A. Bibliographie, A. De-la, A. F. Valeur, . Expression, . Du et al., ANALYSE, 1991.

F. Aggeri and E. Paris, Environnement et pilotage de l'innovation: un modele dynamique du developpement durable: le cas du recyclage automobile (thèse), 1998.

F. Aggeri, Les phénomènes gestionnaires à l'épreuve de la pensée économique standard, Revue française de gestion, issue.5, pp.65-85, 2015.

M. Agogué, Modéliser l'effet des biais cognitifs sur les dynamiques industrielles: innovation orpheline et architecte de l'inconnu (thèse), 2012.

M. Agogué, K. Levillain, and S. Hooge, Gamification of Creativity: Exploring the Usefulness of Serious Games for Ideation, Creativity and Innovation Management, vol.23, issue.3, pp.415-429, 2015.
DOI : 10.1111/caim.12060

M. Akrich, M. Callon, and B. Latour, A quoi tient le succès des innovations? 1: L'art de l'intéressement, 1988.

C. Alexander, R. Loué, J. Engelmann, and J. Sinizergues, De la synthèse de la forme (original : Notes on the Synthesis of Form), 1964.

L. Anderlini and H. Sabourian, Some notes on the economics of barter, money and credit Barter, exchange and value: an anthropological approach, pp.75-106, 1992.

P. Andries, K. Et, and . Debackere, Adaptation in new technology-based ventures: Insights at the company level, International Journal of Management Reviews, vol.4, issue.2, pp.91-112, 2006.
DOI : 10.1002/smj.183

F. Arnoux, M. Backman, S. Börjesson, and S. Setterberg, Modéliser et organiser la conception innovante: le cas de l'innovation radicale dans les systèmes d'énergie aéronautiques (thèse) Ecole Nationale Working with concepts in the fuzzy front end: exploring the context for innovation for different types of concepts at Volvo Cars, R&d Management, vol.37, issue.1, pp.17-28, 2007.

J. Banke, Technology readiness levels demystified, 2010.

M. Barbier, F. Aggeri, P. Caron, B. Kurek, and P. L. Masson, Les fibres de l'innovation, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01268482

Y. Bellec, P. Corsi, and D. Lafon, Introducing a critical maturation phase within industrial DKCP processes, 2014.

B. Mahmoud-jouini, S. , C. Midler, V. Cruz, and N. Gaudron, Creative artefacts: how stimulators, demonstrators and prototypes contribute to the creative processes, 20th International Product Development Management Conference, 2013.

C. Ben-hafaïedh, Essai de mod??lisation de la constitution des ??quipes entrepreneuriales, Vie & sciences de l'entreprise, pp.11-36, 2013.
DOI : 10.3917/vse.193.0011

G. Biseau, Snecma-Sagem: une fusion en quête de sens Libération, 2004.

G. L. Bishop, S. P. Et, and . Magleby, A Review of Technology Push Product Development Models and Processes, Volume 3a: 16th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology, 2004.
DOI : 10.1115/DETC2004-57496

M. Borup, N. Brown, K. Konrad, and H. Van-lente, The sociology of expectations in science and technology, Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, vol.18, issue.3-4, pp.3-4, 2006.
DOI : 10.1080/09537320600777002

J. Boujut, E. Et, and . Blanco, Intermediary Objects as a Means to Foster Co-operation in Engineering Design, Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), vol.19, issue.2, pp.205-219, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-1-55860-092-8.50006-X

C. Bowman and V. Ambrosini, Value Creation Versus Value Capture: Towards a Coherent Definition of Value in Strategy, British Journal of Management, vol.11, issue.1, pp.1-15, 2000.
DOI : 10.1111/1467-8551.00147

D. Braha, Y. Et, and . Reich, Topological structures for modeling engineering design processes, Research in Engineering Design, vol.14, issue.4, pp.185-199, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/s00163-003-0035-3

