E. Abrahamson and G. Fairchild, Management Fashion: Lifecycles, Triggers, and Collective Learning Processes, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.44, issue.4, pp.708-740, 1999.
DOI : 10.2307/2667053

E. Abrahamson and C. J. Fombrun, Macrocultures: Determinants and Consequences, Academy of Management Review, vol.19, issue.4, pp.728-755, 1994.

E. Abrahamson and L. Rosenkopf, Institutional and Competitive Bandwagons: Using Mathematical Modeling as a Tool to Explore Innovation Diffusion, Academy of Management Review, vol.18, issue.2, pp.487-517, 1999.

T. W. Adorno, E. Frenkel-brunswik, . D. Levinson, and N. Sanford, The Authoritarian Personality, pp.474-475, 1950.
DOI : 10.4135/9781446220986.n8

G. Allport, (First published in 1954.) The nature of prejudice, 1979.

B. E. Ashforth and B. W. Gibbs, The Double-Edge of Organizational Legitimation, Organization Science, vol.1, issue.2, pp.177-194, 1990.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.1.2.177

B. E. Ashforth and R. H. Humphrey, The Ubiquity and Potency of Labeling in Organizations, Organization Science, vol.8, issue.1, pp.43-58, 1997.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.8.1.43

B. E. Ashforth and G. E. Kreiner, How can you do it? " : Dirty work and the challenge of constructing a positive identity, Academy of Management Review, vol.24, issue.3, pp.413-434, 1999.

M. M. Bakhtin, The dialogic imagination: Four essays (trans, C. Emerson & M, 1981.

M. M. Bakhtin, Problems of Dostoevsky's poetics (trans. C. Emerson), 1984.

J. B. Baskin, M. Jr, and P. J. , A history of corporate finance, 1999.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511665219

O. Belova, I. King, and M. Sliwa, Introduction: Polyphony and Organization Studies: Mikhail Bakhtin and Beyond, Organization Studies, vol.29, issue.4, pp.493-500, 2008.
DOI : 10.1177/0170840608088696

P. L. Berger and T. Luckman, The Social Construction of Reality, 1966.

J. R. Bettman and B. A. Weitz, Attributions in the Board Room: Causal Reasoning in Corporate Annual Reports, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.28, issue.2, pp.165-183, 1983.
DOI : 10.2307/2392616

A. B. Bitektine, Toward a Theory of Social Judgments of Organizations: The Case of Legitimacy, Reputation, and Status, Academy of Management Review, vol.36, issue.1, pp.151-179, 2011.
DOI : 10.5465/amr.2009.0382

P. Blau, Exchange and Power in Social Life, 1964.

W. Boeker, Power and Managerial Dismissal: Scapegoating at the Top, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.37, issue.3, pp.400-421, 1992.
DOI : 10.2307/2393450

P. Bourdieu, Outline of a Theory of Practice, 1977.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511812507

P. Bourdieu, Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste, Journal of Economic Sociology, vol.6, issue.3, 1984.
DOI : 10.17323/1726-3247-2005-3-25-48

P. Bourdieu, The Logic of Practice, 1990.

P. Bourdieu, The Rules of Art: Genesis and Structure of the Literary Field, 1996.

M. Bradley and A. K. Sudaram, The Emergence of Shareholder Value in the German Corporation, SSRN Electronic Journal, 2003.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.463840

R. Bucher, Blame and Hostility in Disaster, American Journal of Sociology, vol.62, issue.5, pp.475-475, 1957.
DOI : 10.1086/222076

R. B. Carter and S. Manaster, Initial Public Offerings and Underwriter Reputation, The Journal of Finance, vol.44, issue.4, pp.1045-1067, 1990.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1990.tb02426.x

K. Chiu, Ethical Judgment and Whistleblowing Intention: Examining the Moderating Role of Locus of Control, Journal of Business Ethics, vol.43, issue.1/2, pp.65-74, 2003.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1022911215204

N. Clark, Bank Outlines How Trader Hid His Activities, p.28, 2008.

J. Core, W. Guay, and D. Larcker, The power of the pen and executive compensation, Journal of Financial Economics, vol.88, issue.1, pp.1-25, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jfineco.2007.05.001

