J. Accot and S. Zhai, Refining Fitts' law models for bivariate pointing, Proceedings of the conference on Human factors in computing systems , CHI '03, pp.193-200, 2003.
DOI : 10.1145/642611.642646

S. Abir-al-hajri, G. Fels, M. Miller, and . Ilich, Moving Target Selection in 2D Graphical User Interfaces, Proceedings of the 13th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction -Volume Part II (INTERACT '11), 2011.

C. Appert, O. Chapuis, and M. Beaudouin-lafon, Evaluation of pointing performance on screen edges, Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces, AVI '08, pp.119-126, 2008.
DOI : 10.1145/1385569.1385590

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00533528

F. Argelaguet and C. Andujar, A survey of 3D object selection techniques for virtual environments, Computers & Graphics, vol.37, issue.3, pp.121-136, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cag.2012.12.003

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00907787

J. N. Bailenson, M. S. Shum, and D. H. Uttal, The initial segment strategy: A heuristic for route selection, Memory & Cognition, vol.84, issue.2, pp.306-324, 2000.
DOI : 10.3758/BF03213808

R. Blanch and M. Ortega, Rake cursor, Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Human factors in computing systems, CHI 09, pp.1415-1418, 2009.
DOI : 10.1145/1518701.1518914

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00953296

J. Boritz, K. S. Booth, and W. B. Cowan, Fitts's Law Studies of Directional Mouse Movement, Graphics Interface '91 (GI '91). Canadian Information Processing Society, pp.216-223, 1991.

D. A. Bowman, E. Kruijff, J. J. Laviola, and I. Poupyrev, 3D User Interfaces: Theory and Practice, 2004.

K. Stuart, W. K. Card, B. J. English, and . Burr, Evaluation of Mouse, Rate- Controlled Isometric Joystick, Step Keys, and Text Keys for Text Selection on a CRT, 1978.

K. Stuart, T. P. Card, A. Moran, and . Newell, The Keystroke-Level Model for User Performance Time with Interacive Systems, Commun. ACM, vol.23, issue.7, pp.396-410, 1980.

K. Stuart, T. P. Card, A. Moran, and . Newell, The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction, 1983.

H. Carnahan and B. J. Mcfadyen, Visuomotor control when reaching toward and grasping moving targets, Acta Psychologica, vol.92, issue.1, pp.17-32, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0001-6918(95)00006-2

J. H. Juan-sebastián-casallas, J. W. Oliver, F. Kelly, S. Merienne, and . Garbaya, Towards a Model for Predicting Intention in 3D Movingtarget Selection Tasks, Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics: Understanding Human Cognition -Volume Part I (EPCE '13), pp.13-22, 2013.

J. H. Juan-sebastián-casallas, J. W. Oliver, F. Kelly, S. Merienne, and . Garbaya, Using Relative Head and Hand-Target Features to Predict Intention in 3D Moving-Target Selection, Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Virtual Reality Conference, pp.51-56, 2014.

A. H. Chan and E. R. Hoffmann, Subjective Difficulty of Movements With Ongoing Visual Control, Journal of Motor Behavior, vol.33, issue.6, pp.507-517, 2013.
DOI : 10.1037/h0046162

N. Christenfeld, CHOICES FROM IDENTICAL OPTIONS, Psychological Science, vol.31, issue.1, pp.50-55, 1995.
DOI : 10.1037//0033-295X.84.3.231

V. G. Sue, S. Cobb, A. Nichols, J. R. Ramsey, and . Wilson, Virtual Reality- Induced Symptoms and Effects (VRISE), Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments, vol.8, issue.2, 1999.

M. Gerwin-de-haan, F. H. Koutek, and . Post, IntenSelect: using dynamic object rating for assisting 3D object selection, Proceedings of the 11th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments (EGVE'05). Eurographics Association, pp.201-209, 2005.

D. Delignières, La difficulté en escalade : exigences objectives et perception des exigences des tâches motrices, Diplôme de l'I.N.S.E.P. Institut national du sport et de l'éducation physique, 1990.

D. Delignières, Approche psychophysique de la perception de la difficulté dans les tâches perceptivo-motrices. Ph.D. Dissertation, 1993.