I. Brown, Entre firme et usagers: des biens génératifs d'usages, Théorie des biens comme espaces de conception, 2013.

T. Brown, B. Katz, and L. Nicolaïeff, L'esprit design, 2010.

M. Buchenau, J. F. Et, and . Suri, Experience prototyping, Proceedings of the conference on Designing interactive systems processes, practices, methods, and techniques, DIS '00, 2000.
DOI : 10.1145/347642.347802

A. Caglio and A. Ditillo, A review and discussion of management control in inter-firm relationships: Achievements and future directions, Accounting, Organizations and Society, vol.33, issue.7-8, pp.865-898, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.aos.2008.08.001

R. Calvi, M. Et, and . Dain, Le partage de l'activité de conception entre un client et ses fournisseurs : quels modes de coordination adopter ? La Métamorphose des organisations : créer, innover, pp.200-215, 2003.

L. Cañibano, M. Garcia-ayuso, and P. Sanchez, Accounting and intangibles, Revista de Contabilidad, vol.21, issue.1, pp.102-130, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/j.rcsar.2017.12.001

P. R. Carlile, Transferring, Translating, and Transforming: An Integrative Framework for Managing Knowledge Across Boundaries, Organization Science, vol.15, issue.5, pp.555-568, 2004.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.1040.0094

C. Cautela, M. Et, and . Simoni, The evolutionary dynamics of product design during the early phases of a technological change. An explorative research in Italian lighting industry, 21st International Product Development Management Conference, 2014.

H. Chesbrough, What's Next for Open Innovation Research and Practice, Discours donné le 24 juin 2015 à la conférence R&D Management à Pise en Italie, 2015.

S. R. Chidamber and H. B. Kon, A research retrospective of innovation inception and success: the technology?push, demand?pull question, International Journal of Technology Management, vol.9, issue.1, pp.94-112, 1994.

J. K. Christiansen, C. J. Et, and . Varnes, Making Decisions on Innovation: Meetings or Networks?, Creativity and Innovation Management, vol.29, issue.3, pp.282-298, 2007.
DOI : 10.1177/030631289019003001

P. A. Clark and K. Starkey, Organization transitions and innovation-design, 1988.

R. G. Cooper, The new product process: an empirically-based classification scheme, R&D Management, vol.46, issue.604, pp.1-13, 1983.
DOI : 10.1016/0048-7333(74)90010-9

R. G. Cooper, Third-Generation New Product Processes, Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol.11, issue.1, pp.3-14, 1994.
DOI : 10.1111/1540-5885.1110003

R. G. Cooper, Managing Technology Development Projects, Research-Technology Management, vol.40, issue.4, pp.23-31, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0737-6782(99)00005-3

A. David, La recherche intervention, un cadre général pour les sciences de gestion, IXe Conférence Internationale de Management Stratégique, 2000.

B. Demil, X. Et, and . Lecocq, Crafting an innovative business model in an established company: The role of artifacts. Business models and modelling, pp.31-58, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01609547

L. Doganova, Faire valoir l'exploration collective: dynamiques, instruments et résultats des partenariats avec des spin-offs académiques (thèse) École Nationale Supérieure des Mines deCustomer value chain analysis, Research in Engineering Design, vol.16, issue.4, pp.174-183, 2006.
DOI : 10.4000/books.pressesmines.507

R. Drazin, M. A. Glynn, and R. Kazanjian, Purpose-built theories: A reply to Ford, Academy of Management Review, pp.285-287, 2000.

M. Elmquist, B. Et, and . Segrestin, Towards a New Logic for Front End Management: From Drug Discovery to Drug Design in Pharmaceutical R&D, Creativity and Innovation Management, vol.32, issue.2, pp.106-120, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/S0048-7333(97)00017-6

M. Elmquist, B. Et, and . Segrestin, Sustainable development through innovative design: lessons from the KCP method experimented with an automotive firm, International Journal of Automotive Technology and Management, vol.9, issue.2, pp.229-244, 2009.
DOI : 10.1504/IJATM.2009.026399

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00450992

O. Eris, Asking generative design questions: a fundamental cognitive mechanism in design thinking, International Conference on Engineering Design, 2003.

