Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Christiana Kartsonaki (1) , J Kenneth Baillie , Noelia García Barrio , Joaquín Baruch , Abigail Beane , Lucille Blumberg , Fernando Bozza , Tessa Broadley , Aidan Burrell , Gail Carson , Barbara Wanjiru Citarella , Andrew Dagens , Emmanuelle Dankwa , Christl Donnelly , Jake Dunning , Loubna Elotmani , Martina Escher , Nataly Farshait , Jean-Christophe Goffard , Bronner Gonçalves , Matthew Hall , Madiha Hashmi , Benedict Sim Lim Heng , Antonia Ho , Waasila Jassat , Miguel Pedrera Jiménez , Cedric Laouenan (2) , Samantha Lissauer , Ignacio Martin-Loeches , France Mentré , Laura Merson , Ben Morton , Daniel Munblit , Nikita Nekliudov , Alistair Nichol , Budha Charan Singh Oinam , David Ong , Prasan Kumar Panda , Michele Petrovic , Mark Pritchard , Nagarajan Ramakrishnan , Grazielle Viana Ramos , Claire Roger , Oana Sandulescu , Malcolm Semple , Pratima Sharma , Louise Sigfrid , Emily Somers , Anca Streinu-Cercel , Fabio Taccone , Pavan Kumar Vecham , Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan , Jia Wei , Evert-Jan Wils , Xin Ci Wong , Peter Horby , Amanda Rojek (1) , Piero Olliaro (1) , Ali Abbas , Sheryl Ann Abdukahil , Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir , Ryuzo Abe , Laurent Abel , Lara Absil , Subhash Acharya , Andrew Acker , Elisabeth Adam , Diana Adrião , Saleh Al Ageel , Shakeel Ahmed , Kate Ainscough , Eka Airlangga , Tharwat Aisa , Ali Ait Hssain , Younes Ait Tamlihat , Takako Akimoto , Ernita Akmal , Eman Al Qasim , Razi Alalqam , Angela Alberti , Tala Al-Dabbous , Senthilkumar Alegesan , Cynthia Alegre , Marta Alessi , Beatrice Alex , Kévin Alexandre , Abdulrahman Al-Fares , Huda Alfoudri , Imran Ali , Adam Ali , Naseem Ali Shah , Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou , Jeffrey Aliudin , Qabas Alkhafajee , Clotilde Allavena , Nathalie Allou , Aneela Altaf , João Alves , Rita Alves , João Melo Alves , Maria Amaral , Nur Amira , Phoebe Ampaw , Roberto Andini , Claire Andréjak (3) , Andrea Angheben , François Angoulvant , Séverine Ansart , Sivanesen Anthonidass , Massimo Antonelli , Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito , Ardiyan Apriyana , Yaseen Arabi , Irene Aragao , Francisco Arancibia , Carolline Araujo , Antonio Arcadipane , Patrick Archambault , Lukas Arenz , Jean-Benoît Arlet , Christel Arnold-Day , Lovkesh Arora , Rakesh Arora , Elise Artaud-Macari , Diptesh Aryal , Angel Asensio , Muhammad Ashraf , Namra Asif , Mohammad Asim , Jean Baptiste Assie , Amirul Asyraf , Anika Atique , A Attanyake , Johann Auchabie , Hugues Aumaitre , Adrien Auvet , Laurène Azemar , Cecile Azoulay , Benjamin Bach , Delphine Bachelet , Claudine Badr , Nadia Baig , J Kevin Baird , Erica Bak , Agamemnon Bakakos , Nazreen Abu Bakar , Andriy Bal , Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan , Valeria Balan , Firouzé Bani-Sadr , Renata Barbalho , Nicholas Yuri Barbosa , Wendy Barclay , Saef Umar Barnett , Michaela Barnikel , Helena Barrasa , Audrey Barrelet , Cleide Barrigoto , Marie Bartoli , Mustehan Bashir , Romain Basmaci , Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri , Denise Battaglini , Jules Bauer , Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon , Denisse Bazan Dow , Alexandra Bedossa , Ker Hong Bee , Husna Begum , Sylvie Behilill , Albertus Beishuizen , Aleksandr Beljantsev , David Bellemare , Anna Beltrame , Beatriz Amorim Beltrão , Marine Beluze , Nicolas Benech , Lionel Eric Benjiman , Dehbia Benkerrou , Suzanne Bennett , Luís Bento , Jan-Erik Berdal , Delphine Bergeaud , Hazel Bergin , José Luis Bernal Sobrino , Giulia Bertoli , Lorenzo Bertolino , Simon Bessis , Sybille Bevilcaqua , Karine Bezulier , Amar Bhatt , Krishna Bhavsar , Claudia Bianco , Farah Nadiah Bidin , Moirangthem Bikram Singh , Felwa Bin Humaid , Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin , François Bissuel , Patrick Biston , Laurent Bitker , Jonathan Bitton , Pablo Blanco-Schweizer , Catherine Blier , Frank Bloos , Mathieu Blot , Filomena Boccia , Laetitia Bodenes , Alice Bogaarts , Debby Bogaert , Anne-Hélène Boivin , Pierre-Adrien Bolze , François Bompart , Aurelius Bonfasius , Diogo Borges , Raphaël Borie , Hans Martin Bosse , Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers , Lila Bouadma , Olivier Bouchaud , Sabelline Bouchez , Dounia Bouhmani , Damien Bouhour , Kévin Bouiller , Laurence Bouillet , Camile Bouisse , Anne-Sophie Boureau , John Bourke , Maude Bouscambert , Aurore Bousquet , Jason Bouziotis , Bianca Boxma , Marielle Boyer-Besseyre , Maria Boylan , Axelle Braconnier , Cynthia Braga , Timo Brandenburger , Filipa Brás Monteiro , Luca Brazzi , Patrick Breen , Dorothy Breen , Patrick Breen , Kathy Brickell , Shaunagh Browne , Alex Browne , Nicolas Brozzi , Marjolein Brusse-Keizer , Nina Buchtele , Christian Buesaquillo , Polina Bugaeva , Marielle Buisson , Danilo Buonsenso , Erlina Burhan , Ingrid Bustos , Denis Butnaru , André Cabie , Susana Cabral , Eder Caceres , Cyril Cadoz , Mia Callahan , Kate Calligy , Jose Andres Calvache , João Camões , Valentine Campana , Paul Campbell , Josie Campisi , Cecilia Canepa , Mireia Cantero , Pauline Caraux-Paz , Sheila Cárcel , Chiara Simona Cardellino , Sofia Cardoso , Filipe Cardoso , Filipa Cardoso , Nelson Cardoso , Simone Carelli , Nicolas Carlier , Thierry Carmoi , Gayle Carney , Inês Carqueja , Marie-Christine Carret , François Martin Carrier , Ida Carroll , Maire-Laure Casanova , Mariana Cascão , Siobhan Casey , José Casimiro , Bailey Cassandra , Silvia Castañeda , Nidyanara Castanheira , Guylaine Castor-Alexandre , Henry Castrillón , Ivo Castro , Ana Catarino , François-Xavier Catherine , Paolo Cattaneo , Roberta Cavalin , Giulio Giovanni Cavalli , Alexandros Cavayas , Adrian Ceccato , Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez , Anissa Chair , Catherine Chakveatze , Adrienne Chan , Meera Chand , Christelle Chantalat Auger , Jean-Marc Chapplain , Julie Chas , Allegra Chatterjee , Mobin Chaudry , Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez , Anjellica Chen , Yih-Sharng Chen , Matthew Pellan Cheng , Antoine Cheret , Thibault Chiarabini , Julian Chica , Suresh Kumar Chidambaram , Leong Chin Tho , Catherine Chirouze , Davide Chiumello , Sung-Min Cho , Bernard Cholley , Marie-Charlotte Chopin , Ting Soo Chow , Yock Ping Chow , Hiu Jian Chua , Jonathan Chua , Jose Pedro Cidade , José Miguel Cisneros Herreros , Anna Ciullo , Jennifer Clarke , Emma Clarke , Rolando Claure-Del Granado , Sara Clohisey , Perren Cobb , Cassidy Codan , Caitriona Cody , Alexandra Coelho , Megan Coles , Gwenhaël Colin , Michael Collins , Sebastiano Maria Colombo , Pamela Combs , Marie Connor , Anne Conrad , Sofía Contreras , Elaine Conway , Graham Cooke , Mary Copland , Hugues Cordel , Amanda Corley , Sabine Cornelis , Alexander Daniel Cornet , Arianne Joy Corpuz , Andrea Cortegiani , Grégory Corvaisier , Emma Costigan , Camille Couffignal , Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues , Roxane Courtois , Stéphanie Cousse , Rachel Cregan , Charles Crepy d'Orleans , Cosimo Cristella , Sabine Croonen , Gloria Crowl , Jonathan Crump , Claudina Cruz , Juan Luis Cruz Berm , Jaime Cruz Rojo , Marc Csete , Ailbhe Cullen , Matthew Cummings , Gerard Curley , Elodie Curlier , Colleen Curran , Paula Custodio , Ana da Silva Filipe , Charlene da Silveira , Al-Awwab Dabaliz , Darren Dahly , Heidi Dalton , Jo Dalton , Seamus Daly , Nick Daneman , Corinne Daniel , Jorge Dantas , Frédérick d'Aragon , Menno de Jong , Gillian de Loughry , Diego de Mendoza , Etienne de Montmollin , Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França , Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira , Rosanna de Rosa , Cristina de Rose , Thushan de Silva , Peter de Vries , Jillian Deacon , David Dean , Alexa Debard , Marie-Pierre Debray , Nathalie Decastro , William Dechert , Lauren Deconninck , Romain Decours , Eve Defous , Isabelle Delacroix , Eric Delaveuve , Karen Delavigne , Nathalie Delfos , Ionna Deligiannis , Andrea Dell'Amore , Christelle Delmas , Pierre Delobel , Corine Delsing , Elisa Demonchy , Emmanuelle Denis , Dominique Deplanque , Pieter Depuydt , Mehul Desai , Diane Descamps , Mathilde Desvallées , Santi Dewayanti , Pathik Dhanger , Alpha Diallo , Sylvain Diamantis , André Dias , Juan Jose Diaz , Priscila Diaz , Rodrigo Diaz , Kévin Didier , Jean-Luc Diehl , Wim Dieperink , Jérôme