runaway electron generation and suppression, Physics of Plasmas, vol.21, issue.7, p.72506, 2014. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.4886802
DKE: A fast numerical solver for the 3D drift kinetic equation. report EUR-CEA-FC-1736, 2004. ,
Plasma Physics and Fusion Energy, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511755705
Fusion energy production from a deuterium-tritium plasma in the JET tokamak, Nuclear Fusion, vol.32, issue.2, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/32/2/I01
Volt-second analysis and consumption in Doublet III plasmas, Nuclear Fusion, vol.22, issue.10, p.1313, 1982. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/22/10/006
Volt-second consumption in tokamaks with sawtooth activity, Nucl. Fusion, vol.27, issue.6, 1989. ,
Positron Creation and Annihilation in Tokamak Plasmas with Runaway Electrons, Physical Review Letters, vol.90, issue.13, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.135004
Runaway Positrons in Fusion Plasmas, Physical Review Letters, vol.108, issue.22, p.225003, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.225003
Experimental investigation of runaway electron generation in TEXTOR, Nuclear Fusion, vol.33, issue.12, p.331775, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/33/12/I02
Disruption mitigation by massive gas injection in JET, Nuclear Fusion, vol.51, issue.12, p.51123010, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/51/12/123010
Runaway generation during disruptions in JET and TEXTOR, Journal of Nuclear Materials, vol.390, issue.391, pp.390-391, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.01.200
Electron and Ion Runaway in a Fully Ionized Gas. I, Physical Review, vol.115, issue.2, pp.238-249, 1959. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRev.115.238
Relativistic limitations on runaway electrons, Nuclear Fusion, vol.15, issue.3, pp.415-424, 1975. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/15/3/007
On the theory of runaway electrons, 1962. ,
On the theory of runaway electrons, Sov. Phys. JETP, vol.12, issue.5, pp.904-911, 1961. ,
Multiplication of accelerated electrons in a tokamak, JETP journal, vol.29, issue.218, 1979. ,
The topology of tokamak orbits, Nuclear Fusion, vol.19, issue.9, 1979. ,
Flux Coordinates and Magnetic Field Structure -A Guide to a Fundamental Tool of the Plasma Theory, Series in Computational Physics, 1991. ,
Collisional Transport in Magnetized Plasmas, 2002. ,
Thermal quench in tokamaks, Nuclear Fusion, vol.48, issue.3, p.32002, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/48/3/032002
MHD stability in X-point geometry: simulation of ELMs, Nuclear Fusion, vol.47, issue.7, pp.659-666, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/47/7/016
Disruptions in JET, Nuclear Fusion, vol.29, issue.4, pp.641-666, 1989. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/29/4/009
Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes as Powerful Particle Accelerators, Physical Review Letters, vol.106, issue.1, p.18501, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.018501
Fokker-Planck simulations mylb of knock-on electron runaway avalanche and bursts in tokamaks, Nuclear Fusion, vol.38, issue.11, pp.381711-1721, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/38/11/309
Runaway electron production in DIII-D killer pellet experiments, calculated with the CQL3D-KPRAD model, Phys. of Plasmas, vol.7, issue.11, pp.4590-4599, 2000. ,
Effective Critical Electric Field for Runaway-Electron Generation, Physical Review Letters, vol.114, issue.11, p.115002, 2015. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.115002
An advanced plasma control system for Tore Supra, Fusion Technology, vol.32, pp.471-486, 1997. ,
Noterdaeme, and the COMPASS Team. Post-disruptive runaway electron beam in COMPASS tokamak, Journal of Plasma Physics, 2015. ,
Runaway electrons and the evolution of the plasma current in tokamak disruptions, Physics of Plasmas, vol.13, issue.10, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.2358110
Trapped-electron runaway effect, Journal of Plasma Physics, vol.21, issue.04, p.81, 2015. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.25.15
URL : http://arxiv.org/abs/1504.00175
Simulation of runaway electrons during tokamak disruptions, Computer Physics Communications, vol.154, issue.3, pp.175-196, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0010-4655(03)00293-5
Experimental Observation of a Magnetic-Turbulence Threshold for Runaway-Electron Generation in the TEXTOR Tokamak, Physical Review Letters, vol.110, issue.23, p.235003, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.235003
Kinetic modelling of runaway electron avalanches in tokamak plasmas, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, vol.57, issue.9, p.95006, 2015. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0741-3335/57/9/095006