O. Eris, Insisting on truth at the expense of conceptualization: can engineering portfolios help?, International Journal of Engineering Education, vol.22, issue.3, p.551, 2007.

M. Eyquem-renault, Analyse pragmatique du business model et performations de marché dans l'entrepreneuriat technologique (thèse), 2011.

R. A. Finke, T. B. Ward, and S. M. Smith, Creative cognition: Theory, research, and applications, 1992.

D. Foray, L'économie de la connaissance, 2010.

G. , L. L. Et, and P. S. , La recherche en application aux Bell Labs -Comment mieux concevoir des moyens de communication (thèse), 2010.

J. L. Galindo, A case history of the United States Army RAH-66 Comanche helicopter, 2000.

G. Garel, Lessons in Creativity from the Innovative Design of the Swatch, Technology Innovation Management Review, vol.5, issue.7, pp.34-40, 2015.

T. Gidel, La maîtrise des risques par la conduite effective du processus décisionnel dans les projets de conception de produits nouveaux, 1999.

T. Gillier, Comprendre la génération des objets de coopération interentreprises par une théorie des co-raisonnements de conception: vers une nouvelle ingénierie des partenariats d'exploration technologique (thèse), Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine-INPL, 2010.

T. Gillier, S. Hooge, and G. Piat, Framing the scope of value in exploratory projects: An expansive value management model, International Product Development Management Conference, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00824354

T. Gillier, G. Et, and . Piat, Co-designing broad scope of technology-based applications in an exploratory partnership. INTERNATIONAL DESIGN CONFERENCE-DESIGN, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00289262

T. Gillier, G. Piat, and A. Kazakci, The creation of breakthrough concepts by design teams, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01011326

M. Glaser, B. Et, and . Miecznik, TRIZ for Reverse Inventing in Market Research: A Case Study from WITTENSTEIN AG, Identifying New Areas of Application of a Core Technology, Creativity and Innovation Management, vol.13, issue.2, pp.90-100, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-8691.2009.00516.x

J. Goldenberg, D. Et, and . Mazursky, Creativity in Product Innovation, 2002.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511674464

S. Gopalakrishnan, F. Et, and . Damanpour, Patterns of generation and adoption of innovation in organizations: Contingency models of innovation attributes, Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, vol.11, issue.2, pp.95-116, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0923-4748(94)90001-9

A. Gorod, B. Sauser, and J. Boardman, System-of-Systems Engineering Management: A Review of Modern History and a Path Forward, IEEE Systems Journal, vol.2, issue.4, pp.484-499, 2008.
DOI : 10.1109/JSYST.2008.2007163

S. Guennif, Incertitude, confiance et institution en échange marchand: recherche des fondements de la confiance et application au cas de la sous-traitance dans le secteur de la mécanique de précision (thèse), 2000.

J. P. Guilford, The structure of intellect., Psychological Bulletin, vol.53, issue.4, p.267, 1956.
DOI : 10.1037/h0040755

G. Hamel, C. K. Et, and . Prahalad, Corporate imagination and expeditionary marketing, Harvard business review, vol.69, issue.4, pp.81-92, 1990.

W. Hatchuel, L'expert et le système, 1990.

A. Hatchuel, L'intervention de chercheurs en entreprise. Eléments pour une approche comparative, pp.73-88, 1992.

A. Hatchuel, Connaissances, mod??les d'interaction et rationalisations - De la th??orie de l'entreprise ?? l'??conomie de la connaissance, Revue d'??conomie industrielle, vol.88, issue.1, pp.187-209, 1999.
DOI : 10.3406/rei.1999.1750

A. Hatchuel, Quel horizon pour les sciences de gestion? Vers une théorie de l'action collective, Les nouvelles fondations des Sciences de Gestion, pp.7-43, 2000.