Dimet , Vincent Dinot , Fara Diop , Alphonsine Diouf , Yael Dishon , Félix Djossou , Annemarie Docherty , Helen Doherty , Arjen Dondorp , Andy Dong , Maria Donnelly , Sean Donohue , Yoann Donohue , Chloe Donohue , Peter Doran , Céline Dorival , Eric d'Ortenzio , James Joshua Douglas , Renee Douma , Nathalie Dournon , Triona Downer , Joanne Downey , Mark Downing , Tom Drake , Aoife Driscoll , Murray Dryden , Murray Dryden , Claudio Duarte Fonseca , Vincent Dubee , François Dubos , Alexandre Ducancelle , Toni Duculan , Susanne Dudman , Abhijit Duggal , Paul Dunand , Mathilde Duplaix , Emanuele Durante-Mangoni , Lucian Durham , Bertrand Dussol , Juliette Duthoit , Xavier Duval , Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise , Sim Choon Ean , Marco Echeverria-Villalobos , Siobhan Egan , Carla Eira , Mohammed El Sanharawi , Subbarao Elapavaluru , Brigitte Elharrar , Jacobien Ellerbroek , Philippine Eloy , Tarek Elshazly , Iqbal Elyazar , Isabelle Enderle , Tomoyuki Endo , Chan Chee Eng , Ilka Engelmann , Vincent Enouf , Olivier Epaulard , Mariano Esperatti , Hélène Esperou , Marina Esposito-Farese , João Estevão , Manuel Etienne , Nadia Ettalhaoui , Anna Greti Everding , Mirjam Evers , Marc Fabre , Isabelle Fabre , Amna Faheem , Arabella Fahy , Cameron Fairfield , Zul Fakar , Komal Fareed , Pedro Faria , Ahmed Farooq , Hanan Fateena , Arie Zainul Fatoni , Karine Faure , Raphaël Favory , Mohamed Fayed , Niamh Feely , Laura Feeney , Jorge Fernandes , Marília Andreia Fernandes , Susana Fernandes , François-Xavier Ferrand , Eglantine Ferrand Devouge , Joana Ferrão , Mário Ferraz , Sílvia Ferreira , Isabel Ferreira , Benigno Ferreira , Ricard Ferrer-Roca , Nicolas Ferriere , Céline Ficko , Claudia Figueiredo-Mello , William Finlayson , Juan Fiorda , Thomas Flament , Clara Flateau , Tom Fletcher , Letizia Lucia Florio , Deirdre Flynn , Claire Foley , Jean Foley , Victor Fomin , Tatiana Fonseca , Patricia Fontela , Simon Forsyth , Denise Foster , Giuseppe Foti , Erwan Fourn , Robert Fowler , Marianne Fraher , Diego Franch-Llasat , John Fraser , Christophe Fraser , Marcela Vieira Freire , Ana Freitas Ribeiro , Caren Friedrich , Ricardo Fritz , Stéphanie Fry , Nora Fuentes , Masahiro Fukuda , G Argin , Valérie Gaborieau , Rostane Gaci , Massimo Gagliardi , Jean-Charles Gagnard , Amandine Gagneux-Brunon , Sérgio Gaião , Linda Gail Skeie , Phil Gallagher , Carrol Gamble , Yasmin Gani , Arthur Garan , Rebekha Garcia , Julia Garcia-Diaz , Esteban Garcia-Gallo , Navya Garimella , Denis Garot , Valérie Garrait , Basanta Gauli , Nathalie Gault , Aisling Gavin , Anatoliy Gavrylov , Alexandre Gaymard , Johannes Gebauer , Eva Geraud , Louis Gerbaud Morlaes , Nuno Germano , Praveen Kumar Ghisulal , Jade Ghosn , Marco Giani , Jess Gibson , Tristan Gigante , Morgane Gilg , Elaine Gilroy , Guillermo Giordano , Michelle Girvan , Valérie Gissot , Daniel Glikman , Petr Glybochko , Eric Gnall , Geraldine Goco , François Goehringer , Siri Goepel , Jin Yi Goh , Jonathan Golob , Rui Gomes , Kyle Gomez , Joan Gómez-Junyent , Marie Gominet , Alicia Gonzalez , Patricia Gordon , Isabelle Gorenne , Laure Goubert , Cécile Goujard , Tiphaine Goulenok , Margarite Grable , Jeronimo Graf , Edward Wilson Grandin , Pascal Granier , Giacomo Grasselli , Christopher Green , Courtney Greene , William Greenhalf , Segolène Greffe , Domenico Luca Grieco , Matthew Griffee , Fiona Griffiths , Ioana Grigoras , Albert Groenendijk , Anja Grosse Lordemann , Heidi Gruner , Yusing Gu , Jérémie Guedj , Martin Guego , Dewi Guellec , Anne-Marie Guerguerian , Daniela Guerreiro , Romain Guery , Anne Guillaumot , Laurent Guilleminault , Maisa Guimarães de Castro , Thomas Guimard , Marieke Haalboom , Daniel Haber , Hannah Habraken , Ali Hachemi , Amy Hackmann , Nadir Hadri , Fakhir Haidri , Sheeba Hakak , Adam Hall , Sophie Halpin , Jawad Hameed , Ansley Hamer , Raph Hamers , Rebecca Hamidfar , Terese Hammond , Lim Yuen Han , Rashan Haniffa , Kok Wei Hao , Hayley Hardwick , Ewen Harrison , Janet Harrison , Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison , Alan Hartman , Mohd Shahnaz Hasan , Junaid Hashmi , Muhammad Hayat , Ailbhe Hayes , Leanne Hays , Jan Heerman , Lars Heggelund , Ross Hendry , Martina Hennessy , Aquiles Henriquez-Trujillo , Maxime Hentzien , Jaime Hernandez-Montfort , Andrew Hershey , Liv Hesstvedt , Astarini Hidayah , Eibhilin Higgins , Dawn Higgins , Rupert Higgins , Rita Hinchion , Samuel Hinton , Hiroaki Hiraiwa , Haider Hirkani , Hikombo Hitoto , Yi Bin Ho , Alexandre Hoctin , Isabelle Hoffmann , Wei Han Hoh , Oscar Hoiting , Rebecca Holt , Jan Cato Holter , Juan Pablo Horcajada , Koji Hoshino , Ikram Houas , Catherine Hough , Stuart Houltham , Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu , Jean-Sébastien Hulot , Stella Huo , Abby Hurd , Iqbal Hussain , Samreen Ijaz , Hajnal-Gabriela Illes , Patrick Imbert , Mohammad Imran , Rana Imran Sikander , Aftab Imtiaz , Hugo Inácio , Carmen Infante Dominguez , Yun Sii Ing , Elias Iosifidis , Mariachiara Ippolito , Sarah Isgett , Tiago Isidoro , Nadiah Ismail , Margaux Isnard , Junji Itai , Daniel Ivulich , Danielle Jaafar , Salma Jaafoura , Julien Jabot , Clare Jackson , Nina Jamieson , Victoria Janes , Pierre Jaquet , Coline Jaud-Fischer , Stéphane Jaureguiberry , Jeffrey Javidfar , Denise Jaworsky , Florence Jego , Anilawati Mat Jelani , Synne Jenum , Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor , Ong Yiaw Joe , Ruth García , Cédric Joseph (3) , Mark Joseph , Swosti Joshi , Mercé Jourdain , Philippe Jouvet , Hanna Jung , Anna Jung , Dafsah Juzar , Ouifiya Kafif , Florentia Kaguelidou , Neerusha Kaisbain , Thavamany Kaleesvran , Sabina Kali , Alina Kalicinska , Smaragdi Kalomoiri , Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin , Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin , Nadiah Kamarudin , Paul Kambiya , Kavita Kamineni , Darshana Hewa Kandamby , Chris Kandel , Kong Yeow Kang , Darakhshan Kanwal , Pratap Karpayah , Todd Karsies , Daisuke Kasugai , Anant Kataria , Kevin Katz , Aasmine Kaur , Christy Kay , Hannah Keane , Seán Keating , Pulak Kedia , Claire Kelly , Yvelynne Kelly , Andrea Kelly , Niamh Kelly , Aoife Kelly , Sadie Kelly , Maeve Kelsey , Ryan Kennedy , Kalynn Kennon , Maeve Kernan , Younes Kerroumi , Sharma Keshav , Imrana Khalid , Osama Khalid , Antoine Khalil , Coralie Khan , Irfan Khan , Quratul Ain Khan , Sushil Khanal , Abid Khatak , Amin Khawaja , Krish Kherajani , Michelle Kho , Saye Khoo , Ryan Khoo , Denisa Khoo , Nasir Khoso , Khor How Kiat , Yuri Kida , Peter Kiiza , Beathe Kiland Granerud , Anders Benjamin Kildal , Jae Burm Kim , Antoine Kimmoun , Detlef Kindgen-Milles , Alexander King , Nobuya Kitamura , Paul Klenerman , Rob Klont , Gry Kloumann Bekken , Stephen Knight , Robin Kobbe , Chamira Kodippily , Malte Kohns Vasconcelos , Sabin Koirala , Mamoru Komatsu , Caroline Kosgei , Arsène Kpangon , Karolina Krawczyk , Vinothini Krishnan , Sudhir Krishnan , Oksana Kruglova , Deepali Kumar , Ganesh Kumar , Mukesh Kumar , Dinesh Kuriakose , Ethan Kurtzman , Demetrios Kutsogiannis , Galyna Kutsyna , Konstantinos Kyriakoulis , Marie Lachatre , Marie Lacoste , John Laffey , Marie Lagrange , Fabrice Laine , Olivier Lairez , Sanjay Lakhey , Antonio Lalueza , Marc Lambert , François Lamontagne , Marie Langelot-Richard , Vincent Langlois , Eka Yudha Lantang , Marina Lanza , Samira Laribi , Delphine Lariviere , Stéphane Lasry , Sakshi Lath , Naveed Latif , Odile Launay , Didier Laureillard , Yoan Lavie-Badie , Andy Law , Teresa Lawrence , Cassie Lawrence , Minh Le , Clément Le Bihan , Cyril Le Bris , Georges Le Falher , Lucie Le Fevre , Quentin Le Hingrat , Marion Le Maréchal , Soizic Le Mestre , Gwenaël Le Moal , Vincent Le Moing , Hervé Le Nagard , Paul Le Turnier , Ema Leal , Marta Leal Santos , Todd Lee , James Lee , Jennifer Lee , Heng Gee Lee , Biing Horng Lee , Yi Lin Lee , Su Hwan Lee , Gary Leeming , Laurent Lefebvre , Bénédicte Lefebvre , Benjamin Lefevre , Sylvie Legac , Jean-Daniel Lelievre , François Lellouche , Adrien Lemaignen , Véronique Lemee , Anthony Lemeur , Gretchen Lemmink , Ha Sha Lene , Jenny Lennon , Rafael León , Marc Leone , Michela Leone , Quentin Lepiller , François-Xavier Lescure , Olivier Lesens , Mathieu Lesouhaitier , Amy Lester-Grant , Bruno Levy , Yves Levy , Claire Levy-Marchal , Katarzyna Lewandowska , Erwan L'Her , Gianluigi Li Bassi , Janet Liang , Ali