S. A. Corwin and P. Schultz, The Role of IPO Underwriting Syndicates: Pricing, Information Production, and Underwriter Competition, The Journal of Finance, vol.8, issue.11, pp.443-486, 2002.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2005.00735.x

W. E. Creed, R. Dejordy, and J. Lok, Being the Change: Resolving Institutional Contradiction through Identity Work, Academy of Management Journal, vol.53, issue.6, pp.1336-1364, 2010.
DOI : 10.5465/AMJ.2010.57318357

A. Cuomo, No Rhyme or Reason: The " Heads I Win, Tails You Lose, Bank Bonus Culture, 2009.

D. Long and J. B. , Did J.P. Morgan's Men Add Value? An Economist's Perspective on Financial Capitalism, Inside the Business Enterprise: Historical Perspectives on the Use of Information, pp.205-241, 1991.

D. L. Deephouse, DOES ISOMORPHISM LEGITIMATE?, Academy of Management Journal, vol.39, issue.4, pp.1024-1039, 1996.
DOI : 10.2307/256722

D. L. Deephouse, Media Reputation as a Strategic Resource: An Integration of Mass Communication and Resource-Based Theories, Journal of Management, vol.34, issue.1, pp.1091-1112, 2000.
DOI : 10.1177/014920630002600602

C. E. Devers, T. Dewett, Y. Mishina, and C. A. Belsito, A General Theory of Organizational Stigma, Organization Science, vol.20, issue.1, pp.154-171, 2009.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.1080.0367

C. L. Dezso, Scapegoating and Firm Reputation. Robert H. Smith School Research Paper No. RHS 06-105 Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com, 2009.

P. Dourroux, Mat, l'ami imaginaire de Jerome Kerviel, Slate, 2010.

J. Dowling and J. Pfeffer, Organizational Legitimacy: Social Values and Organizational Behavior, The Pacific Sociological Review, vol.18, issue.1, pp.122-136, 1975.
DOI : 10.2307/1388226

A. Dubois and L. E. Gadde, Systematic combining: an abductive approach to case research, Journal of Business Research, vol.55, issue.7, pp.553-560, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0148-2963(00)00195-8

M. B. Dunn and C. Jones, Institutional Logics and Institutional Pluralism: The Contestation of Care and Science Logics in Medical Education, 1967???2005, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.353, issue.1, pp.114-149, 1967.
DOI : 10.2189/asqu.2010.55.1.114

J. E. Dutton, J. M. Dukerich, and C. V. Harquail, Organizational Images and Member Identification, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.39, issue.2, pp.239-263, 1994.
DOI : 10.2307/2393235

R. G. Eccles and C. D. , Doing Deals: Investment Banks at Work, 1988.

F. A. Elliston, Anonymity and whistleblowing, Journal of Business Ethics, vol.1, issue.3, pp.167-177, 1982.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00382768

K. D. Elsbach and R. M. Kramer, Members' Responses to Organizational Identity Threats: Encountering and Countering the Business Week Rankings, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.41, issue.3, pp.442-476, 1996.
DOI : 10.2307/2393938

K. D. Elsbach and R. I. Sutton, ACQUIRING ORGANIZATIONAL LEGITIMACY THROUGH ILLEGITIMATE ACTIONS: A MARRIAGE OF INSTITUTIONAL AND IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT THEORIES., Academy of Management Journal, vol.35, issue.4, pp.699-738, 1992.
DOI : 10.2307/256313

P. C. Fiss, H. , and P. M. , The Discourse of Globalization: Framing and Sensemaking of an Emerging Concept, American Sociological Review, vol.26, issue.1, pp.29-52, 2005.
DOI : 10.2307/2667033

D. R. Forsyth, Group dynamics, 1990.

S. Freud, Group psychology and the analysis of the ego. (First published in 1922, 1951.

N. Fligstein, Architecture of Markets, 2001.
DOI : 10.1002/9781118900772.etrds0014

S. Fraser, Every Man a Speculator: A History of Wall Street in American Life, 2004.

R. Friedland and A. R. , Bringing Society Back In: Symbols, Practices and Institutional Contradictions, The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis, pp.232-67, 1991.

W. Gamson and N. Scotch, Scapegoating in Baseball, American Journal of Sociology, vol.70, issue.1, pp.69-76, 1964.
DOI : 10.1086/223739

T. L. Galvin, M. J. Ventresca, and B. A. Hudson, Contested Industry Dynamics. International Studies of Management and Organization, pp.56-82, 2004.