A. Hatchuel, Towards Design Theory and expandable rationality: The unfinished program of Herbert Simon, Journal of Management and Governance, vol.5, issue.3/4, pp.260-273, 2001.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1014044305704

A. Hatchuel, Quelle analytique de la conception? Parure et pointe en design, 2006.

A. Hatchuel, Generic fractality and design theory. design theory Special Interest Group of the Design Society, MINES ParisTech, 2014.

A. Hatchuel, Apprentissages collectifs et activités de conception Revue française de gestion(8/n°253 (première publication dans la Revue française de gestion, pp.121-137, 1994.

A. Hatchuel, P. Le-masson, Y. Reich, and B. Weil, A systematic approach of design theories using generativeness and robustness, DS 68-2: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Engineering Design, pp.15-1908, 2011.

A. Hatchuel, P. Le-masson, Y. Reich, and B. Weil, A systematic approach of design theories using generativeness and robustness, DS 68-2: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Engineering Design, pp.15-1908, 2011.

A. Hatchuel and H. Molet, Rational modelling in understanding and aiding human decision-making: About two case studies, European Journal of Operational Research, vol.24, issue.1, pp.178-186, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/0377-2217(86)90024-X

A. Hatchuel and B. Weil, La théorie CK: Fondements et usages d'une théorie unifiée de la conception, Colloque «Sciences de la conception» tenu à Lyon les 15 et 16 mars, 2002.

U. Högman and H. Johannesson, Applying stage-gate processes to technology development???Experience from six hardware-oriented companies, Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, vol.30, issue.3, pp.264-287, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jengtecman.2013.05.002

S. Hooge, Performance de la R&D en rupture et des stratégies d'innovation: organisation, pilotage et modèle d'adhésion (thèse), 2010.

S. Hooge, M. Agogué, and T. Gillier, A new methodology for advanced engineering design: Lessons from experimenting CK Theory driven tools. International Design Conference-Design, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00696985

S. Hooge, A. Et, and . David, What makes an efficient theme for a creativity session? XXIth International Development Management Conference (IPDMC), 2014.

D. G. Jansson, S. M. Et, and . Smith, Design fixation, Design Studies, vol.12, issue.1, pp.3-11, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0142-694X(91)90003-F

F. Jean, P. Le-masson, and B. Weil, Convince me or commit me? Avoid the cognitive trap induced by non-human actors in early stages of NPD, 21st International Product Development Management Conference, p.Irlande, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00976059

F. Jean, L. Masson, P. Weil, and B. , « Engage engineers as designers to generate new meanings in concept generation, Article présenté au séminaire R&D Management Conference 2015 à Pise en Italie. [Article R&DM, 2015.

F. Jean, P. Le-masson, and B. Weil, Inverse Technology C-K in Environment C-K to overcome design fixation, International Conference on Engineering Design ICED 2015, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01139916

F. Jean, L. Masson, P. Weil, and B. , « Sourcing Innovation: probing Technology Readiness Levels with a design framework, Article présenté au séminaire SIG Innovation EURAM In-between event 2015 à Paris en France. [Article EURAM, 2015.

A. Kazakçi, La théorie CKE comme fondement théorique pour les assistants de conception : DesigNAR, un assistant de synthèse de concept basé sur la théorie CKE (thèse), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines deUse-value, exchange value, and the demise of Marx's labor theory of value, Journal of the History of Economic Thought, vol.15, issue.01, pp.107-121, 1993.

S. Keen, The roving cavaliers of credit Steve Keen's Debt Watch http, 2009.

K. Chen, M. Paris, . Enmp, R. Koch, K. Et et al., Conception" low cost" innovante dans des réseaux de valeur complexes: Le cas du transport public (thèseThe Dynamics and Functions of Self-Organization in the Fuzzy Front End: Empirical Evidence from the Austrian Semiconductor Industry, Creativity and Innovation Management, vol.17, issue.3, pp.216-226, 2008.

O. Kokshagina, . Paristech, V. Krishnan, K. T. Et, and . Ulrich, Doctorat ParisTech (thèse) Centre de Gestion Scientifique MinesProduct development decisions: A review of the literature, Management science, vol.47, issue.1, pp.1-21, 2001.