Pinch Effect for Trapped Particles in a Tokamak, Physical Review Letters, vol.25, issue.1, 1970. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.25.15
Theory of Relativity. Dover Books on Physics, 1958. ,
Runaway acceleration during magnetic reconnection in tokamaks, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, vol.44, issue.12B, pp.247-262, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0741-3335/44/12B/318
Current drive by electron Bernstein waves in spherical tokamaks, 31st EPS Conference on Plasma Phys. Europhysics Conference Abstracts, pp.2-166, 2004. ,
Synchrotron radiation from a runaway electron distribution in tokamaks, Physics of Plasmas, vol.20, issue.9, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.4821823
Numerical calculation of the runaway electron distribution function and associated synchrotron emission, Computer Physics Communications, vol.185, issue.3, pp.847-855, 2014. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.12.004
Stochastic Instability of Runaway Electrons in Tokamaks, Europhysics Letters (EPL), vol.11, issue.3, p.11, 1990. ,
DOI : 10.1209/0295-5075/11/3/006
Fast particle resonances in tokamaks, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, vol.35, issue.SB, pp.129-140, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0741-3335/35/SB/010
Alfv??nic instabilities driven by runaways in fusion plasmas, Physics of Plasmas, vol.21, issue.8, p.80702, 2014. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.4894098
Runaway electron losses caused by resonant magnetic perturbations in ITER. Plasma Phys, Control. Fusion, issue.9, p.53095004, 2011. ,
What is the fate of runaway positrons in tokamaks? Phys. of Plasmas, p.64503, 2014. ,
Phase-space dynamics of runaway electrons in tokamaks, Physics of Plasmas, vol.17, issue.9, p.92502, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.3476268
The physics of tokamak start-up, Physics of Plasmas, vol.20, issue.5, p.58101, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.4804416
Theory of current drive in plasmas, Reviews of Modern Physics, vol.59, issue.1, pp.175-234, 1987. ,
DOI : 10.1103/RevModPhys.59.175
Transformer recharging with alpha channeling in tokamaks, Journal of Plasma Physics, vol.32, issue.3-4, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1495
Current in wave-driven plasmas, Physics of Fluids, vol.29, issue.1, pp.180-192, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.865975
Comparison of the theory and the practice of lower-hybrid current drive, Physical Review A, vol.32, issue.4, pp.2554-2556, 1985. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevA.32.2554
Investigation of lhcd efficiency and transformer recharging in the EAST tokamak, Plasma Science and Technology, vol.14, issue.3, p.2012 ,
Investigations of lhw-plasma coupling and current drive in h-mode experiments in east, 24th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference, pp.6-21, 2012. ,
Confining a Tokamak Plasma with rf-Driven Currents, Physical Review Letters, vol.41, issue.13, pp.873-876, 1978. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.41.873
Creating an Asymmetric Plasma Resistivity with Waves, Physical Review Letters, vol.45, issue.9, pp.720-722, 1980. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.45.720
The peristaltic Tokamak, Plasma Physics, vol.13, issue.3, 1971. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0032-1028/13/3/008
Current generation with low-frequency waves, Phys. of Fluids, vol.21, issue.1, pp.27-39, 1981. ,
Giannone, the ASDEX Upgrade team, and the EUROfusion MST team. Generation and suppression of runaway electrons in ASDEX upgrade disruptions, 42nd EPS Conference on Plasma Physics, number P1.134, 2015. ,
The CRONOS suite of codes for integrated tokamak modelling, Nuclear Fusion, vol.50, issue.4, p.43001, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/50/4/043001
Fast electron bremsstrahlung in axisymmetric magnetic configuration, Physics of Plasmas, vol.15, issue.9, p.92509, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.2981391
Runaway beam studies during disruptions at JET-ILW, Journal of Nuclear Materials, vol.463, pp.143-149, 2014. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.10.002
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01286867
Overview of runaway electron control and mitigation experiments on Tore Supra and lessons learned in view of ITER, Fusion Science and Technology, vol.64, issue.4, pp.711-718, 2013. ,
Transport of fast electrons during LHCD in TS, JET, and ASDEX, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, vol.35, issue.SB, pp.253-262, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0741-3335/35/SB/021