Liaquat , Geoffrey Liegeon , Wei Shen Lim , Kah Chuan Lim , Chantre Lima , Lim Lina , Bruno Lina , Andreas Lind , Maja Katherine Lingad , Guillaume Lingas , Sylvie Lion-Daolio , Keibun Liu , Marine Livrozet , Patricia Lizotte , Antonio Loforte , Navy Lolong , Leong Chee Loon , Diogo Lopes , Dalia Lopez-Colon , Jose Lopez-Revilla , Anthony Loschner , Paul Loubet , Bouchra Loufti , Guillame Louis , Silvia Lourenco , Lara Lovelace-Macon , Lee Lee Low , Marije Lowik , Jia Shyi Loy , Jean Christophe Lucet , Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo , Carlos Luna , Olguta Lungu , Liem Luong , Nestor Luque , Dominique Luton , Nilar Lwin , Ruth Lyons , Olavi Maasikas , Oryane Mabiala , Moïse Machado , Gabriel Macheda , Hashmi Madiha , Guillermo Maestro de la Calle , Rafael Mahieu , Sophie Mahy , Ana Raquel Maia , Lars Maier , Mylène Maillet , Thomas Maitre , Maximilian Malfertheiner , Nadia Malik , Paddy Mallon , Fernando Maltez , Denis Malvy , Victoria Manda , Laurent Mandelbrot , Frank Manetta , Julie Mankikian , Edmund Manning , Aldric Manuel , Flávio Marino , Daniel Marino , Samuel Markowicz , Charbel Maroun Eid , Ana Marques , Catherine Marquis , Brian Marsh , Laura Marsh , Megan Marshal , John Marshall , Celina Turchi Martelli , Dori-Ann Martin , Emily Martin , Guillaume Martin-Blondel , Martin Martinot , Alejandro Martin-Quiros , João Martins , Ana Martins , Nuno Martins , Caroline Martins Rego , Gennaro Martucci , Olga Martynenko , Eva Miranda Marwali , Marsilla Marzukie , David Maslove , Sabina Mason , Sobia Masood , Basri Mat Nor , Moshe Matan , Meghena Mathew , Daniel Mathieu , Mathieu Mattei , Romans Matulevics , Laurence Maulin , Michael Maxwell , Javier Maynar , Thierry Mazzoni , Natalie Mc Evoy , Lisa Mc Sweeney , Colin Mcarthur , Colin Mcarthur , Anne Mccarthy , Aine Mccarthy , Colin Mccloskey , Rachael Mcconnochie , Sherry Mcdermott , Sarah Mcdonald , Aine Mcelroy , Samuel Mcelwee , Victoria Mceneany , Allison Mcgeer , Chris Mckay , Johnny Mckeown , Kenneth Mclean , Paul Mcnally , Bairbre Mcnicholas , Elaine Mcpartlan , Edel Meaney , Cécile Mear-Passard , Maggie Mechlin , Maqsood Meher , Omar Mehkri , Ferruccio Mele , Luis Melo , Kashif Memon , Joao Joao Mendes , Ogechukwu Menkiti , Kusum Menon , Alexander Mentzer , Emmanuelle Mercier , Noémie Mercier , Antoine Merckx , Mayka Mergeay-Fabre , Blake Mergler , António Mesquita , Roberta Meta , Osama Metwally , Agnès Meybeck , Dan Meyer , Alison Meynert , Vanina Meysonnier , Amina Meziane , Mehdi Mezidi , Céline Michelanglei , Isabelle Michelet , Efstathia Mihelis , Vladislav Mihnovit , Hugo Miranda-Maldonado , Nor Arisah Misnan , Tahira Jamal Mohamed , Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed , Asma Moin , David Molina , Elena Molinos , Brenda Molloy , Mary Mone , Agostinho Monteiro , Claudia Montes , Giorgia Montrucchio , Shona Moore , Sarah Moore , Lina Morales Cely , Lucia Moro , Catherine Motherway , Ana Motos , Hugo Mouquet , Clara Mouton Perrot , Julien Moyet , Caroline Mudara , Aisha Kalsoom Mufti , Ng Yong Muh , Dzawani Muhamad , Jimmy Mullaert , Fredrik Müller , Karl Erik Müller , Syed Muneeb , Nadeem Munir , Laveena Munshi , Aisling Murphy , Lorna Murphy , Aisling Murphy , Marlène Murris , Srinivas Murthy , Himed Musaab , Himasha Muvindi , Gugapriyaa Muyandy , Dimitra Melia Myrodia , Farah Nadia Mohd-Hanafiah , Dave Nagpal , Alex Nagrebetsky , Mangala Narasimhan , Nageswaran Narayanan , Rashid Nasim Khan , Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland , Nadège Neant , Holger Neb , Erni Nelwan , Raul Neto , Emily Neumann , Pauline Yeung Ng , Wing Yiu Ng , Anthony Nghi , Duc Nguyen , Orna Ni Choileain , Niamh Ni Leathlobhair , Prompak Nitayavardhana , Stephanie Nonas , Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin , Marion Noret , Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam , Lisa Norman , Alessandra Notari , Mahdad Noursadeghi , Karolina Nowicka , Adam Nowinski , Saad Nseir , Jose Nunez , Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih , Dwi Utomo Nusantara , Elsa Nyamankolly , Fionnuala Brien , Annmarie Callaghan , Annmarie O'Callaghan , Giovanna Occhipinti , Derbrenn Oconnor , Max O'Donnell , Tawnya Ogston , Takayuki Ogura , Tak-Hyuk Oh , Sophie O'Halloran , Katie O'Hearn , Shinichiro Ohshimo , Agnieszka Oldakowska , João Oliveira , Larissa Oliveira , Jee Yan Ong , Wilna Oosthuyzen , Anne Opavsky , Peter Openshaw , Saijad Orakzai , Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro , Jamel Ortoleva , Javier Osatnik , Linda O'Shea , Miriam O'Sullivan , Siti Zubaidah Othman , Nadia Ouamara , Rachida Ouissa , Eric Oziol , Maïder Pagadoy , Justine Pages , Mario Palacios , Amanda Palacios , Massimo Palmarini , Giovanna Panarello , Hem Paneru , Lai Hui Pang , Mauro Panigada , Nathalie Pansu , Aurélie Papadopoulos , Rachael Parke , Melissa Parker , Briseida Parra , Taha Pasha , Jérémie Pasquier , Bruno Pastene , Fabian Patauner , Drashti Patel , Mohan Dass Pathmanathan , Luís Patrão , Patricia Patricio , Juliette Patrier , Lisa Patterson , Rajyabardhan Pattnaik , Mical Paul , Christelle Paul , Jorge Paulos , William Paxton , Jean-François Payen , Kalaiarasu Peariasamy , Giles Peek , Florent Peelman , Nathan Peiffer-Smadja , Vincent Peigne , Mare Pejkovska , Paolo Pelosi , Ithan Peltan , Rui Pereira , Daniel Perez , Luis Periel , Thomas Perpoint , Antonio Pesenti , Vincent Pestre , Lenka Petrou , Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez , Frank Olav Pettersen , Gilles Peytavin , Scott Pharand , Michael Piagnerelli , Walter Picard , Olivier Picone , Maria de Piero , Carola Pierobon , Djura Piersma , Carlos Pimentel , Raquel Pinto , Catarina Pires , Isabelle Pironneau , Lionel Piroth , Ayodhia Pitaloka , Riinu Pius , Laurent Plantier , Hon Shen Png , Julien Poissy , Ryadh Pokeerbux , Maria Pokorska-Spiewak , Sergio Poli , Georgios Pollakis , Diane Ponscarme , Jolanta Popielska , Diego Bastos Porto , Andra-Maris Post , Douwe Postma , Pedro Povoa , Diana Póvoas , Jeff Powis , Sofia Prapa , Sébastien Preau , Christian Prebensen , Jean-Charles Preiser , Anton Prinssen , Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani , Lucia Proença , Sravya Pudota , Oriane Puéchal , Bambang Pujo Semedi , Mathew Pulicken , Gregory Purcell , Luisa Quesada , Vilmaris Quinones-Cardona , Víctor Quirós González , Else Quist-Paulsen , Mohammed Quraishi , Maia Rabaa , Christian Rabaud , Ebenezer Rabindrarajan , Aldo Rafael , Marie Rafiq , Gabrielle Ragazzo , Mutia Rahardjani , Rozanah Abd Rahman , Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman , Arsalan Rahutullah , Fernando Rainieri , Giri Shan Rajahram , Pratheema Ramachandran , Ahmad Afiq Ramli , Blandine Rammaert , Asim Rana , Rajavardhan Rangappa , Ritika Ranjan , Christophe Rapp , Aasiyah Rashan , Thalha Rashan , Ghulam Rasheed , Menaldi Rasmin , Indrek Rätsep , Cornelius Rau , Tharmini Ravi , Ali Raza , Andre Real , Stanislas Rebaudet , Sarah Redl , Brenda Reeve , Attaur Rehman , Liadain Reid , Liadain Reid , Dag Henrik Reikvam , Renato Reis , Jordi Rello , Jonathan Remppis , Martine Remy , Hongru Ren , Hanna Renk , Anne-Sophie Resseguier , Matthieu Revest , Oleksa Rewa , Luis Felipe Reyes , Tiago Reyes , Maria Ines Ribeiro , Antonia Ricchiuto , David Richardson , Denise Richardson , Laurent Richier , Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan , Jordi Riera , Ana Rios , Asgar Rishu , Patrick Rispal , Karine Risso , Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez , Nicholas Rizer , Chiara Robba , André Roberto , Stephanie Roberts , David Robertson , Olivier Robineau , Ferran Roche-Campo , Paola Rodari , Simão Rodeia , Bernhard Roessler , Pierre-Marie Roger , Emmanuel Roilides , Juliette Romaru , Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque , Mélanie Roriz , Manuel Rosa-Calatrava , Michael Rose , Dorothea Rosenberger , Nurul Hidayah Mohammad Roslan , Andrea Rossanese , Matteo Rossetti , Bénédicte Rossignol , Patrick Rossignol , Stella Rousset , Carine Roy , Benoît Roze , Desy Rusmawatiningtyas , Clark Russell , Maria Ryan , Maeve Ryan , Steffi Ryckaert , Aleksander Rygh Holten , Isabela Saba , Sairah Sadaf , Musharaf Sadat , Valla Sahraei , Maximilien Saint-Gilles , Pranya Sakiyalak , Nawal Salahuddin , Leonardo Salazar , Jodat Saleem , Gabriele Sales , Stéphane Sallaberry , Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere , Hélène Salvator , Olivier