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K. Flanagan, P. Branchu, and M. Gromaire, Les ouvrages de biorétention: synthèse des guides internationaux de conception et de maintenance des filtres plantés pour traitement à la source des eaux de ruissellement urbaines, Techniques Sciences et Méthodes, vol.12, pp.89-124, 2017.

K. Flanagan, P. Branchu, L. Boudahmane, E. Caupos, D. Demare et al.,

D. Tedoldi, K. Flanagan, G. Chebbo, P. Branchu, D. Pierlot et al.,

K. Flanagan, P. Branchu, L. Boudahmane, E. Caupos, D. Demare et al.,

K. Flanagan, P. Branchu, P. Branchu, L. Boudahmane, E. Caupos et al.,

. Gromaire, Stochastic method for evaluating the removal, fate and associated uncertainties of micropollutants in stormwater biofilters at an annual scale

, Dans des conférences nationales et internationales

K. Flanagan, T. Kanso, D. Ramier, P. Dubois, E. Thomas et al.,

. Gromaire, Caractérisation des transferts d'eau dans une bande enherbée faisant partie d'un ouvrage végétalisé de filtration/infiltration des eaux de ruissellement de voirie, Journées Scientifiques de Groupe Francophone, 2015.

K. Flanagan and E. Thomas, Maîtrise des micropolluants dans les eaux de ruissellement des voiries et parking urbaines : projet Roulépur et expérimentation en cours en Seine-et-Marne, Présentation orale à la Journée Technique : Evolution de l'assainissement routier, 2016.

D. Ramier, E. Caupos, P. Branchu, P. Dubois, K. Flanagan et al., Mesurer l'éfficacité des techniques alternatives pour la maîtrise des flux polluants : un challenge métrologique, 2016.

K. Flanagan, P. Branchu, D. Ramier, and M. Gromaire, , 2016.

K. Flanagan, D. Tedoldi, P. Branchu, and M. Gromaire, Characterisation du fonctionnement d'un ouvrage de gestion à la source du ruissellement de voirie: approche par modélisation hydrologique et par cartographie de la contamination du sol, Présentation orale aux Journées Doctorales en Hydrologie Urbaine, 2016.

P. Branchu, C. Franck-néel, K. Flanagan, D. Tedoldi, and L. Jean-sorro, Use of Field portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) for ordinary urban soils : illustration of various applications, Présentation orale à la 9eme Conference Soils of Urban, Industrial, Traffic, Mining and Military Areas, 2017.

K. Flanagan, S. Deshayes, M. Saad, E. Caupos, L. Boudahmane et al., Water quality performance of road runoff biofilters : retention of particulate and dissolved phase micropollutants, Présentation orale à la 14th International Conference on Urban Drainage, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02065482

S. Deshayes, J. Gasperi, E. Caupos, P. Labadie, H. Budzinski et al., Study of twelves families of emerging pollutants in road and car part runoff, Présentation orale à la 14th International Conference on Urban Drainage, 2017.

D. Tedoldi, K. Flanagan, G. Chebbo, P. Branchu, and M. Gromaire, Towards a better identification of contaminant retention mechanisms in SUDS soil : Zr and Rb as indirect tracers of sediment accumulation, Présentation orale à la 14th International Conference on Urban Drainage

D. Tedoldi, K. Flanagan, P. Branchu, G. Chebbo, and M. Gromaire, Evaluation des capacités de retention des métaux par le sol des ouvrages d'infiltration: une méthodologie améliorée, 2018.

, Les échantillonneurs plans (plaques poreuses, lysimètre à mèche)

, Un appareil de zéro tension n'exerce pas de succion sur le sol pour extraire un échantillon. Ainsi, l'eau n'est extrait que quand la tension au-dessus le lysimètre atteint zéro, ce qui correspond à la saturation. Ainsi, ce type d'appareil peut fonctionner bien dans un sol souvent proche à la saturation ou ayant des écoulements préférentiels importants, 2009.

, Si un lysimètre exerce une tension, idéalement cette succion serait égale à la tension matricielle du sol ambient. Dans le cas où elle est inférieure (moins négative) à la tension ambiante, le comportement du système sera similaire au cas d'un lysimètre sans tension, avec l'exception que le seuil à partir duquel la collection se fera est égale à la succion exercée et non pas une tension de zéro. Si la succion est supérieure (plus négative) à celle du sol ambient, le résultat sera un sur-échantillonnage qui changera l'écoulement de l'eau dans le sol ambient, par exemple par la création d'un écoulement préférentiel vers l'échantillonneur, De plus, la création d'une zone saturée peut mener à une divergence d'eau autour du lysimètre, ce qui diminue encore plus son rendement d'échantillonnage, 2007.

, lysimètre à mèches), il faut choisir une succion bien adaptée aux valeurs typiques de la tension matricielle du sol où l'appareil est installé. Knutson et Selker (1994) ont présenté une méthode pour bien choisir des mèches en rapport avec les caractéristiques d'un sol et Mertens et al, Afin d'éviter ces problèmes, si on utilise un système à succion fixe (bougie poreuse, plaque poreuse, 2007.

, Cependant, la tension d'un sol naturel n'est pas constante dans le temps ; ainsi, la performance d'un appareil de ce type est variable en fonction de l'accord entre la succion exercé et la tension du sol

. Napier, surtout en conditions non-saturées, des études sur d'autres types d'ouvrage d'infiltration ont été prises en compte, ainsi que quelques études provenant des domaines des sites et sols pollués, 1998.

, A une profondeur d'environ 20 cm sous l'accotement végétalisé du bief 2

, A une profondeur d'environ 40 cm sous le fond du fossé du bief 2

, A une profondeur d'environ 10 cm sous le fond du fossé du bief 3

, A une profondeur d'environ 40 cm sous le fond du fossé du bief 3

?. Cambier and . Mercier, , 2015.

, Un problème avec ce type de système pour nos objectifs est que l'échantillonnage, étant passif, se fait en continu

U. Systèmes,

, carbure de silicium (SIC) et verre borosilicate. Comme discuté dans la section précédente, le nylon est optimal pour l'échantillonnage des métaux, alors que le SiC semble être un choix raisonnable pour les matériaux organiques, UMS produit des bougies et des plaques poreuses en plusieurs matériaux : Al2O3 céramique, polyethylène/nylon (SPE)

, Plusieurs types de pompage sont possible : on peut imaginer d'appliquer une tension constante ou une tension variable en fonction de celui mesuré in-situ

, Trois types d'équipements pourraient être pertinants pour notre site : la SIC 20 bougie poreuse, la SIC 40 bougie poreuse, la SPE bougie poreuse et les SIC plaques poreuses, UMS produit des systèmes de bougies et de plaques poreuses

L. Alletto, enseignant-chercheur à l'Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan, 2015.

, Selon le site web d'UMS, l'applicabilité de ce matériel à l'étude de métaux lourds reste à confirmer

, Alternativement, nous pourrions imaginer l'utilisation de bougies SPE 20

, Ensuite, les deux échantillons seront apportés à Créteil, puis filtrés sur GFF et conditionnés dans les flacons de 250 mL pour l'analyse des phtalates