Electron Heat Transport in a Tokamak with Destroyed Magnetic Surfaces, Physical Review Letters, vol.40, issue.1, 1978. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.40.38
Comparative modelling of lower hybrid current drive with two launcher designs in the Tore Supra tokamak, Nuclear Fusion, vol.53, issue.8, p.83018, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/53/8/083018
Tomography of the fast electron bremsstrahlung emission during lower hybrid current drive on TORE SUPRA, Review of Scientific Instruments, vol.70, issue.10, pp.3987-4007, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.1150025
Generation of suprathermal electrons during sawtooth crashes in a tokamak plasma, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, vol.49, issue.3, pp.1-6, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0741-3335/49/3/L01
Reinstallation of the COMPASS-D tokamak in IPP ASCR, Czechoslovak Journal of Physics, vol.98, issue.S2, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s10582-006-0188-1
Pánek1, and the COMPASS Team. Effects of plasma control on runaway electrons in the COMPASS tokamak, 42nd EPS Conference on Plasma Physics, number P4.102, 2015. ,
Reconstruction of current profile parameters and plasma shapes in tokamaks, Nuclear Fusion, vol.25, issue.11, p.25, 1985. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/25/11/007
Zwingmann, contributors to the EFDA Integrated Tokamak Modelling (ITM) Task Force, and JET-EFDA contributors. A unified approach to equilibrium reconstruction, 33rd EPS Conference on Plasma Physics, number P2.184, 2006. ,
Quantum Electrodynamics, 1971. ,
DKE: a fast numerical solver for the 3D drift kinetic equation Report EUR-CEA-FC-1736, 2004. ,
Theory for avalanche of runaway electrons in tokamaks, Nuclear Fusion, vol.37, issue.10, pp.1355-62, 1997. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/37/10/I03
Disruptions in JET, Nuclear Fusion, vol.29, issue.4, pp.641-66, 1989. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/29/4/009
Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes as Powerful Particle Accelerators, Physical Review Letters, vol.106, issue.1, p.18501, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.018501
Relativistic limitations on runaway electrons, Nuclear Fusion, vol.15, issue.3, pp.415-439, 1975. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/15/3/007
Disruption mitigation by massive gas injection in JET, Nuclear Fusion, vol.51, issue.12, p.123010, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/51/12/123010
Runaway generation during disruptions in JET and TEXTOR, Journal of Nuclear Materials, vol.390, issue.391, pp.390-391, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.01.200
Status of research toward the ITER disruption mitigation system, Physics of Plasmas, vol.22, issue.2, p.21802, 2015. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.4901251
Thermal quench in tokamaks, Nuclear Fusion, vol.48, issue.3, p.32002, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/48/3/032002
Experimental investigation of runaway electron generation in TEXTOR, Nuclear Fusion, vol.33, issue.12, p.1775, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/33/12/I02
An ITPA joint experiment to study runaway electron generation and suppression, Physics of Plasmas, vol.21, issue.7, p.72506, 2014. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.4886802
MHD stability in X-point geometry: simulation of ELMs, Nuclear Fusion, vol.47, issue.7, pp.659-66, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/47/7/016
Runaway Electrons in a Plasma, Physical Review Letters, vol.31, issue.11, pp.690-693, 1973. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.31.690
Simulation of runaway electrons during tokamak disruptions, Computer Physics Communications, vol.154, issue.3, pp.175-96, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0010-4655(03)00293-5
Experimental Observation of a Magnetic-Turbulence Threshold for Runaway-Electron Generation in the TEXTOR Tokamak, Physical Review Letters, vol.110, issue.23, p.235003, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.235003
Volt-second analysis and consumption in Doublet III plasmas, Nuclear Fusion, vol.22, issue.10, p.1313, 1982. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/22/10/006
An advanced plasma control system for Tore Supra Fusion Technol, pp.471-86, 1997. ,
Noterdaeme J-M and the COMPASS Team 2015 Post-disruptive runaway electron beam in COMPASS tokamak J. Plasma Phys. Accepted REFERENCES Ding, B. J. et al. 2012 Current ramp-up with lower hybrid current drive in EAST, Phys. Plasmas, vol.19, issue.122, p.507 ,
Electron and Ion Runaway in a Fully Ionized Gas. I, Physical Review, vol.115, issue.2, pp.238-249, 1959. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRev.115.238