D. Delignières and J. Famose, Perception de la difficult??, entropie et performance, Science & Sports, vol.7, issue.4, pp.245-252, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/S0765-1597(05)80097-8

P. Dragicevic, F. Chevalier, and S. Huot, Running an HCI experiment in multiple parallel universes, Proceedings of the extended abstracts of the 32nd annual ACM conference on Human factors in computing systems, CHI EA '14, pp.607-618, 2014.
DOI : 10.1145/2559206.2578881

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00976507

H. Drewes, Only one Fitts' law formula please!, Proceedings of the 28th of the international conference extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems, CHI EA '10, pp.2813-2822, 2010.
DOI : 10.1145/1753846.1753867

J. P. Famose, D. Delignières, and J. Genty, Perception de la difficulté dans une tâche d'anticipation-coïncidence, IVèmes Journées Internationales d'Automne, pp.1-4, 1991.

M. Paul and . Fitts, The Information Capacity of the Human Motor System in Controlling the Amplitude of Movement, Journal of Experimental Psychology, vol.47, issue.6, pp.381-391, 1954.

J. Francone and L. Nigay, Using the user's point of view for interaction on mobile devices, 23rd French Speaking Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, IHM '11, 2011.
DOI : 10.1145/2044354.2044360

C. Khai, E. R. Gan, and . Hoffmann, Geometrical conditions for ballistic and visually controlled movements, Ergonomics, vol.31, issue.5, pp.829-839, 1988.

A. Gelman, Prior distributions for variance parameters in hierarchical models (Comment on Article by Browne and Draper), Bayesian Analysis, vol.1, issue.3, pp.515-534, 2006.

A. Gelman and J. Hill, Data Analysis Using Regression and Multilevel/Hierarchical Models, 2007.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511790942

S. M. Grilli, Perceived Difficulty in a Fitts Task Master's Thesis, 2011.

T. Grossman and R. Balakrishnan, Pointing at trivariate targets in 3D environments, Proceedings of the 2004 conference on Human factors in computing systems , CHI '04, pp.447-454, 2004.
DOI : 10.1145/985692.985749

T. Grossman and R. Balakrishnan, A probabilistic approach to modeling two-dimensional pointing, ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, vol.12, issue.3, pp.435-459, 2005.
DOI : 10.1145/1096737.1096741

Y. Guiard and M. Beaudouin-lafon, Fitts??? law 50 years later: applications and contributions from human???computer interaction, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, vol.61, issue.6, pp.747-750, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijhcs.2004.09.003

J. Tyler, P. Gunn, J. Irani, and . Anderson, An evaluation of techniques for selecting moving targets, CHI '09 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '09, pp.3329-3334, 2009.

M. Hall, H. National, E. Frank, G. Holmes, B. Pfahringer et al., The WEKA data mining software, ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter, vol.11, issue.1, pp.10-18, 2009.
DOI : 10.1145/1656274.1656278

S. Mark, K. S. Hancock, and . Booth, Improving Menu Placement Strategies for Pen Input, Proceedings of Graphics Interface, pp.221-230, 2004.

K. Hasan, T. Grossman, and P. Irani, Comet and target ghost, Proceedings of the 2011 annual conference on Human factors in computing systems, CHI '11, pp.839-848, 2011.
DOI : 10.1145/1978942.1979065

M. Hegarty and D. Waller, A dissociation between mental rotation and perspective-taking spatial abilities, Intelligence, vol.32, issue.2, pp.175-191, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.intell.2003.12.001

A. Higashiyama, Horizontal and vertical distance perception: The discorded-orientation theory, Perception & Psychophysics, vol.38, issue.2, pp.259-270, 1996.
DOI : 10.3758/BF03211879

E. R. Hoffmann, Capture of moving targets: a modification of Fitts' Law, Ergonomics, vol.30, issue.2, pp.211-220, 1991.
DOI : 10.1080/00140139108967307

E. R. Hoffmann, Which Version/Variation of Fitts??? Law? A Critique of Information-Theory Models, Journal of Motor Behavior, vol.61, issue.4, pp.205-215, 2013.
DOI : 10.1080/00222895.2013.778815

E. R. Hoffmann, Validity of the Shannon form of Fitts' law: a response to MacKenzie, 2013.

R. Errol, A. H. Hoffmann, and . Chan, Underwater movement times with ongoing visual control, Ergonomics, vol.55, issue.12, pp.1513-1523, 2012.