E. Kroll, P. Le-masson, and B. Weil, Steepest-first exploration with learning-based path evaluation: uncovering the design strategy of parameter analysis with C???K theory, Research in Engineering Design, vol.34, issue.4, pp.351-373, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.destud.2013.01.002

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01070428

J. Labatut, The management of common goods: design processes and cooperation regimes in the management of animal genetic ressources (thèse), 2009.

J. Legardeur, Le management des idées en conception innovante: pour une hybridation des outils d'aide aux développements créatifs, Université Sciences et Technologies-Bordeaux I, p.283, 2009.

L. Dain, Développement de produit nouveau avec les fournisseurs : les didascalies d'une collaboration performante (Habilitation à diriger des recherches) Gestion et management, p.2015, 2015.

L. Dain, M. , R. Calvi, and S. Cheriti, Developing an approach for design-or-buy-design decision-making, Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, vol.16, issue.2, pp.77-87, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pursup.2010.03.010

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00551347

L. Dain, M. Et, and V. Merminod, Le partage de connaissances dans un projet de cod??veloppement. Le cas des black box, Revue fran??aise de gestion, vol.40, issue.239, pp.121-142, 2014.
DOI : 10.3166/rfg.239.121-142

L. Gal, Les épreuves de valuation dans le design de services innovants : le rôle des représentations visuelles (thèse de doctorat), 2016.

L. Lous and . Pajot, La recherche en applications aux Bell Labs : comment mieux concevoir des MOYENS de communication, 2010.

L. Masson, P. , F. Aggeri, M. Barbier, and P. Caron, Taming Technological Bubbles by Managing Generative Expectations. The " Building with Hemp " Case Study, 2011.

L. Masson, P. , K. Dorst, and E. Subrahmanian, Design theory: history, state of the art and advancements, Research in Engineering Design, vol.15, issue.2, pp.97-103, 2013.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.1200902109

L. Masson, P. , A. Hatchuel, and B. Weil, The Interplay between Creativity Issues and Design Theories: A New Perspective for Design Management Studies?, Creativity and Innovation Management, vol.29, issue.4, pp.217-237, 2011.
DOI : 10.1006/obhd.2000.2888

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00696122

L. Masson, P. Et, and B. Weil, De la R&D à, 2001.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00696134

L. Masson, P. Et, and B. Weil, Réinventer l'entreprise : la gestion collégiale des inconnus communs non appropriables. L'entreprise, 2014.

L. Masson, P. , B. Weil, and A. Hatchuel, Les processus d'innovation: Conception innovante et croissance des entreprises, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00830210

L. Masson, P. , B. Weil, and A. Hatchuel, Strategic management of innovation and design, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00696953

D. Legeais, Droit commercial et des affaires, 2012.

D. Legeais, Droit commercial et des affaires, 2013.

O. Lelebina, La gestion des experts en entreprise: dynamique des collectifs de professionnels et offre de parcours (thèse), 2014.

J. N. Lieberman, Playfulness: its relationship to imagination and creativity, 1977.

C. H. Loch, M. E. Solt, and E. M. Bailey, Diagnosing Unforeseeable Uncertainty in a New Venture*, Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol.17, issue.(5, pp.28-46, 2008.
DOI : 10.2307/41165973

S. Macaulay, Non-contractual relations in business: A preliminary study American sociological review, pp.55-67, 1963.

P. R. Magnusson, Benefits of involving users in service innovation, European Journal of Innovation Management, vol.6, issue.4, pp.228-238, 2003.
DOI : 10.1108/03090569610118803

P. R. Magnusson, Exploring the Contributions of Involving Ordinary Users in Ideation of Technology-Based Services, Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol.2, issue.(2), pp.578-593, 2009.
DOI : 10.2307/41165852

P. R. Magnusson, J. Netz, and E. Wästlund, Exploring holistic intuitive idea screening in the light of formal criteria, Technovation, vol.34, issue.5-6, pp.315-326, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.technovation.2014.03.003