R. Geddes, IPOs and Equity Public Offerings, 2003.

E. Goffman, Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity, 1963.

M. Gladwell, The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference, 2002.

J. Greenberg, M. Edwards, and C. Brinsfeld, Voice and Silence in Organizations, 2008.

M. Grodzins, The Metropolitan Area as a Racial Problem, 1958.

T. Groseclose and J. Milyo, A Measure of Media Bias, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol.120, issue.4, pp.1191-1237, 2005.
DOI : 10.1162/003355305775097542

A. Hansen, S. Cottle, R. Negrine, and C. Newbold, Mass communication research methods, 1998.

H. A. Haveman and H. Rao, Structuring a Theory of Moral Sentiments: Institutional and Organizational Coevolution in the Early Thrift Industry, American Journal of Sociology, vol.102, issue.6, pp.1606-51, 1997.
DOI : 10.1086/231128

M. L. Hayward, V. P. Rindova, and T. G. Pollock, Believing one's own press: the causes and consequences of CEO celebrity, Strategic Management Journal, vol.25, issue.7, pp.637-653, 2004.
DOI : 10.1002/smj.405

M. A. Hazen, Towards Polyphonic Organization, Journal of Organizational Change Management, vol.6, issue.5, pp.15-26, 1993.
DOI : 10.1108/09534819310072747

J. J. Heckman, Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error, Econometrica, vol.47, issue.1, pp.153-162, 1979.
DOI : 10.2307/1912352

M. Hewstone, M. Rubin, and H. Willis, Intergroup Bias, Annual Review of Psychology, vol.53, issue.1, pp.575-604, 2002.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135109

E. Hijmans, The logic of qualitative media content analysis : A typology, Communications, vol.21, issue.1, pp.93-108, 2006.

P. Hirsch, The Study of Industries, Research in Sociology of Organizations, vol.4, pp.271-309, 1985.

A. O. Hirschman, Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States, 1970.

K. Ho, Liquidated: An Ethnography of Wall Street, 2009.
DOI : 10.1215/9780822391371

O. R. Holsti, Content analysis for the social sciences and humanities, 1969.

B. A. Hudson, Against all Odds: A Consideration of Core-Stigmatized Organizations, Academy of Management Review, vol.33, issue.1, pp.252-266, 2008.
DOI : 10.5465/AMR.2008.27752775

B. A. Hudson and G. Okhuysen, Not with a Ten-Foot Pole: Core Stigma, Stigma Transfer, and Improbable Persistence of Men's Bathhouses, Organization Science, vol.20, issue.1, pp.134-153, 2009.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.1080.0368

T. F. Huerta and J. L. Silverman, Charles E. Mitchell: Scapegoat of the Crash? The Business History Review, pp.81-103, 1986.

J. Jaccard, Interaction effects in logistic regression, 2001.
DOI : 10.4135/9781412984515

J. Jelzer, Rhetorical Analysis: Understanding How Texts Persuade Readers' in Bazerman C. and Prior P. A. What writing does and how it does it: an introduction to analyzing texts and textual practices, 2004.

M. Jensen, Should We Stay or Should We Go? Accountability, Status Anxiety, and Client Defections, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.51, issue.1, pp.97-128, 2006.
DOI : 10.2189/asqu.51.1.97

N. Khanna and A. B. Poulsen, Managers of Financially Distressed Firms: Villains or Scapegoats?, The Journal of Finance, vol.27, issue.3, pp.919-940, 1995.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1995.tb04042.x

B. King, E. S. Clemens, and M. Fry, Identity Realization and Organizational Forms: Differentiation and Consolidation of Identities Among Arizona's Charter Schools, Organization Science, vol.22, issue.3, pp.554-572, 2011.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.1100.0548

T. Kingkade, Greg Smith, Former Goldman Sachs Director, Shouldn't Expect 'Warm And Fuzzy' Support From Ivy League Students, 2012.