Sanchez , Angel Sanchez-Miralles , Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu , Gyan Sandhu , Zulfiqar Sandhu , Pierre-François Sandrine , Marlene Santos , Shirley Sarfo-Mensah , Bruno Sarmento Banheiro , Iam Claire E Sarmiento , Benjamine Sarton , Ankana Satya , Sree Satyapriya , Rumaisah Satyawati , Egle Saviciute , Parthena Savvidou , Yen Tsen Saw , Justin Schaffer , Tjard Schermer , Arnaud Scherpereel , Marion Schneider , Stephan Schroll , Michael Schwameis , Gary Schwartz , Brendan Scicluna , Janet Scott , James Scott-Brown , Nicholas Sedillot , Tamara Seitz , Jaganathan Selvanayagam , Mageswari Selvarajoo , Caroline Semaille , Rasidah Bt Senian , Eric Senneville , Claudia Sepulveda , Filipa Sequeira , Tânia Sequeira , Ary Serpa Neto , Pablo Serrano Balazote , Ellen Shadowitz , Syamin Asyraf Shahidan , Mohammad Shamsah , Anuraj Shankar , Shaikh Sharjeel , Catherine Shaw , Victoria Shaw , Ashraf Sheharyar , Rohan Shetty , Rajesh Mohan Shetty , Haixia Shi , Nisreen Shiban , Mohiuddin Shiekh , Nobuaki Shime , Hiroaki Shimizu , Keiki Shimizu , Sally Shrapnel , Pramesh Sundar Shrestha , Shubha Kalyan Shrestha , Hoi Ping Shum , Nassima Si Mohammed , Ng Yong Siang , Jeanne Sibiude , Atif Siddiqui , Piret Sillaots , Catarina Silva , Rogério Silva , Maria Joao Silva , Wai Ching Sin , Dario Sinatti , Punam Singh , Budha Charan Singh , Pompini Agustina Sitompul , Karisha Sivam , Vegard Skogen , Sue Smith , Benjamin Smood , Coilin Smyth , Michelle Smyth , Michelle Smyth , Morgane Snacken , Dominic So , Tze Vee Soh , Joshua Solomon , Tom Solomon , Agnès Sommet , Rima Song , Tae Song , Jack Song Chia , Michael Sonntagbauer , Azlan Mat Soom , Alberto Sotto , Edouard Soum , Marta Sousa , Ana Chora Sousa , Maria Sousa Uva , Vicente Souza-Dantas , Alexandra Sperry , Elisabetta Spinuzza , B Darshana , Shiranee Sriskandan , Sarah Stabler , Thomas Staudinger , Stephanie-Susanne Stecher , Trude Steinsvik , Ymkje Stienstra , Birgitte Stiksrud , Eva Stolz , Amy Stone , Adrian Streinu-Cercel , David Stuart , Ami Stuart , Decy Subekti , Gabriel Suen , Jacky Suen , Asfia Sultana , Charlotte Summers , Dubravka Supic , Deepashankari Suppiah , Magdalena Surovcová , Suwarti Suwarti , Andrey Svistunov , Sarah Syahrin , Konstantinos Syrigos , Jaques Sztajnbok , Konstanty Szuldrzynski , Shirin Tabrizi , Lysa Tagherset , Shahdattul Mawarni Taib , Ewa Talarek , Sara Taleb , Jelmer Talsma , Renaud Tamisier , Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon , Kim Keat Tan , Yan Chyi Tan , Taku Tanaka , Hiroyuki Tanaka , Hayato Taniguchi , Huda Taqdees , Arshad Taqi , Coralie Tardivon , Pierre Tattevin (4, 5) , M Azhari Taufik , Hassan Tawfik , Richard Tedder , Tze Yuan Tee , João Teixeira , Sofia Tejada , Marie-Capucine Tellier , Sze Kye Teoh , Vanessa Teotonio , François Téoulé , Pleun Terpstra , Olivier Terrier , Nicolas Terzi , Hubert Tessier-Grenier , Adrian Tey , Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit , Anand Thakur , Zhang Duan Tham , Suvintheran Thangavelu , Vincent Thibault , Simon-Djamel Thiberville , Benoît Thill , Jananee Thirumanickam , Shaun Thompson , Emma Thomson , David Thomson , Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai , Ryan Thwaites , Paul Tierney , Vadim Tieroshyn , Peter Timashev , Jean-François Timsit , Noémie Tissot , Jordan Zhien Yang Toh , Maria Toki , Kristian Tonby , Sia Loong Tonnii , Margarida Torres , Antoni Torres , Rosario Maria Torres Santos-Olmo , Hernando Torres-Zevallos , Michael Towers , Tony Trapani , Théo Treoux , Cécile Tromeur , Ioannis Trontzas , Tiffany Trouillon , Jeanne Truong , Christelle Tual , Sarah Tubiana , Helen Tuite , Jean-Marie Turmel , Lance Turtle , Anders Tveita , Pawel Twardowski , Makoto Uchiyama , P Udayanga , Andrew Udy , Roman Ullrich , Alberto Uribe , Asad Usman , Timothy Uyeki , Cristinava Vajdovics , Piero Valentini , Luís Val-Flores , Amélie Valran , Stijn van de Velde , Marcel van den Berge , Machteld van der Feltz , Job van der Palen , Paul van der Valk , Nicky van der Vekens , Peter van der Voort , Sylvie van der Werf , Laura van Gulik , Jarne van Hattem , Carolien van Netten , Frank van Someren Greve , Ilonka van Veen , Hugo van Willigen , Noémie Vanel , Henk Vanoverschelde , Pooja Varghese , Michael Varrone , Shoban Raj Vasudayan , Charline Vauchy , Shaminee Veeran , Aurélie Veislinger , Sebastian Vencken , Sara Ventura , Annelies Verbon , James Vickers , José Ernesto Vidal , César Vieira , Deepak Vijayan , Joy Ann Villanueva , Judit Villar , Pierre-Marc Villeneuve , Andrea Villoldo , Gayatri Vishwanathan , Benoit Visseaux , Hannah Visser , Chiara Vitiello , Harald Vonkeman , Fanny Vuotto , Suhaila Abdul Wahab , Noor Hidayu Wahab , Nadirah Abdul Wahid , Marina Wainstein , Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri , Chih-Hsien Wang , Steve Webb , Katharina Weil , Tan Pei Wen , Sanne Wesselius , T Eoin West , Murray Wham , Bryan Whelan , Nicole White , Paul Henri Wicky , Aurélie Wiedemann , Surya Otto Wijaya , Keith Wille , Suzette Willems , Virginie Williams , Calvin Wong , Yew Sing Wong , Teck Fung Wong , Natalie Wright , Gan Ee Xian , Lim Saio Xian , Kuan Pei Xuan , Ioannis Xynogalas , Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop , Masaki Yamazaki , Yazdan Yazdanpanah , Nicholas Yee Liang Hing , Cécile Yelnik , Chian Hui Yeoh , Stephanie Yerkovich , Toshiki Yokoyama , Hodane Yonis , Obada Yousif , Saptadi Yuliarto , Akram Zaaqoq , Marion Zabbe , Kai Zacharowski , Masliza Zahid , Maram Zahran , Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan , Maria Zambon , Miguel Zambrano , Alberto Zanella , Konrad Zawadka , Nurul Zaynah , Hiba Zayyad , Alexander Zoufaly , David Zucman

1 University of Oxford
2 IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137) - Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution
3 AGIR - Agents infectieux, résistance et chimiothérapie - UR UPJV 4294
4 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes [CHU Rennes] = Rennes University Hospital [Ponchaillou]
5 BRM - ARN régulateurs bactériens et médecine

Background: We describe demographic features, treatments and clinical outcomes in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 cohort, one of the world's largest international, standardized data sets concerning hospitalized patients.Methods: The data set analysed includes COVID-19 patients hospitalized between January 2020 and January 2022 in 52 countries. We investigated how symptoms on admission, co-morbidities, risk factors and treatments varied by age, sex and other characteristics. We used Cox regression models to investigate associations between demographics, symptoms, co-morbidities and other factors with risk of death, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).Results: Data were available for 689 572 patients with laboratory-confirmed (91.1%) or clinically diagnosed (8.9%) SARS-CoV-2 infection from 52 countries. Age [adjusted hazard ratio per 10 years 1.49 (95% CI 1.48, 1.49)] and male sex [1.23 (1.21, 1.24)] were associated with a higher risk of death. Rates of admission to an ICU and use of IMV increased with age up to age 60 years then dropped. Symptoms, co-morbidities and treatments varied by age and had varied associations with clinical outcomes. The case-fatality ratio varied by country partly due to differences in the clinical characteristics of recruited patients and was on average 21.5%.Conclusions: Age was the strongest determinant of risk of death, with a ∼30-fold difference between the oldest and youngest groups; each of the co-morbidities included was associated with up to an almost 2-fold increase in risk. Smoking and obesity were also associated with a higher risk of death. The size of our international database and the standardized data collection method make this study a comprehensive international description of COVID-19 clinical features. Our findings may inform strategies that involve prioritization of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who have a higher risk of death.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; co-morbidities; cohort study; risk of death; COVID-19; symptoms; treatments

Domains: Santé publique et épidémiologie

Christiana Kartsonaki, J Kenneth Baillie, Noelia García Barrio, Joaquín Baruch, Abigail Beane, et al.. Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2023, 52 (2), pp.355-376. ⟨10.1093/ije/dyad012⟩. ⟨hal-04164628⟩