V. Mangematin, La confiance: un mode de coordination dont l'utilisation dépend de ses conditions de production, 1998.

R. Maniak, X. Polytechnique, R. Maniak, C. Et, and . Midler, Shifting from co-development to co-innovation, International Journal of Automotive Technology and Management, vol.8, issue.4, pp.449-468, 2008.
DOI : 10.1504/IJATM.2008.020313

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00404179

J. C. Mankins, Technology readiness levels, White Paper, 1995.

J. C. Mankins, Technology readiness assessments: A retrospective, Acta Astronautica, vol.65, issue.9-10, pp.1216-1223, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actaastro.2009.03.058

S. Marchand, Mathias Fink, 2014.

M. Marheineke, H. Habicht, and K. M. Möslein, Standing in Misunderstanding: Analyzing Boundary Objects' Effectiveness in Innovation Communities, R&D Management Conference 2014, 2014.
DOI : 10.1111/radm.12216

URL : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/radm.12216/pdf

S. K. Markham, Moving Technologies from Lab To Market, Research-Technology Management, vol.13, issue.6, pp.31-42, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/0923-4748(91)90012-G

S. K. Markham, Product champions: Crossing the valley of death, Belliveau P, pp.119-140, 2004.

S. K. Markham, S. J. Ward, L. Aiman?smith, and A. I. Kingon, The Valley of Death as Context for Role Theory in Product Innovation, Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol.4, issue.(4), pp.402-417, 2010.
DOI : 10.1109/TEM.1971.6448350

I. P. Mccarthy, C. Tsinopoulos, P. Allen, and C. Rose-anderssen, New Product Development as a Complex Adaptive System of Decisions, Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol.14, issue.4, pp.437-456, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0048-7333(98)00041-9

J. Mckay and P. Marshall, The dual imperatives of action research, Information Technology & People, vol.14, issue.1, pp.46-59, 2001.
DOI : 10.2307/2392581

T. J. Mcquade, S. W. Salant, and J. A. Winfree, Markets with Untraceable Goods of Unknown Quality: A Market Failure Exacerbated by Globalization, SSRN Electronic Journal, 2010.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.1588241

S. Mednick, The associative basis of the creative process., Psychological Review, vol.69, issue.3, p.220, 1962.
DOI : 10.1037/h0048850

S. Mer, A. Jeantet, and S. Tichkiewitch, Les objets intermédiaires de la conception: modélisation et communication, J. Caelen et K. Zreik, 1995.

S. Mhay, C. Et, and . Coburn, Request for. Procurement Processes (RFT RFQ RFP RFI) The Negotiation Experts. Retrieved from negotiations, 2009.

C. Midler, G. Garel, and A. Kesseler, Le co-développement, définitions, enjeux et problèmes, pp.95-108, 1997.

C. Midler, G. Minguet, and M. Vervaeke, Working on Innovation, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01016645

C. Midler, G. Minguet, and M. Vervaeke, Working on innovation, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01016645

J. Moisdon, Recherche en gestion et intervention Revue française de gestion (article réédité en, pp.21-39, 1984.
DOI : 10.3166/rfg.253.21-39

J. Morgan, Manufacturing Readiness Levels (MRLs) and Manufacturing Readiness Assessments (MRAs), DTIC Document, 2008.

J. Morgan, Manufacturing Readiness Level (MRL) Deskbook, O. M. T. P. I. c. w. T. J. S. I. M, 2015.

W. Group, Version 2, 2015.

S. Myers, D. Et, and . Marquis, Successful Industrial Innovation. National Science Foundation, 1969.

R. Naggar, Le canevas de la créativité: Un modèle économique pour la gestion du savoir et des idées, 2015.

W. Nolte, R. Kruse, and L. Facetapp, Readiness level proliferation, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Fairborn OH: Air Force Research Laboratory, 2012.