J. I. Kitsuse, Societal reaction to deviant behavior: Problems of theory and method, Social Problems, pp.247-256, 1962.

R. Koopmans and S. Olzak, Discursive Opportunities and the Evolution of Right???Wing Violence in Germany, American Journal of Sociology, vol.110, issue.1, pp.198-230, 2004.
DOI : 10.1086/386271

M. Kraatz and E. Zajac, Exploring the Limits of the New Institutionalism: The Causes and Consequences of Illegitimate Organizational Change, American Sociological Review, vol.61, issue.5, pp.61-812, 1996.
DOI : 10.2307/2096455

G. E. Kreiner, B. E. Ashforth, and D. M. Schluss, Identity Dynamics in Occupational Dirty Work: Integrating Social Identity and System Justification Perspectives, Organization Science, vol.17, issue.5, pp.619-636, 2006.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.1060.0208

C. T. Kulik, H. T. Bainbridge, and C. Cregan, Known by the Company We Keep: Stigma-By-Association Effects in the Workplace, Academy of Management Review, vol.33, issue.1, pp.216-230, 2008.
DOI : 10.5465/AMR.2008.27752765

H. Lasswell, Propaganda Technique In World War, 1971.

J. Leach, Rhetorical Analysis in Qualitative researching with text, image and sound: a practical handbook, SAGE, 2000.

M. R. Leary and L. S. Schreindorfer, The Stigmatization of HIV and AIDS: Rubbing Salt in the Wound, HIV Infection And Social Interaction, pp.12-29, 1998.

N. Levina and W. Orlikowski, Understanding Shifting Power Relations within and across Organizations: A Critical Genre Analysis, Academy of Management Journal, vol.52, issue.4, pp.672-703, 2009.
DOI : 10.5465/AMJ.2009.43669902

S. X. Li and W. B. Berta, The Ties that Bind: Strategic Actions and Status Structure in the US Investment Banking Industry, Organization Studies, vol.24, issue.30, pp.339-368, 2002.
DOI : 10.1177/0170840602233002

B. G. Link and J. C. Phelan, Conceptualizing Stigma, Annual Review of Sociology, vol.27, issue.1, pp.363-395, 2001.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.363

K. Locke, K. Golden-bilde, and M. Feldman, Perspective???Making Doubt Generative: Rethinking the Role of Doubt in the Research Process, Organization Science, vol.19, issue.6, pp.907-918, 2008.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.1080.0398

J. Lok, Institutional Logics as Identity Projects, Academy of Management Journal, vol.53, issue.6, pp.1305-1335, 2010.
DOI : 10.5465/AMJ.2010.57317866

T. Loughran and B. Mcdonald, When Is a Liability Not a Liability? Textual Analysis, Dictionaries, and 10-Ks, The Journal of Finance, vol.8, issue.1, pp.35-65, 2010.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2010.01625.x

M. Lounsbury, A TALE OF TWO CITIES: COMPETING LOGICS AND PRACTICE VARIATION IN THE PROFESSIONALIZING OF MUTUAL FUNDS., Academy of Management Journal, vol.50, issue.2, pp.289-307, 2007.
DOI : 10.5465/AMJ.2007.24634436

F. Mael and B. E. Ashforth, Alumni and their alma mater: A partial test of the reformulated model of organizational identification, Journal of Organizational Behavior, vol.38, issue.2, pp.103-123, 1992.
DOI : 10.1002/job.4030130202

J. Madrick, Age of Greed: The Triumph of Finance and the Decline of America, 1970.

J. March and J. Olsen, Rediscovering Institutions. The Organizational Basis of Politics, 1989.

C. Marquis and M. Lounsbury, VIVE LA RESISTANCE: COMPETING LOGICS AND THE CONSOLIDATION OF U.S. COMMUNITY BANKING., Academy of Management Journal, vol.50, issue.4, pp.799-820, 2007.
DOI : 10.5465/AMJ.2007.26279172

K. Matthews and O. Matthews, A cap on bankers' bonuses will do little to reduce risk-taking in the banking industrya-cap-on-bankers-bonuses-will-do-little-to- reduce-risk-taking-in-the-banking-industry, LSE Europp Blog, 2013.

R. E. Meyer and G. Hammerschmid, Changing Institutional Logics and Executive Identities: A Managerial Challenge to Public Administration in Austria, American Behavioral Scientist, vol.49, issue.7, pp.1000-1014, 2006.
DOI : 10.1177/0002764205285182

M. P. Micaeli and J. P. Near, Characteristics of Organizational Climate and Perceived Wrongdoing Associated with Whistle-Blowing Decisions, Personnel Psychology, vol.38, issue.3, 2006.