R. Errol, I. H. Hoffmann, and . Sheikh, Effect of varying target height in a Fitts' movement task, Ergonomics, vol.37, issue.6, pp.1071-1088, 1994.

C. Holz and P. Baudisch, The generalized perceived input point model and how to double touch accuracy by extracting fingerprints, Proceedings of the 28th international conference on Human factors in computing systems, CHI '10, pp.581-590, 2010.
DOI : 10.1145/1753326.1753413

R. Hyman, Stimulus information as a determinant of reaction time., Journal of Experimental Psychology, vol.45, issue.3, pp.188-196, 1953.
DOI : 10.1037/h0056940

M. Victor and I. , Moving Target Selection in Interactive Video Master's Thesis. The University of British Columbia, 2009.

J. Richard, D. L. Jagacinski, and . Monk, Fitts' Law in Two Dimensions with Hand and Head Movements, Journal of Motor Behavior, vol.17, issue.1, pp.77-95, 1985.

R. J. Jagacinski, D. W. Repperger, S. L. Ward, and M. S. Moran, A Test of Fitts' Law with Moving Targets, Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, vol.22, issue.2, pp.225-233, 1980.

H. Jorke, A. Simon, and M. Fritz, Advanced Stereo Projection Using Interference Filters The True Vision -Capture, Transmission and Display of 3D Video, 3DTV Conference, pp.177-180, 2008.

M. Adam, J. , and P. A. Carpenter, Eye fixations and cognitive processes, Cognitive Psychology, vol.8, issue.4, pp.441-480, 1976.

M. Kaptein and J. Robertson, Rethinking statistical analysis methods for CHI, Proceedings of the 2012 ACM annual conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '12, 2012.
DOI : 10.1145/2207676.2208557

R. S. Kennedy, N. E. Lane, K. S. Berbaum, and M. G. Lilienthal, Simulator Sickness Questionnaire: An Enhanced Method for Quantifying Simulator Sickness, The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, vol.76, issue.3, pp.203-220, 1993.
DOI : 10.1207/s15327108ijap0303_3

R. Kopper, D. A. Bowman, M. G. Silva, and R. P. Mcmahan, A human motor behavior model for distal pointing tasks, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, vol.68, issue.10, pp.603-615, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijhcs.2010.05.001

D. Kourtis, N. Sebanz, and G. Knoblich, EEG correlates of Fitts???s law during preparation for action, Psychological Research, vol.29, issue.6, pp.514-538, 2012.
DOI : 10.1007/s00426-012-0418-z

J. K. Kruschke, H. Aguinis, and H. Joo, The Time Has Come, Organizational Research Methods, vol.88, issue.4, pp.722-752, 2012.
DOI : 10.3758/BF03194105

E. Lank, Y. Cheng, and J. Ruiz, Endpoint prediction using motion kinematics, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems , CHI '07, pp.637-646, 2007.
DOI : 10.1145/1240624.1240724

S. Mackenzie, A Note on the Information-Theoretic Basis for Fitts??? Law, Journal of Motor Behavior, vol.14, issue.3, pp.323-330, 1989.
DOI : 10.1080/00222895.1979.10735186

I. Scott and M. , A Note on the Validity of the Shannon Formulation for Fitts' Index of Difficulty, Open Journal of Applied Sciences, vol.3, issue.6, pp.360-368, 2013.

S. Mackenzie and W. Buxton, Extending Fitts' law to two-dimensional tasks, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems , CHI '92, 1992.
DOI : 10.1145/142750.142794

L. Regan, C. Mandryk, and . Lough, The Effects of Intended Use on Target Acquisition, Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11, pp.1649-1652, 2011.

J. Michael, R. Mcguffin, and . Balakrishnan, Fitts' law and expanding targets: Experimental studies and designs for user interfaces, ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, vol.12, issue.4, pp.388-422, 2005.

D. Mould and C. Gutwin, The effects of feedback on targeting with multiple moving targets, Proceedings of Graphics Interface, pp.25-32, 2004.