O. 'brien, H. L. Et, and E. G. Toms, What is user engagement? A conceptual framework for defining user engagement with technology, Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, vol.18, issue.6, pp.938-955, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/1-4020-2967-5_5

O. Reilly, C. A. , and M. L. Tushman, The ambidextrous organization, Harvard business review, vol.82, issue.4, pp.74-83, 2004.

A. Orléan, L'empire de la valeur: refonder l'économie, 2011.

A. Osterwalder, The business model ontology: A proposition in a design science approach, 2004.

A. Osterwalder, Achieve product market fit with our brand new value proposition designer canvas, Business Model Alchemists, 2012.

F. Paun, Demand Readiness Level as equilibrium tool for the hybridization between Technology Push and Market Pull Approaches. ANR-ERANET Workshop, 2011.

X. Pavie, C. Jouanny, D. Carthy, and F. Vérez, Le design thinking au service de l'innovation responsable, 2015.

M. K. Poetz, M. Et, and . Schreier, The Value of Crowdsourcing: Can Users Really Compete with Professionals in Generating New Product Ideas?, Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol.40, issue.4, 2012.
DOI : 10.1287/mnsc.40.4.429

H. Pohl, A. Styhre, and M. Elmquist, : THE STORY OF A POWER-SPLIT TECHNOLOGY FOR HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES, International Journal of Innovation Management, vol.63, issue.01, pp.47-64, 2009.
DOI : 10.1080/13691180701409770

M. E. Porter, Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance : with a New Introduction, 1985.

M. E. Porter, Competitive Advantage of Nations, 1990.

A. T. Purcell and J. S. Gero, Design and other types of fixation', Design Studies, pp.363-383, 1996.

H. Raiffa, Decision Analysis: Introductory Lectures on Choices Under Uncertainty., The Statistician, vol.19, issue.2, 1968.
DOI : 10.2307/2987280

Y. Reich, A critical review of General Design Theory, Research in Engineering Design, vol.5, issue.1, pp.1-18, 1995.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-72945-4_18

Y. Reich, A. Hatchuel, O. Shai, and E. Subrahmanian, A theoretical analysis of creativity methods in engineering design: casting and improving ASIT within C???K theory, Journal of Engineering Design, vol.15, issue.2, pp.137-158, 2012.
DOI : 10.1007/s10845-007-0044-6

S. E. Reid, U. Et, and . De-brentani, The Fuzzy Front End of New Product Development for Discontinuous Innovations: A Theoretical Model, Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol.21, issue.3, pp.170-184, 2004.
DOI : 10.1111/j.0737-6782.2004.00068.x

J. Riot and F. Rochelandet, Le management de l'environnement à travers ses instruments: De la diffusion d'outils à la construction de dynamiques d'action collective pour l'innovation environnementale (thèse), 2010.

E. Rogers, Diffusion of innovation, 1983.

R. Rothwell, Successful industrial innovation: critical factors for the 1990s, R&D Management, vol.3, issue.2, pp.221-240, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0166-4972(89)90022-9

R. Rothwell, Successful industrial innovation: critical factors for the 1990s, R&D Management, vol.3, issue.2, pp.221-240, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0166-4972(89)90022-9

S. R. Sadin, F. P. Povinelli, and R. Rosen, The NASA technology push towards future space mission systems, Acta Astronautica, vol.20, pp.73-77, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/0094-5765(89)90054-4

. Safran, SPEC : à la recherche de l'avion plus électrique. SAFRAN magazine, 2010.

J. Sapir, Le Troc et le Paradoxe de la Monnaie, Journal des anthropologues. Association française des anthropologues, pp.90-91, 2002.