. F. Milliken and N. Lam, Making the decision to speak up or not: Implications for Organizational Learning, Voice and Silence in Organizations, 2008.

Y. Mishina and C. A. Devers, On being bad: Why stigma is not the same as bad reputation The Oxford Handbook of Corporate Reputation, 2011.

I. Moon and K. Carley, Evolving Multi-Agent Network Structure with Organizational Learning. Proceeding of SpringSim'07, pp.1348-1355, 2007.

A. D. Morrison and W. J. Wilhelm, Investment of Banking: Past, Present, and Future, Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, vol.19, issue.1, p.42, 2007.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1745-6622.2007.00124.x

B. Nacos, R. Shapiro, J. T. Young, D. P. Fan, T. Kjellstrand et al., Content Analysis of New Reports: Comparing Human Coding and a Computer-Assisted Method, pp.111-128, 1920.

J. P. Near and M. P. Miceli, Organizational dissidence: The case of whistle-blowing, Journal of Business Ethics, vol.77, issue.1, pp.1-16, 1985.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00382668

J. P. Near and M. P. Miceli, Whistle-Blowing: Myth and Reality, Journal of Management, vol.12, issue.3, pp.507-526, 1995.
DOI : 10.1177/014920639602200306

A. Nigam and W. Ocasio, Event Attention, Environmental Sensemaking, and Change in Institutional Logics: An Inductive Analysis of the Effects of Public Attention to Clinton's Health Care Reform Initiative, Organization Science, vol.21, issue.4, pp.823-841, 2010.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.1090.0490

J. Nocera, The Good Banker, 2011.

H. Nørreklit, The Balanced Scorecard: what is the score? A rhetorical analysis of the Balanced Scorecard, Accounting, Organizations and Society, vol.28, issue.6, pp.591-619, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0361-3682(02)00097-1

W. Ocasio, TOWARDS AN ATTENTION???BASED VIEW OF THE FIRM, Strategic Management Journal, vol.18, issue.S1, pp.187-206, 1997.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199707)18:1+<187::AID-SMJ936>3.3.CO;2-B

W. Ocasio, Institutionalized Action and Corporate Governance: The Reliance on Rules of CEO Succession, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.44, issue.2, pp.384-416, 1999.
DOI : 10.2307/2667000

C. Oliver, STRATEGIC RESPONSES TO INSTITUTIONAL PROCESSES, Academy of Management Review, vol.16, issue.1, pp.145-179, 1991.
DOI : 10.5465/AMR.1991.4279002

P. E. Oliver and G. Maney, Political Processes and Local Newspaper Coverage of Protest Events: From Selection Bias to Triadic Interactions, American Journal of Sociology, vol.106, issue.2, pp.463-505, 2000.
DOI : 10.1086/316964

S. Pemberton, S. Tombs, M. M. Chan, and L. Seal, Whistleblowing, organisational harm and the self-regulating organisation, Policy & Politics, vol.40, issue.2, pp.263-279, 2012.
DOI : 10.1332/147084411X581835

N. Perry, Indecent Exposures: Theorizing Whistleblowing, Organization Studies, vol.21, issue.2, pp.235-257, 1998.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511812507

J. Pfeffer and G. R. Salancik, The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective, 1978.

M. Phillips, Industry Mindsets: Exploring the Cultures of Two Macro-Organizational Settings, Organization Science, vol.5, issue.3, pp.384-402, 1994.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.5.3.384

J. Podolny, A Status-Based Model of Market Competition, American Journal of Sociology, vol.98, issue.4, pp.829-872, 1993.
DOI : 10.1086/230091

J. Podolny, Market Uncertainty and the Social Character of Economic Exchange, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.39, issue.3, pp.458-483, 1994.
DOI : 10.2307/2393299

T. Pollock and V. Rindova, MEDIA LEGITIMATION EFFECTS IN THE MARKET FOR INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS., Academy of Management Journal, vol.46, issue.5, pp.631-642, 2003.
DOI : 10.2307/30040654