A. Murata, Extending Effective Target Width in Fitts' Law to a Two-Dimensional Pointing Task, International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, vol.8, issue.2, pp.137-152, 1999.
DOI : 10.1145/267135.267136

A. Murata and H. Iwase, Extending Fitts' law to a three-dimensional pointing task, Human Movement Science, vol.20, issue.6, pp.791-805, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-9457(01)00058-6

N. Murray, D. Roberts, A. Steed, P. Sharkey, P. Dickerson et al., An assessment of eye-gaze potential within immersive virtual environments, ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications, vol.3, issue.4, 2007.
DOI : 10.1145/1314303.1314311

M. Nancel, O. Chapuis, E. Pietriga, X. Yang, P. Pourang et al., High-precision pointing on large wall displays using small handheld devices, Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '13, pp.831-840, 2013.
DOI : 10.1145/2470654.2470773

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00786532

K. Nickel and R. Stiefelhagen, Pointing gesture recognition based on 3D-tracking of face, hands and head orientation, Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Multimodal interfaces , ICMI '03, pp.140-146, 2003.
DOI : 10.1145/958432.958460

K. Nieuwenhuizen, J. Martens, L. Liu, and R. Van-liere, Insights from Dividing 3D Goal-Directed Movements into Meaningful Phases, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, vol.29, issue.6, pp.44-53121, 2009.
DOI : 10.1109/MCG.2009.121

A. Donald and . Norman, Cognitive Engineering In User Centered System Design: New Perspectives on Human-Computer Interaction, pp.31-61, 1986.

A. Donald and . Norman, The Design of Everyday Things Basic Books, 2002.

D. Noy, Predicting user intentions in graphical user interfaces using implicit disambiguation, CHI '01 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems , CHI '01, 2001.
DOI : 10.1145/634067.634330

S. Olitsky, H. Lee, and E. Young, IVAC?Interactive Visual Acuity Chart, 2006.

M. Ortega, Hook: Heuristics for selecting 3D moving objects in dense target environments, 2013 IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces (3DUI), 2013.
DOI : 10.1109/3DUI.2013.6550208

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00871567

A. Ryan, J. M. Pavlik, and . Vance, VR JuggLua: A framework for VR applications combining Lua, OpenSceneGraph, and VR Juggler, 2012 5th Workshop on Software Engineering and Architectures for Realtime Interactive Systems (SEARIS). IEEE, pp.29-35, 2012.

A. Pavlovych and C. Gutwin, Assessing Target Acquisition and Tracking Performance for Complex Moving Targets in the Presence of Latency and Jitter, Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2012 (GI' 12). Canadian Information Processing Society, pp.109-116, 2012.

G. James, T. J. Phillips, and . Triggs, Characteristics of cursor trajectories controlled by the computer mouse, Ergonomics, vol.44, issue.5, pp.527-536, 2001.

I. Poupyrev, S. Weghorst, M. Billinghurst, and T. Ichikawa, A framework and testbed for studying manipulation techniques for immersive VR, Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology , VRST '97, 1997.
DOI : 10.1145/261135.261141

J. R. Quinlan, Induction of decision trees, Machine Learning, vol.1, issue.1, pp.81-1061022643204877, 1986.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00116251

R. Team, R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2014.

R. Team, R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2015.

M. Reddy, U. Vr-sig-conference, and R. Hollands, Reducing lags in virtual reality systems using motion-sensitive level of detail, Proceedings of the 2nd, pp.25-31, 1994.

J. Ruiz and E. Lank, Analyzing intended use effects in target acquisition, Proceedings of the 2014 International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces, AVI '14, 2014.
DOI : 10.1145/2598153.2598158

R. Shadmehr, M. A. Smith, and J. W. Krakauer, Error Correction, Sensory Prediction, and Adaptation in Motor Control, Annual Review of Neuroscience, vol.33, issue.1, pp.89-108, 2010.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev-neuro-060909-153135

H. Ilyas, E. R. Sheikh, and . Hoffmann, Effect of target shape on movement time in a Fitts task, Ergonomics, vol.37, issue.9, pp.1533-1547, 1994.