M. A. Saren, A classification and review of models of the intra-firm innovation process, R&D Management, vol.9, issue.2, pp.11-24, 1984.
DOI : 10.1126/science.183.4125.620

L. J. Savage, The foundations of statistics, Courier Corporation, 1972.

M. Schrage, Cultures of prototyping. Bringing design to software, pp.191-213, 1996.

B. Segrestin, Managing exploratory partnerships: specificities, crises and forms of rationalization (thèse), 2003.

J. Servet, L'institution monétaire de la société selon Karl Polanyi, Revue économique, vol.44, issue.6, pp.1127-1150, 1993.
DOI : 10.2307/3502271

J. Servet, Le troc primitif, un mythe fondateur d'une approche ??conomiste de la monnaie, Revue numismatique, vol.6, issue.157, pp.15-32, 2001.
DOI : 10.3406/numi.2001.2314

URL : http://www.persee.fr/docAsPDF/numi_0484-8942_2001_num_6_157_2314.pdf

M. E. Shaw and P. R. Costanzo, Theories of Social Psychology, 1982.

S. L. Star, J. R. Et, and . Griesemer, Institutional Ecology, `Translations' and Boundary Objects: Amateurs and Professionals in Berkeley's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, 1907-39, Social Studies of Science, vol.19, issue.3, pp.387-420, 1989.
DOI : 10.1177/030631289019003001

U. Steinhorst, P. Et, and . Commin, EADS Innovation Nursery??: faire m??rir les initiatives innovantes, Le journal de l'école de Paris du management, pp.32-38, 2013.
DOI : 10.3917/jepam.102.0032

J. Straub, In search of technology readiness level (TRL) 10, Aerospace Science and Technology, vol.46, pp.312-320, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ast.2015.07.007

N. P. Suh, The principles of design, 1990.

A. Sukhov, P. Magnusson, and L. Olsson, A conceptual model of the idea construct in innovation contexts, Academy of Management Annual Meeting, 2015.
DOI : 10.5465/AMBPP.2015.17256abstract

M. Szpirglas, Genesis and mecanisms of qui pro quo (misunderstanding): theoretical and organisationnal approach of new forms of industrial risk management (thèse), p.2027, 2006.

F. Taurand, Barter in monetary economies, L'Actualit?? ??conomique, vol.62, issue.2, pp.236-256, 1986.
DOI : 10.2307/1991230

D. J. Teece, Capturing Value from Knowledge Assets: The New Economy, Markets for Know-How, and Intangible Assets, California Management Review, vol.15, issue.3, pp.55-79, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/0048-7333(86)90027-2

D. J. Teece, G. Pisano, and A. Shuen, Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management, p.509, 1997.
DOI : 10.1093/0199248540.003.0013

A. Testart, Echange marchand, echange non marchand, Revue française de sociologie, pp.719-748, 2001.
DOI : 10.2307/3322738

M. L. Tushman, C. A. Et, and . Reilly, Ambidextrous Organizations: Managing Evolutionary and Revolutionary Change, California Management Review, vol.18, issue.4, pp.8-30, 1996.
DOI : 10.2307/41166580

R. Verganti, Design driven innovation: changing the rules of competition by radically innovating what things mean, 2013.
DOI : 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199694945.013.006

D. Vinck, De l'objet interm??diaire ?? l'objet-fronti??re, Revue d'anthropologie des connaissances, vol.3, issue.1, pp.51-72, 2009.
DOI : 10.3917/rac.006.0051

D. Vinck, A. Jeantet, and P. Laureillard, Objects and Other Intermediaries in the Sociotechnical Process of Product Design: an exploratory approach The role of design in the shaping of technology, pp.297-320, 1996.

V. Hippel and E. , Lead Users: A Source of Novel Product Concepts, Management Science, vol.32, issue.7, pp.791-805, 1986.
DOI : 10.1287/mnsc.32.7.791

A. Wald, Statistical decision functions, 1950.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4612-0919-5_22

L. Walras, Éléments d'économie politique pure ou Théorie de la richesse sociale, 1874.

R. K. Yin, Case study research: Design and methods, Sage publications Edition consultée : Fourth Edition, Applied Social Research Methods Series, 1984.

F. Zirpoli, A. Et, and . Camuffo, Product architecture, inter-firm vertical coordination and knowledge partitioning in the auto industry, European Management Review, vol.33, issue.3, pp.250-264, 2009.
DOI : 10.5465/AMR.2008.32465693