E. Pontikes, G. Negro, and H. Rao, Stained Red, American Sociological Review, vol.108, issue.3, pp.456-478, 2010.
DOI : 10.1126/science.185.4157.1124

J. Porac, M. Ventresca, and Y. Mishina, Interorganizational Cognition, Companion to Organizations, pp.579-98, 2002.

J. E. Pozner, Stigma and Settling Up: An Integrated Approach to the Consequences of Organizational Misconduct for Organizational Elites, Journal of Business Ethics, vol.8, issue.2, pp.141-150, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/s10551-007-9446-9

T. Reay and C. R. Hinings, The Recomposition of an Organizational Field: Health Care in Alberta, Organization Studies, vol.26, issue.3, pp.351-384, 2005.
DOI : 10.1177/0170840605050872

C. Ridgeway and J. Berger, Expectations, Legitimation, and Dominance Behavior in Task Groups, American Sociological Review, vol.51, issue.5, pp.503-517, 1986.
DOI : 10.2307/2095487

S. D. Rosenberg, P. P. Schnurr, and T. E. Oxman, Content Analysis: A Comparison of Manual and Computerized Systems, Journal of Personality Assessment, vol.7, issue.1, pp.298-310, 1990.
DOI : 10.1207/s15327752jpa5401&2_28

T. Roulet, Me and My Firm Against the World: Exploring the Relationship between Public Disapproval of Organization and Job Satisfaction, Under Review, 2013.

G. R. Salancik and J. R. Meindl, Corporate Attributions as Strategic Illusions of Management Control, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.29, issue.2, p.254, 1984.
DOI : 10.2307/2393176

R. Sandefur, Work and Honor in the Law: Prestige and the Division of Lawyers' Labor, American Sociological Review, vol.66, issue.3, pp.382-403, 2001.
DOI : 10.2307/3088885

W. R. Scott, Institutions and Organizations. A Thousand Oaks: Sage, 2008.

W. R. Scott, M. Ruef, P. Mendel, and C. Caronna, Institutional Change and Health Care Organizations: From Professional Dominance to Managed Care, 2000.

M. Semadini, A. A. Cannella, D. R. Fraser, L. , and D. S. , Fight or flight: managing stigma in executive careers, Strategic Management Journal, vol.7, issue.5, pp.557-567, 2008.
DOI : 10.1002/smj.661

M. Seo and W. E. Creed, Institutional contradictions, praxis, and institutional change: A dialectical perspective, Academy of Management Review, vol.27, pp.222-247, 2002.

B. Shamir, Meaning, self and motivation in organizations'. Organization Studies, pp.405-424, 1991.

R. J. Shiller, Finance and the good society, 2012.
DOI : 10.1515/9781400846177

J. C. Short, C. Broberg, C. C. Cogliser, and K. H. Brigham, Construct Validation Using Computer-Aided Text Analysis (CATA), Organizational Research Methods, vol.10, issue.2, pp.31-321, 2010.
DOI : 10.1002/smj.4250100107

N. Smelser, Theory of Collective Behavior, 1963.
DOI : 10.1037/14412-000

B. M. Staw, P. I. Mckechnie, and S. Puffer, The Justification of Organizational Performance, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.28, issue.4, pp.582-600, 1983.
DOI : 10.2307/2393010

M. Suchman, Managing Legitimacy: Strategic & Institutional Approaches, Academy of Management Review, vol.20, issue.3, pp.571-610, 1995.

R. Suddaby and R. Greenwood, Rhetorical Strategies of Legitimacy, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.50, issue.1, pp.35-67, 2005.
DOI : 10.2189/asqu.2005.50.1.35

B. N. Sullivan, P. Haunschild, and K. Page, Organizations Non Gratae? The Impact of Unethical Corporate Acts on Interorganizational Networks, Organization Science, vol.18, issue.1, pp.55-70, 2007.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.1060.0229

R. I. Sutton and A. L. Callahan, THE STIGMA OF BANKRUPTCY: SPOILED ORGANIZATIONAL IMAGE AND ITS MANAGEMENT., Academy of Management Journal, vol.30, issue.3, pp.405-436, 1987.
DOI : 10.2307/256007

H. Tajfel and J. C. Turner, The social identity theory of inter-group behavior Greg Smith's Gratuitously Opportunistic Departure from Goldman Sachs, Psychology of Intergroup Relations, 1986.