Simulation of runaway electrons during tokamak disruptions, Computer Physics Communications, vol.154, issue.3, pp.175-196, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0010-4655(03)00293-5
Confining a Tokamak Plasma with rf-Driven Currents, Physical Review Letters, vol.41, issue.13, pp.873-876, 1978. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.41.873
Transport in driven plasmas, Physics of Fluids, vol.29, issue.1, pp.172-179, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.865974
Theory of current drive in plasmas, Reviews of Modern Physics, vol.59, issue.1, pp.175-234, 1987. ,
DOI : 10.1103/RevModPhys.59.175
Transformer recharging with alpha channeling in tokamaks, Journal of Plasma Physics, vol.32, issue.3-4, pp.3-4, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1495
Creating an Asymmetric Plasma Resistivity with Waves, Physical Review Letters, vol.45, issue.9, pp.720-722, 1980. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.45.720
Current generation with low-frequency waves, Physics of Fluids, vol.24, issue.1, pp.27-39, 1981. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.863243
Alfvenic instabilities driven by runaways in fusion plasmas, Phys. Plasmas, vol.21, issue.8, pp.80-702, 2014. ,
2012 Runaway positrons in fusion plasmas, Phys. Rev. Lett, vol.108, issue.225, p.3 ,
Destabilization of magnetosonic-whistler waves by a relativistic runaway beam, Phys. Plasmas, vol.13, issue.6, pp.62-506, 2006. ,
Phase-space dynamics of runaway electrons in tokamaks, Physics of Plasmas, vol.17, issue.9, p.502, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.3476268
Runaway acceleration during magnetic reconnection in tokamaks, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, vol.44, issue.12B, pp.247-262, 2002. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0741-3335/44/12B/318
Positron Creation and Annihilation in Tokamak Plasmas with Runaway Electrons, Physical Review Letters, vol.90, issue.13, p.4, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.135004
Chapter 3: MHD stability, operational limits and disruptions, MHD stability, operational limits and disruptions, pp.128-202, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/47/6/S03
Runaway electron confinement modelling for rapid shutdown scenarios in DIII-D, Alcator C-Mod and ITER, Nuclear Fusion, vol.51, issue.6, p.32, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/51/6/063032
Current in wave-driven plasmas, Physics of Fluids, vol.29, issue.1, pp.180-192, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.865975
Comparison of the theory and the practice of lower-hybrid current drive, Physical Review A, vol.32, issue.4, pp.2554-2556, 1985. ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevA.32.2554
Stochastic Instability of Runaway Electrons in Tokamaks, Europhysics Letters (EPL), vol.11, issue.3, pp.219-224, 1990. ,
DOI : 10.1209/0295-5075/11/3/006
Investigation of LHCD Efficiency and Transformer Recharging in the EAST Tokamak, Plasma Science and Technology, vol.14, issue.3, pp.201-206 ,
DOI : 10.1088/1009-0630/14/3/04
2014 What is the fate of runaway positrons in tokamaks? Phys, Plasmas, vol.21, pp.64-503 ,
2013 The physics of tokamak start-up, Phys. Plasmas, vol.20, issue.5, pp.58-101 ,
2015 Kinetic modelling of runaway electron avalanches in tokamak plasmas. Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion ,
Runaway electron losses caused by resonant magnetic perturbations in ITER, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, vol.53, issue.9, pp.95-99, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0741-3335/53/9/095004
Avalanche runaway growth rate from a momentum-space orbit analysis, Physics of Plasmas, vol.6, issue.6, pp.2523-2528, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1063/1.873524
2014 Growth and decay of runaway electrons above the critical electric field under quiescent conditions, Phys. Plasmas, vol.21, issue.2, pp.22-514 ,
Fast particle resonances in tokamaks, Fast particle resonances in tokamaks. Plasma Phys, pp.129-140, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0741-3335/35/SB/010
Theory for avalanche of runaway electrons in tokamaks, Nuclear Fusion, vol.37, issue.10, pp.1355-1362, 1997. ,
DOI : 10.1088/0029-5515/37/10/I03
2013 Synchrotron radiation from a runaway electron distribution in tokamaks, Phys. Plasmas, vol.20, issue.093, p.302 ,
Pinch Effect for Trapped Particles in a Tokamak, Physical Review Letters, vol.25, issue.1, pp.15-17 ,
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.25.15
The peristaltic tokamak. Plasma Phys, pp.258-262, 1971. ,
and the TEXTOR team 2013 Experimental observation of a magnetic-turbulence threshold for runaway-electron generation in the TEXTOR tokamak, Phys. Rev. Lett, vol.110, issue.235, p.3 ,