J. Silva, D. Cabral, C. Fernandes, and N. Correia, Real-time annotation of video objects on tablet computers, Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia, MUM '12, pp.1-19, 2012.
DOI : 10.1145/2406367.2406391

B. Andrew, S. M. Slifkin, and . Grilli, Aiming for the future: prospective action difficulty, prescribed difficulty, and Fitts' law, Experimental Brain Research, vol.174, issue.4, pp.746-753, 2006.

D. Song, N. Kyriazis, I. Oikonomidis, C. Papazov, A. Argyros et al., Predicting human intention in visual observations of hand/object interactions, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pp.1608-1615, 2013.
DOI : 10.1109/ICRA.2013.6630785

R. , W. Soukoreff, and I. Mackenzie, Towards a standard for pointing device evaluation, perspectives on 27 years of Fitts' law research in HCI, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, vol.61, issue.6, pp.751-789, 2004.

A. Spiess and N. Neumeyer, An evaluation of R2 as an inadequate measure for nonlinear models in pharmacological and biochemical research: a Monte Carlo approach, BMC Pharmacology, vol.10, issue.1, 2010.
DOI : 10.1186/1471-2210-10-6

M. Spindler, W. Büschel, and R. Dachselt, Use your head, Proceedings of the 2012 ACM international conference on Interactive tabletops and surfaces, ITS '12, 2012.
DOI : 10.1145/2396636.2396674

S. Development and T. , Stan: A C++ Library for Probability and Sampling, Version 2.4.0, 2014.

S. Development and T. , Stan: A C++ Library for Probability and Sampling, Version 2.6.0, 2015.

R. Stiefelhagen, Tracking focus of attention in meetings, Proceedings. Fourth IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces, pp.273-280, 2002.
DOI : 10.1109/ICMI.2002.1167006

R. Stiefelhagen and J. Zhu, Head orientation and gaze direction in meetings, CHI '02 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems , CHI '02, 2002.
DOI : 10.1145/506443.506634

J. Robert, W. Teather, and . Stuerzlinger, Pointing at 3D Targets in a Stereo Head- Tracked Virtual Environment, Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces, pp.87-94, 2011.

J. R. Tresilian, Hitting a moving target: Perception and action in the timing of rapid interceptions, Perception & Psychophysics, vol.25, issue.1, pp.129-149, 2005.
DOI : 10.3758/BF03195017

J. W. Tukey, We Need Both Exploratory and Confirmatory. The American Statistician, pp.23-25, 1980.

P. Van, S. , and J. Ling, Design Parameters of Rating Scales for Web Sites, ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, vol.14, issue.35, 2007.

A. T. Welford, A. H. Norris, and N. W. Shock, Speed and accuracy of movement and their changes with age, Acta Psychologica, vol.30, pp.0-3, 1969.
DOI : 10.1016/0001-6918(69)90034-1

G. Thomas, H. H. Whisenand, and . Emurian, Some Effects of Angle of Approach on Icon Selection, Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '95), 1995.

G. Thomas, H. H. Whisenand, and . Emurian, Effects of angle of approach on cursor movement with a mouse: Consideration of Fitt's law, Computers in Human Behavior, vol.12, issue.396, pp.481-4950747, 1996.

G. Whisenand and H. H. Emurian, Analysis of cursor movements with a mouse, Computers in Human Behavior, vol.15, issue.1, pp.85-103, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0747-5632(98)00036-3

H. R. Wilson, F. Wilkinson, L. Lin, and M. Castillo, Perception of head orientation, Vision Research, vol.40, issue.5, pp.459-72, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0042-6989(99)00195-9

. La-différence-en-précision, Mdn(? 1 ? ? 2 ) = 0.07, 995% HDI [?0.04, 0.2] représente, pourtant

L. Dans-tous and . Cas, ID fut linéairement corrélé avec DP, supporte l'utilisation de l'échelle à 9 points choisie pour l'expérience. Ce point est crucial pour valider les évaluations de DP pour la sélection de cibles en mouvement utilisant cette échelle

H. Difficulté-prospective-de-la-sélection-de-cibles-en-mouvement, Le modèle en deux parties de Hoffmann avec des coefficients par vitesse, décrit dans l'équation (4.18), modélise précisément la difficulté prospective dans des tâches 1-d de sélection de cibles en mouvement