P. C. Tetlock, Giving Content to Investor Sentiment: The Role of Media in the Stock Market, The Journal of Finance, vol.26, issue.3, pp.1139-1168, 2007.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2007.01232.x

P. C. Tetlock, M. Saar-tsechansky, and S. Macskassy, More Than Words: Quantifying Language to Measure Firms' Fundamentals, The Journal of Finance, vol.48, issue.3, pp.1437-1467, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2008.01362.x

P. Thornton and W. Ocasio, Institutional Logics and the Historical Contingency of Power in Organizations: Executive Succession in the Higher Education Publishing Industry, 1958??? 1990, American Journal of Sociology, vol.105, issue.3, pp.801-843, 1999.
DOI : 10.1086/210361

P. Thornton and W. Ocasio, Institutional Logics in The Sage Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism The Promise of Compelled Whistleblowing: What the Corporate Governance Provisions of Sarbanes Oxley Mean for Employment Law, Sage Tippett, E. Employee Rights and Employment Policy Journal, vol.11, issue.1, pp.99-129, 2006.

L. Van-dyne and J. A. Lepine, HELPING AND VOICE EXTRA-ROLE BEHAVIORS: EVIDENCE OF CONSTRUCT AND PREDICTIVE VALIDITY., Academy of Management Journal, vol.41, issue.1, pp.41-1108, 1998.
DOI : 10.2307/256902

N. Vardi, Greg Smith Isn't A Whistleblower, He's Just A Goldman Sachs Executive Having A Midlife Crisis, p.14, 2012.

E. Vaara and P. Monin, A Recursive Perspective on Discursive Legitimation and Organizational Action in Mergers and Acquisitions, Organization Science, vol.21, issue.1, pp.3-22, 2010.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.1080.0394

J. Vergne, Stigmatized Categories and Public Disapproval of Organizations: A Mixed-Methods Study of the Global Arms Industry, 1996-2007, Academy of Management Journal, vol.55, issue.5, pp.1027-1052, 1996.
DOI : 10.5465/amj.2010.0599

V. Nordenflycht and A. , WHAT IS A PROFESSIONAL SERVICE FIRM? TOWARD A THEORY AND TAXONOMY OF KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE FIRMS., Academy of Management Review, vol.35, issue.1, pp.155-174, 2010.
DOI : 10.5465/AMR.2010.45577926

L. Warren and D. Bates, Courageous stuff... he's a legend': Goldman Sachs executive who quit over firm's 'toxic' culture hailed a hero by friends (but bosses hit back at flamboyant public resignation) Dailymail, 2012.

M. Washington and E. J. Zajac, STATUS EVOLUTION AND COMPETITION: THEORY AND EVIDENCE., Academy of Management Journal, vol.48, issue.2, pp.282-296, 2005.
DOI : 10.5465/AMJ.2005.16928408

T. J. Watson, Rhetoric, discourse and argument in organizational sense making: A re!exive tale'. Organizational Studies, pp.805-821, 1995.

M. Weber, From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology, 1946.

B. Weiner, An attributional model of motivation and emotion, 1986.

A. F. Westin, -. Mcgraw, J. D. Westphal, and D. L. Deephouse, Whistle-blowing: Loyalty and dissent in the corporation Avoiding Bad Press: Interpersonal Influence in Relations Between CEOs and Journalists and the Consequences for Press Reporting About Firms and Their Leadership, Organization Science, vol.22, issue.4, pp.1061-1086, 1981.

M. Whitman, New World, New Rules: The Changing Role of the American Corporation, 1999.

B. M. Wiesenfeld, K. Wurthmann, and D. C. Hambrick, The Stigmatization and Devaluation of Elites Associated with Corporate Failures: A Process Model, Academy of Management Review, vol.33, issue.1, pp.231-251, 2008.
DOI : 10.5465/AMR.2008.27752771

P. T. Wong and B. Weiner, When people ask "why" questions, and the heuristics of attributional search., Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol.40, issue.4, pp.650-663, 1981.
DOI : 10.1037/0022-3514.40.4.650

P. Zanoni and M. Janssens, Deconstructing Difference: the Rhetoric of Human Resources Managers' Diversity Discourse, Organization Studies, pp.55-74, 2004.